莫代尔混纺纬编针织物的尺寸特性研究

分别研究了莫代尔/棉、莫代尔/黏胶和莫代尔/聚酯混纺针织物在坯布、漂白和后整理阶段的尺寸特性,各混纺织物的纱线密度有2种：24 tex和20 tex,莫代尔质量分数有3种：30%、50%和70%。对线圈长度、线圈密度和紧度系数也进行了研究,研究发现：与细纱相比,粗纱具有更高的线圈密度和紧度系数;与坯布织物相比,成品布具有更高的线圈密度和紧度系数;与30%和70%莫代尔混纺针织物相比,50%莫代尔混纺针织物具有更高的线圈密度和紧度系数。与棉混纺织物和黏胶混纺织物相比,聚酯混纺织物在任何情况下都具有更高的线圈密度和紧度系数。研究表明,纤维种类、莫代尔质量分数和湿松弛处理对织物的尺寸特性有显著影响。     

聚酯细旦纤维对单面平针针织物结构的影响

对分别采用细旦聚酯纤维和常规线密度聚酯纤维编织的针织物进行相关研究,测试了针织物的物理性能、力学性能及舒适性,探讨了采用细旦纤维提高服装的舒适性。将通过环锭纺纺制的细旦纤维与常规纤维编织成完全相同的单面平针针织物,结果显示,细旦纤维针织物表现出很好的悬垂性。与常规纤维制成的针织物相比,细旦纤维针织物的尺寸更稳定,因为它的线圈变形小,且具有更大的针密度和被覆系数。细旦纤维针织物的芯吸性和吸水性等湿气传输性能也优于常规线密度聚酯纤维织物。     

针织物的尺寸特性

讨论纬平针、罗纹、四平针、畦编、空气层组织的尺寸特性。据分析 ,这些织物的密度和厚度均与线圈长度的倒数呈线性相关。线圈长度、组织结构都对织物的密度、厚度、线圈形态有影响。     

玻璃纤维纬平针织物尺寸特性研究

通过实验的方法,对不同紧密系数的玻璃纤维针织物的尺寸特性进行了研究,实验表明,玻璃纤维纬平针织物的线圈长度主要由弯纱深度决定;织物的横密与紧密系数呈线性相关,玻璃纤维针织物的线圈形态系数随织物的紧密系数增加而显著减小,同时,玻璃纤维针织物的厚度仅与纱线的线密度线性相关,与织物的弯纱深度关系不显著。     

羊毛畦编针织物尺寸特性分析

通过实验的方法,研究了横机编织的罗纹、半畦编和畦编羊毛针织物的尺寸特性,对3种织物的线圈长度、纵横向水洗收缩率、纵密及横密等各尺寸特性进行了分析与比较,实验得出,由于集圈线圈的存在,半畦编和畦编针织物的尺寸特性显著不同于罗纹针织物.通过建立尺寸变化率公式,计算出畦编织物与罗纹织物尺寸参数间的关系,可用于工厂实际生产设计时参考.     

纬编针织物风格影响因素分析

分析了原料、密度、线圈长度对针织物的影响。重点从纯棉产品、化纤产品、提花产品的角度分析了密度对针织物风格的影响,其中:纯棉产品中改变织物的密度将会影响产品缩水率;弹力产品会影响织物的弹性;提花产品会影响花型尺寸。简要介绍了横密对总针数的影响。     

基于形状记忆合金丝包覆纱的针织物致动器研究

为构建面向软体机器人应用的织物基人工肌肉,设计并制备了1种以镍钛形状记忆合金丝为芯丝、芳纶复丝为外包纤维的包覆纱,利用该包覆纱制备了1种可通过电阻热驱动的纬平针织物致动器,研究了此致动器循环致动特性及其结构参数与致动条件对其致动特性的影响。研究结果表明:针织物致动器受驱动后将沿线圈纵行方向产生弯曲变形;当致动器线圈横列数增加时,其沿织物平面线圈纵行方向输出的致动力值将呈近似线性关系显著增加,而在垂直于织物平面方向输出的致动力略有减小;针织物致动器线圈尺寸的增加将使其沿织物平面内线圈纵行方向输出的致动力增加;致动电流值的增加将使致动器输出的致动力增大;针织物致动器具有稳定、快速的循环致动能力。     

影响棉平针针织物尺寸稳定性的诸因素

1.序言纬编针织物的尺寸变化是生产管理和质量管理上极为重要的因素。以前,许多学者就针织物的尺寸稳定性与线圈几何学的构造关系进行过研究。陶尔(Doyle)认为充分干燥松弛后的平针针织物线圈密度与线圈长度有关。其后,     

大圆机使用维修知识讲座(之十三)

读者提问 影响满针罗纹织物密度(克质量)的因素有哪些?如何提高其密度? 专家回答 1主要影响因素分析 针织物的密度取决于线圈的大小:线圈越大,密度越小;线圈越小,密度越大.罗纹组织也不例外,所以要提高罗纹织物的密度,就要减小织物的线圈长度.     

仿机织物风格毛涤针织物的开发及性能研究

介绍了一种仿机织物风格毛涤针织物的开发与研究.生产设计时,增加了织物的涤纶质量分数和线圈密度,并加入新型高弹长丝CM800,从而在改善织物风格的同时,保证了针织物的性能特点.对所用原料进行研究分析,合理安排了生产工艺及设备,并对织物成品按照国家或行业标准进行尺寸稳定性、起毛起球、色牢度、缩率等性能测试.分析发现,该仿机织物风格毛涤针织物性能完全可达到标准要求,且仿机织物风格毛涤针织物的拉伸回复性、悬垂性及手感都优于普通针织物.     

Analysis of some comfort and structural properties of cotton/spandex plain and 1×1 rib knitted fabrics

Spandex is increasingly used in either every course or alternating courses of knitted fabrics to impart a greater level of stretch and form stability than that can be achieved with cotton alone. The incorporation of spandex to the fabric structure effects many of the fabric properties. In this study, 100% cotton, half-plated and full-plated, plain and rib fabrics which are very commonly used in underwear and outerwear clothing are investigated for physical, dimensional, geometrical, and some comfort properties and compared to each other. Several conclusions could be obtained such as the wicking heights of the plain fabrics were higher than those of the 1×1 rib fabrics. Transfer wicking ratios of the half-plated fabrics were the highest, whereas the transfer wicking ratios of the full-plated fabrics were the lowest. Extension under constant load and residual deformation ratios decreased with the addition of spandex and the increase in spandex content. Plain fabrics generally performed better than 1×1 rib fabrics in terms of residual deformation ratios.     

28—SOME FACTORS INFLUENCING PUCKERING AND COCKLING IN FULLY FASHIONED GARMENTS

A simple technique for the planning of rib cuffs and welts for fully fashioned garments that is based on the classical knitting geometry of plain and 1 × 1 rib fabrics is described. The effects of cover factor and some common loop ratios at the join of 1 × 1 rib and plain fabrics on puckering at the knitted join and the effects of cover factor and some yam characteristics on cockling in plain-knitted fabrics are given.     

36—AN ENERGY ANALYSIS OF THE MECHANICS OF WEFT-KNITTED FABRICS BY MEANS OF OPTIMAL-CONTROL THEORY PART III: THE 1 × 1 RIB-KNITTED STRUCTURE

The general energy analysis formulated to study various areas of fabric mechanics is applied to relaxed 1 × 1 rib weft-knitted fabrics and also to the effects of the application of tension to the structure. The boundary conditions for the 1 × 1 rib structure are derived by assuming half-loop symmetry. Typical solutions are presented in terms of the curvature along the length of the half-loop, the projections of the half-loop shape, the distributed forces, and the nature of yarn contact in the regions of loop-interlocking. Because of intolerably slow convergence of the computer program, it is not possible to include all the five possible conditions of jamming in the solution for 1 × 1 rib fabrics. However, it is confirmed that the 1 × 1 rib structure is naturally jammed in the width direction between adjacent ribs, and the magnitude of the jamming force is estimated. Suggestions for improving the convergence of the computer program are contained in the appendix to this paper. A comparison with the results for the plain-knitted structure shows that rib fabrics are generally slacker structures, i.e., the yarn-interlocking forces are generally lower (about one-half for the 1 × 1 rib compared with the plain-knitted structure when expressed in terms of dimensionless parameters). It is also shown that the ratio of yarn torsional rigidity to yarn bending rigidity, G/B, has only a very minor influence on the loop shape for both 1 × 1 rib and plain-knitted fabrics. Finally, some suggestions are presented for extending the work to other fabric constructions, especially double-knitted fabrics.     

纤维组分与针织组织对针织物悬垂性的影响

悬垂性对针织物的外观及内在性能都有重要影响,而不同纤维组分纱线和不同组织的针织物悬垂性能也有很大区别。选用相同支数的纯羊毛纱、纯腈纶纱、羊毛/腈纶70/30纱3种典型的针织纱和纬平针组织、1+1罗纹组织、2+2罗纹组织3种常规的针织组织,利用正交试验法分析纤维组分与针织组织对针织物悬垂性能的影响。研究结果表明:混纺比例不同的纱线品种对针织物的悬垂性有一定影响,针织组织对针织物悬垂性的影响特别显著,因此在设计针织服装时应该有针对性地选用不同组分的针织纱和针织组织,以实现理想效果。     

Utilization of the yarn pullout test in estimation of the reserved energy of rib knitted fabrics

The yarn pullout test is a prevailing and particular method to evaluate the effects of yarn properties and the structural characteristics of the fabric on the fabric mechanical performance. In this research, a theoretical model of yarn pull out is presented to determine the reserved energy of weft-knitted fabrics with rib 1 × 1 structure. This model is based on the fabric dimensional properties, i.e. stitch length, wale density, yarn diameter and contact angle of yarns. In order to appraise the proposed model, five different double jersey weft-knitted fabrics with rib 1 × 1 structure were produced and exposed to pullout test. Comparison between deviations of theoretical results from experimental results demonstrates that the presented theoretical model exhibits a rational estimation of the reserved energy in these fabrics.     

基于线圈面积的罗纹织物半球成形研究

为研究纬编轴向织物的成形性能,分别采用芳纶、涤纶和超高分子量聚乙烯纱线在手摇横机上编织1+1罗纹织物,并铺覆在不同直径的半球上,测量织物试样在不同直径半球的不同高度上局部线圈面积的变化情况,探讨纱线自身力学性能、织物成形高度及球体直径对织物局部线圈面积变化的影响。结果表明,纱线的弯曲性能越好,在相同直径的球体上,织物局部线圈的相对面积变化越小;成形球体直径越大,织物局部线圈的相对面积变化越小;同一织物在同一半球体上,织物局部线圈的面积变化不均匀,与成形高度相关。该研究有助于纬编轴向织物三维成形的理论研究。     

锗纤维针织面料的服用性能及综合评价

采用锗纤维纱线编织纬平针、1+1罗纹、单鱼鳞、罗纹半空气层、罗纹空气层5种组织结构的针织物,分别测试它们的保温性、透湿性、透气性、顶破强力、远红外发射等服用性能。应用模糊数学评判法对测试结果进行综合评价,结果表明,纬平针组织针织物的服用性能最好,接着依次为1+1罗纹、单鱼鳞和罗纹空气层组织针织物,而罗纹半空气层组织针织物的服用性能最差。与纯棉、棉/黏胶混纺面料相比较,锗纤维针织面料还能够释放远红外线,具有一定的功能保健性。     

组织结构对针织物电磁屏蔽效能的影响

设计了几种代表性织物组织结构的不锈钢纤维混纺针织物,研究了织物组织结构对针织物电磁屏蔽效能的影响。织物组织结构选择充满系数较高的双罗纹组织、打鸡双面组织、添纱衬垫组织、衬纬组织和绕经组织,以降低织物厚度、密度、孔隙等因素对织物电磁屏蔽效能的影响。对所有织物进行了电磁屏蔽效能测试,结果显示:双罗纹织物、双面织物、添纱衬垫织物、衬纬织物的电磁屏蔽效能都很不理想,且远远低于含不锈钢纤维机织平纹布,但是绕经织物的电磁屏蔽效能要比其他组织的针织物的屏蔽效能高得多,基本能达到国标上对屏蔽服的屏蔽效能要求。绕经织物与其他几种针织物最大的不同就是在纵向多了一些连续的含不锈钢纤维的混纺纱。说明针织物组织结构是影响电磁屏蔽效能的关键因素,可通过在织物纵横向形成纵横交错的导通的金属网栅的方式来改善不锈钢纤维混纺针织物的屏蔽效能。     

麻赛尔横编织物的开发及其性能分析

为了更好地了解麻赛尔纤维针织物的服用性能,探讨了平针、1+1罗纹、双罗纹组织麻赛尔纤维针织物和棉纤维针织物的基本力学性能,并进行了对比分析。结果表明:在3种不同组织的麻赛尔针织物试样中,耐磨性:平纹最好,双罗纹次之,罗纹最差;透气性:平纹、罗纹、双罗纹依次降低。同样3种不同组织的棉纤维针织物也表现出同样的规律。在相同组织不同纱线试样中,麻赛尔针织物的耐磨性、透气性、抗起毛起球性均优于棉纤维针织物。