气体雾化Ti3Al基合金的颗粒特征与结晶形貌

研究了气体雾化Ｔｉ－２５Ａｌ－１０Ｎｂ－３Ｖ－１Ｍｏ（ａ．％）合金的粉末颗粒特征及快速凝固组织。雾化气体压力大于８ＭＰａ时，Ｔｉ３Ａｌ基合金粉末颗粒圆整，颗粒质量分数与其直径间存在对数正态关系。颗粒表面具有明显的合金结晶特征。其凝固组织具有清晰的二次枝晶，依照冷却速度与二次枝晶间距的关系，得到合金的冷却速度为１０＾３－１０＾５Ｋ／ｓ。     

凝固参数对ZA27合金二次枝晶间距及抗拉强度的影响

ZA27合金是近20年来发展起来的一种新型铸造有色合金,具有较好的力学性能,但是,由于其很宽的结晶温区,组织多为的树枝晶,导致力学性能下降.本文采用差热分析方法研究DTA曲线特征参数、凝固开始温度和冷却速率对二次枝晶间距ADAs的影响,同时使用IAS-4图像分析系统分析了合金的微观组织.结果表明:DTA曲线峰高与二次枝晶间距呈线性关系;二次枝晶间距与冷却速率符合指数关系.     

凝固参数对ZA27合金次枝晶间距及抗拉强度的影响

ZA27合金是近20年来发展起来的一种新型铸造有色合金,具有较发孤力学性能,但是,由于其很宽的结晶温区、组织多为的树枝晶、导致力学性能下降,本文要用差热分析方法研究DTA曲线特征参数、凝固开始温度和冷却速率对二次枝晶间距λDAS的影响,同时使用IAS－4图像分析系统分析了合金的微观组织,结果表明：DTA曲线峰高与二次枝晶间距线性关系;二次枝晶间距与冷却速率符合指数关系。     

AZ91镁合金的凝固冷却速度与二次枝晶间距的定量关系研究

通过设计制作一套可获得不同凝固冷却速度的镁合金熔炼与浇注装置,采用多通道连续温度记录仪,获得了对应不同凝固冷却速度下的AZ91镁合金试样.用定量金相分析之截线法测定了各个试样的二次枝晶间距,并对不同凝固冷却速度下的组织特征做了简要分析.用数学回归的方法得到了AZ91镁合金的凝固冷却速度与二次枝晶间距的定量关系式.     

纳米复合Al-Ni-Y系铝合金的制备技术

部分晶化非晶铝合金因其优异力学性能备受关注,对块体非晶铝合金制备技术的研究意义重大.本工作通过紧耦合惰性气体雾化技术制备了Al82Ni10Y8非晶及纳米晶粉末,随后利用超高压固结成形技术对雾化粉末进行致密化.制备所得的块体材料获得了非晶及纳米晶的复合结构.利用差示扫描量热分析,X射线衍射,扫描电镜和透射电镜等测试手段对合金的热稳定性,物相组成,微观组织和形貌进行了分析,并探讨了合金的可能致密化机理.     

冷却过程对AZ61镁合金凝固组织的影响

将AZ61镁合金液态凝固过程分为高温熔体和凝固两个阶段,研究各阶段冷却速率对铸态组织的影响,不同冷速下铸态合金枝晶间距的变化及其对显微硬度的影响。结果表明:在高温熔体阶段随着冷却速率从0.65℃/s增加到15.9℃/s,枝晶组织不断细化且尺寸更均匀,一次枝晶间距从230μm逐渐减小到80μm,二次枝晶间距从12.8μm逐渐减小到9.2μm;凝固阶段在7.8℃/s至23.0℃/s不同冷却速率下,一次枝晶间距从105μm逐渐减小到73μm,二次枝晶间距从10.6μm逐渐减小到8.8μm。两个阶段显微硬度值随冷却速率增大都呈增高趋势。相对于凝固阶段,高温熔体阶段的冷却速率变化对铸态凝固组织的影响更显著。     

凝固速率对Al-Ni合金组织特征的影响

采用气体雾化亚快速凝固工艺制备了Al-Ni合金粉末,并将粉末的组织形貌与金属模重力铸造的Al-Ni合金组织形貌进行了比较.实验结果表明,提高凝固速率可以使Al-Ni合金获得理想形貌的金属间化合物强化相.     

单相凝固亚结构的特征尺度与形态转变

从定向凝固界面形的非稳态分析出发，对单相凝固亚结构的几个特征尺度包括平界面失稳初始扰动波长、胞晶间距、枝晶一次间距、枝晶尖端半径及二次间距与两有态转变即胞枝转变和高梯度绝对稳定性进行了实验研究和理论分析。     

温度梯度对定向凝固Al-4.5%Cu合金一次枝晶间距的影响

使用5kg坩埚下拉式定向凝固设备,对Al-4.5%Cu合金进行定向凝固试验,研究Al-4.5%Cu合金在不同温度梯度下一次枝晶间距的变化规律。结果表明:在其他凝固参数不变时,随着温度梯度的增大,一次枝晶逐渐变小,细密,挺直,基本呈平行状分布,同时计算的一次枝晶间距值与Hunt模型计算值接近,实验测得的一次枝晶间距的回归曲线为:y=2843478.3x2-70217.4x+543.8。用温度梯度较高的实验值来模拟时,可得到1λ=26.7G-0.5-135.9,一次枝晶间距λ1与G-0.5基本呈线性关系,这和Hunt模型分析结果一致。     

固体雾化铝硅合金的粉末特性

固体雾化是一种新型的制粉方法 ,通过改变雾化介质来改善雾化效果。本文利用固体雾化方法制备了共晶铝硅合金 ,并与在相同条件下的普通气体雾化的同种粉末作了比较 ,发现采用固体雾化法制备的粉末细 ,粒度分布窄 ,冷却速度高     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.     

新闻(英文)

正China and Greece Sign the Standardization Cooperation Agreement Witnessed by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang and Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras,AQSIQ Minister Zhi Shuping and ELOT Chairman and Executive Director Angelos Tolkas signed the SAC-ELOT Standardization Cooperation Agreement.The Agreement is one of the critical cooperation documents signed during Li Keqiang’s visit in Greece,encouraging China and Greece to