银耳冰淇淋中复合稳定剂的研究

对应用于银耳冰淇淋中的复合稳定剂种类、用量和配比进行了研究。先以黄原胶、魔芋胶、CMC、卡拉胶、瓜尔豆胶为稳定剂做单个筛选实验。根据实验结果以综合性能比较,选出黄原胶和魔芋胶作为复合稳定剂的复配品种,以膨胀率、抗融化性、感官性能为产品的考核指标,对结果进行分析比较,最终确定复合稳定剂以及在银耳冰淇淋中的最佳用量和配比。     

聚葡萄糖的特性及其在低脂冰淇淋中的应用研究

主要研究聚葡萄糖的特性及其在低脂冰淇淋中的应用。探讨了聚葡萄糖的粘度随温度、浓度、盐类浓度及pH的变化情况,同时也分析了不同添加量对冰淇淋膨胀率的影响,并研究了其对冰淇淋抗融化性能的影响。结果表明,聚葡萄糖的添加将影响冰淇淋膨胀率的提高,同时对冰淇淋的抗融化性能也有一定影响,但添加量高于4%时,抗融化性能变化不大,低脂冰淇淋物性指标低于普通冰淇淋。     

血糯米冰淇淋配方的研究

研究了用血糯米替代部分奶粉制备冰淇淋的配方。以冰淇淋的感官性能、理化性能为指标,考核了血糯米及其它原辅料的种类和用量对血糯米冰淇淋性能的影响,得到了制备血糯米冰淇淋的最佳配方。所得产品组织状态均匀细腻,口感、风味具佳,膨胀率达到95%,且抗融性良好。     

低热量冰淇淋与普通冰淇淋性能比较研究

研究比较了低热量冰淇淋与普通冰淇淋的性能差异，分别比较了两者的膨胀率、质构特性和抗融性．结果表明，低热量冰淇淋的膨胀率和质构特性低于普通冰淇淋，其抗融性能比普通冰淇淋稍差。     

番木瓜鲜果冰淇淋加工工艺

该文报道番木瓜鲜果冰淇淋加工工艺、探讨了水果品种、用量、糖品、香料对冰淇淋性能的影响,设计了新配方,开发了新产品。     

食品添加剂“微晶纤维素”的性能及对冰淇淋官能特性的影响

本文介绍了一种新的食品添加剂“微晶纤维素”。对微晶纤维素的制备及性能进行了概述。并将此添加剂用于冰淇淋中，对冰淇淋的功能特性的影响进行了研究。     

国外最近的冰淇淋技术及其机械动向

在冰淇淋工艺方面本文着重介绍国外最近的乳化技术,涉及乳化剂的选用,新型天然乳化剂的功效,以及均质压力对冰淇淋性质的影响;设备方面着重介绍冰淇淋凝冻机的改进,以及万能灌注机和自动插棒机的性能。1 冰淇淋的乳化1.1 乳化剂的作用     

冰淇淋中奶粉替代品的研究

从考察产品的感官指标和理化性能入手,采用玉米淀粉、大豆蛋白、糊精、变性淀粉等原料替代奶粉,对冰淇淋生产的配方进行了试验,筛选出了用植物性原料替代奶粉生产冰淇淋的最佳配方。     

植物油脂在冰淇淋中的应用

研究了棕榈油、菜籽油、大豆油等植物油脂在冰淇淋中的应用。结果表明,在感官方面,菜籽油、大豆油影响冰淇淋的色泽滋味,使其颜色变黄,口感上带有生油味;棕榈油对冰淇淋的滋味稍有影响,而在色泽方面有所改善,使其颜色变白;三种植物油脂均使冰淇淋的组织结构变得更加细腻柔软,尤以棕榈油的效果最为明显。在膨胀率方面,三种油脂均对其有不同程度的下降作用。在融化率方面,菜籽油、大豆油对冰淇淋的抗融化性能有所改善,棕榈油对其影响不大。     

复配乳化剂对冰淇淋蛋糕品质的影响

研究了单甘酯(HLB38)和蔗糖酯(HLB11)的复配(1：1)对冰淇淋蛋糕品质的影响。通过测定冰淇淋蛋糕的膨化率、抗融性、硬挺度及细腻度(将膨化率、抗融性、硬挺度及细腻度等归结为冰淇淋蛋糕的组织结构)等，在整体上对冰淇淋蛋糕的性能进行了描述。结果表明，搅打料温控制在12℃时，复配的单甘酯和蔗糖酯在冰淇淋蛋糕粉中的最佳添加量为1．2％。     

银耳腐竹及其关键生产工艺研究

研究银耳腐竹生产的关键技术。在单因素试验基础上,确定银耳豆浆汁浓度、银耳与大豆质量比与银耳豆浆汁pH值为关键因素,以银耳腐竹产率和韧性为指标,采用L9（34）正交试验优化银耳腐竹生产工艺参数。结果表明银耳腐竹关键生产工艺参数的最佳组合为：银耳与大豆的质量比为5∶100（w·w-1）,银耳豆浆汁浓度为2.2°Bé,银耳豆浆汁pH值为7.5。以此最佳工艺参数组合为条件,并将其他影响因素设定在适宜参数范围,制备银耳腐竹,其产率可达5.11g·（100mL）-1,产品的韧性好,为0.716kg。     

小麦麸脂肪替代品对低脂冰淇淋品质的影响

研究了小麦麸脂肪替代品(WBFS)部分和全部替代冰淇淋中的脂肪对冰淇淋品质的影响。结果表明:WBFS可以提高冰淇淋浆料的黏度,改善冰淇淋的膨胀率;全部脂肪被替代的冰淇淋(FFS)在抗融性、感官评定和质构方面表现出与常规冰淇淋(RF)相似或者略优的品质,而部分脂肪被替代的冰淇淋(MFS)却表现出较差的抗融性和差异明显的感官和质构特性。     

Effects of homogenisation conditions on the physical properties of high-fat ice cream

The effect of homogenisation pressure on the physical properties of high-fat ice cream was investigated. Nonhomogenised ice cream was hard, with low resistance to meltdown, and ice crystals grew rapidly therein. Fat globule networks were not formed in the nonhomogenised ice cream. The ice cream homogenised at 5 MPa or more was harder and showed a higher resistance to meltdown. Ice crystals in the ice cream homogenised at 5 MPa or more grew slowly. The physical properties of each ice cream varied with homogenisations from 5 to 25 MPa and could be controlled by homogenisation pressure.     

The effect of inulin on the physicochemical properties and sensory attributes of low-fat ice cream

The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of replacing the ice cream fat with inulin to produce a low-fat ice cream with prebiotic properties. For this purpose, inulin (2, 3 and 4%, w/w) was added to the low-fat ice cream and the physicochemical and sensory properties of the resultant ice creams were compared with those of control ice cream (containing 10% fat) and the inulin-free low-fat ice cream. The composition, pH and acidity of the ice cream mixes were measured and the melting rate, colour and texture of the frozen ice cream samples were examined. The results indicated that the low-fat ice creams had a significantly lower melting rate in comparison with the control. Inulin addition caused the adhesiveness and hardness of the low-fat ice creams to decrease significantly compared with inulin-free low-fat ice cream.     

Correlation between colloidal properties of ice cream mix and ice cream

Ice cream mix was produced with a range of emulsifiers and concentrations. Ice cream mix properties were measured and correlated to ice cream properties. Protein load (mg m⁻²) in ice cream mix correlated with major characteristic analyses describing the fat structure in ice cream (fat agglomerate size, fat agglomeration index, solvent extractable fat). Thus, the measurement of protein load in the mix can be used to predict ice cream fat stability and related structure with constant processing conditions. As emulsification increased, more fat could be seen at the air interface by scanning electron microscopy. High correlation coefficients were also obtained with fat structure analyses and the quantitative determination of fat in the dripped portion taken from a melting test of ice cream. Hence, fat analysis from the dripped melt fraction is suggested as a method to characterize the fat-related structure in ice cream.     

Properties of cholesterol-reduced ice cream made with cross-linked β-cyclodextrin

This study examined the properties of cholesterol-reduced ice cream stored at −12, −18 and −28°C. Over 90.0% cholesterol was removed, and ice crystal size decreased while viscosity increased as the freezing temperature decreased in the cholesterol-reduced ice cream. The melting time was slightly shorter in the cholesterol-reduced ice cream than in the control. A significant difference was found in the dull colour, and crumbly and unnatural flavour, especially when stored at −28°C, regardless of cross-linked β-cyclodextrin treatment. This study indicated that although some differences were observed, most of the properties of the cholesterol-reduced ice cream were comparable to the control ice cream.     

High hydrostatic pressure modification of whey protein concentrate for improved body and texture of lowfat ice cream

Previous research demonstrated that application of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP), particularly at 300 MPa for 15 min, can enhance foaming properties of whey protein concentrate (WPC). The purpose of this research was to determine the practical impact of HHP-treated WPC on the body and texture of lowfat ice cream. Washington State University (WSU)-WPC was produced by ultrafiltration of fresh separated whey received from the WSU creamery. Commercial whey protein concentrate 35 (WPC 35) powder was reconstituted to equivalent total solids as WSU-WPC (8.23%). Three batches of lowfat ice cream mix were produced to contain WSU-WPC without HHP, WSU-WPC with HHP (300 MPa for 15 min), and WPC 35 without HHP. All lowfat ice cream mixes contained 10% WSU-WPC or WPC 35. Overrun and foam stability of ice cream mixes were determined after whipping for 15 min. Ice creams were produced using standard ice cream ingredients and processing. The hardness of ice creams was determined with a TA-XT2 texture analyzer. Sensory evaluation by balanced reference duo-trio test was carried out using 52 vol.nteers. The ice cream mix containing HHP-treated WSU-WPC exhibited the greatest overrun and foam stability, confirming the effect of HHP on foaming properties of whey proteins in a complex system. Ice cream containing HHP-treated WSU-WPC exhibited significantly greater hardness than ice cream produced with untreated WSU-WPC or WPC 35. Panelists were able to distinguish between ice cream containing HHP-treated WSU-WPC and ice cream containing untreated WPC 35. Improvements of overrun and foam stability were observed when HHP-treated whey protein was used at a concentration as low as 10% (wt/wt) in ice cream mix. The impact of HHP on the functional properties of whey proteins was more pronounced than the impact on sensory properties.