农药中间体N—异丙基邻甲苯胺的合成

探索了以邻甲苯胺与2-溴丙烷合成除草剂敌草胺的中间体——N-异丙基邻甲苯胺的工艺条件,并通过实验证明在本工艺中副产的溴化钠溶液能循环使用制取2-溴丙烷。N-异丙基邻甲苯胺的产率可达90％～95％,纯度为80％～85％;2-溴丙烷的产率80％,纯度95％。     

催化反应精馏与回收工段工艺的改进

采用催化反应精馏方法水解醋酸甲酯，提高水解率达70％～80％，该法的应用引发了回收工段工艺的改进，为优化工艺、节能降耗提供了基础条件。     

敌草胺WDG防除烟草田杂草试验总结

随着国家对环保的重视,农药环保新剂型已成为发展趋势。江苏快达农化股份有限公司研制开发的50％敌草胺WDG是传统WP的新突破。为探索其对烟草安全性及除草效果,在山东、重庆、云南、湖南、贵州等五省进行了布点试验,试验表明敌草胺WDG对烟草安全,防效显著。     

2，4－二氯苯胺的合成

着重研究了合成２，４－二氯苯胺的工艺条件，在确定的工艺条件下，２，４－二氯苯胺的总产率达８７％，纯度达９８％。     

2,4—二氯苯胺的合成

着重研究了合成２，４－二氯苯胺的工艺条件，在确定的工艺条件下，２，４－二氯苯胺的总产率达８７％，纯度达９８％。     

乙草胺在覆膜烟地除草试验示范

本文报道了作者于１９９２年和１９９３年先后在路南、曲靖、嵩明等地使用５０％乙草胺乳油防除覆受苦烟地杂草的试验示范。结果表明，烟苗移栽浇水后使用乙草胺８０－１００毫升／亩，边施药边盖膜，除草效果与施５０％敌草胺粉剂２００克／亩相似，达８０％以上，而使用成本低。     

丙二醇合成新工艺

本文介绍以环氧丙烷和环氧氯丙烷副产物１，２－二氯丙烷为主要原料，合成丙二醇的工艺路线，讨论了各种因素对反应的影响，提出了最佳工艺条件。收率达８５％以上，产品纯度达９９％以上。     

一水合硫酸氢钠催化合成柠檬酸三丁酯

以一水合硫酸氢钠作为催化剂合成柠檬酸三丁酯，其优化工艺条件为：催化剂用量为总加料量的4.0％～4．5％，柠檬酸与正丁醇加料比为1：4．5～5．0，反应终点温度145～150℃。所得产品可达到国家优级品标准，酯化率达99％以上；催化剂价廉易得，可重复使用4次，再生容易，无腐蚀，环境污染小。     

丙二醇合成新工艺

本文介绍以环氧丙烷和环氧氯丙烷副产物１，２－二氯丙烷为主要原料，合成丙二醇的工艺路线。讨论了各种因素对反应的影响，提出了最佳工艺条件。收率达８５％以上，产品纯度达９９％以上。     

月桂氮卓酮的合成工艺研究

采取优化工艺条件，冷却分离和分馏等步骤合成月桂氮酮，使产品含量达．９８．９％，收率达９２．９％。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。