一类实时的数字仿真算法

求解微分方程是连续系统半实物仿真中的一项关键技术.应用于复杂系统半实物仿真的实时算法要求具有较大的稳定区域、较高的计算精度和较小的运算量,以便满足实时性要求.常用的AB法基于离散相似原理,计算量小但稳定区域小.常用的实时RK法基于泰勒级数匹配原理,稳定区域较大但计算量大.为了满足复杂系统半实物仿真的需要,综合了泰勒级数匹配原理和离散相似原理的优点,构造了一类实时的四阶混合数字仿真算法,并且分析了该类算法的稳定性、实时性和计算精度.最后,利用标准算例对该类算法进行了检验,仿真结果表明,该类算法计算量小、稳定区域大、精度高,在半实物仿真中具有一定的优越性.     

多传感器异步航迹融合算法与仿真

针对分布式多传感器数据融合系统,提出了一种多传感器异步航迹融合算法。由于不同传感器的采样时间各不相同,融合算法首先利用最小二乘法将局部航迹统一到融合中心的融合时间点,然后利用多传感器自适应航迹融合算法,将局部航迹进行融合,得到系统航迹。仿真结果表明该算法能够较好的解决异步航迹的融合问题,以较小的计算量达到了接近加权协方差(WCF)算法的融合精度。     

MMAS-EC算法求解旅行商问题

针对蚁群算法在求解旅行商问题容易出现搜索精度不高的问题,提出一种结合排出算法的最大-最小蚁群系统算法（MMAS-EC）。算法采用全局寻优和局部搜索结合的策略,利用寻优效果较好的最大-最小蚁群系统指导全局搜索方向,同时引入排出算法来探索局部解空间,并采用2-opt操作减小了排出算法对初始位置的依赖,提高了解的稳定性。仿真实验表明：结合了排出算法的最大-最小蚁群系统算法与标准蚁群算法相比,在时间开销增加较小的情况下,取得了质量更高的解。     

基于模拟退火策略的细菌觅食优化算法

针对标准细菌觅食优化算法(BFOA)求解精度不高、稳定性较差、容易陷入局部极值的问题,提出了一种基于模拟退火策略的细菌觅食优化算法(SA-BFO)。该算法在趋向操作完成后,采用模拟退火策略对全局最优个体进行优化,提高算法的优化精度和稳定性,利用模拟退火算法的概率突跳性来避免陷入局部极值。仿真实验结果表明,改进算法比标准细菌觅食优化算法具有较高的优化性能。     

人工鱼群—粒子群混合算法优化进港航班排序

针对空中交通管理中的进港航班排序问题, 提出了人工鱼群—粒子群混合算法(AFPSO)这一航班排序算法来优化进港航班排序, 使时段内进港航班队列总延误时间最少。算法结合了基本人工鱼群算法(AFSA)和基本粒子群算法(PSO)各自的优点, 先以AFSA在全局寻找满意的解域, 再以PSO算法在这些解域中进行快速的局部搜索获得精确解, 最终使算法提高收敛速度和搜索精度。仿真结果表明, 在单跑道和双跑道情况下, AFPSO算法使得航班队列总延误时间比FCFS调度方法减少了20. 9%和34. 4%, 比基本AFSA减少了3. 2%和3. 5%。算法得到的满意解能够为自动化空中交通管理提供实时支持。     

基于人工蜂群的连续域蚁群优化算法

连续域蚁群优化算法是蚁群优化算法的一个重要研究方向,针对连续域蚁群优化算法(ACOR)计算时间较长、易陷入局部最优的问题,提出了一种基于人工蜂群的连续域蚁群优化算法(ABCACOR)。首先,引入一种替代机制来选择指导解,以替换原来的基于排序的选择方式,目的是节约计算时间和尽可能地保持搜索的多样性;其次,结合人工蜂群算法的搜索策略来提高算法的全局搜索能力,进一步减少计算时间和提高求解精度。通过对大量的测试函数进行仿真实验,结果表明,ABC-ACOR算法较现有的一些连续域蚁群算法具有更好的寻优能力。     

弹丸过靶时间提取的算法研究

针对测速系统中弹丸过靶时间提取算法影响测试精度的问题.在介绍激光光幕测速系统的基础上,讨论了弹丸过靶时间提取的斜率计时法、峰值一半计时法、手动计时法等.分析了过靶波形基础上,提出了计算弹丸过靶时间的相关算法,经论证相关算法方法较常规方法计算更加准确.并且可以提高测试系统的抗干扰能力.     

典型相关分析融合全局和局部特征的人脸识别

为了提高人脸的识别率,提出一种典型相关分析融合全局和局部特征的人脸识别算法（SUB-CCA）。通过划分子模式方式避免人脸识别存在小样本、非线性问题,并提取局部特征,采用主成分分析提取人脸图像的全局特征,并采用相关分析算法对全局、局总特征进行融合,消除特征间冗余信息,降低特征维数,采用投票法得到人脸识别结果,并采用3个人脸数据集对算法性能进行测试。仿真结果表明,相对于参比算法,SUB-CCA提高了人脸识别的识别精度。     

基于水平集重构B样条的图像放大算法研究

研究了图像局部放大提高清晰度问题。图像放大一直是图像处理领域研究的重点内容之一,由于图像在放大过程中,容易出现局部模糊不清晰,产生锯齿状轮廓的图像,而传统的图像处理放大插值算法方法难以有效解决该问题,为了解决上述问题,提出了一种新的结合B样条插值和水平集重构算法图像局部放大算法。首先利用B样条函数对图像插值放大的快速算法,借鉴了增强图像高频信号对水平集分割的指导作用,并优化驱动水平集演化的内、外能量及曲线长度约束能量,采用基于水平集算法来平滑图像,重建图像的水平曲线且同时保持图像保真度。最后采用贝叶斯修复技术来修复放大后的图像,仿真结果表明,提出的技术可以有效的克服传统图像放大算法缺点,图像放大清晰度更高,插值效果好并且处理时间短。     

自适应混沌果蝇优化算法

本文针对基本果蝇优化算法(FOA)寻优精度不高和易陷入局部最优的缺点,融入混沌算法对果蝇优化算法的进化机制进行优化,提出自适应混沌果蝇优化算法(ACFOA)。在算法处于收敛状态时,应用混沌算法进行全局寻优,从而跳出局部极值而继续优化。对几种经典测试函数的仿真结果表明,ACFOA算法具有更好的全局搜索能力,在收敛速度、收敛可靠性及收敛精度上均比基本FOA算法有较大的提高。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。