Mesoscopic 2-D ordering of inorganic/organic hybrid materials

Organic–inorganic hybrid materials with micronsized (i.e., mesoscopic) network structures are expected to have interesting properties and applications in various fields, such as separation, catalysis, biomineralization, or quantum optics. Here a new method is introduced to produce thin films of two-dimensionally ordered honeycomb structures. Casting a chloroform solution of a mixture of organic amphiphiles with metal acetylacetonates or -alkoxides at high atmospheric humidity leads to the formation of a closely packed layer of water droplets on top of the organic solvent. The water acts as a template, After evaporation of the chloroform and the water, a honeycomb structure remains. Pyrolysis of the metal alkoxides films lead to the formation of microporous metal oxide (e.g., anatase, one of the catalytic active titanium oxides).     

聚氨酯无机杂化材料研究进展及应用前景

介绍了聚氨酯无机杂化材料的性能,叙述了制备聚氨酯无机杂化材料的4种主要方法.重点对国内外聚氨酯无机杂化材料的研究现状进行了分析,对纳米SiO2和蒙脱土杂化的聚氨酯杂化材料进行了着重阐述,进而探讨了无机杂化材料在聚氨酯注浆材料中应用的可能性和今后发展前景.     

Aerosol route to functional nanostructured inorganic and hybrid porous materials

The major advances in the field of the designed construction of hierarchically structured porous inorganic or hybrid materials wherein multiscale texturation is obtained via the combination of aerosol or spray processing with sol-gel chemistry, self-assembly and multiple templating are the topic of this review. The available materials span a very large set of structures and chemical compositions (silicates, aluminates, transition metal oxides, nanocomposites including metallic or chalcogenides nanoparticles, hybrid organic-inorganic, biohybrids). The resulting materials are manifested as powders or smart coatings via aerosol-directed writing combine the intrinsic physical and chemical properties of the inorganic or hybrid matrices with defined multiscale porous networks having a tunable pore size and connectivity, high surface area and accessibility. Indeed the combination of soft chemical routes and spray processing provides "a wind of change" in the field of "advanced materials". These strategies give birth to a promising family of innovative materials with many actual and future potential applications in various domains such as catalysis, sensing, photonic and microelectronic devices, nano-ionics and energy, functional coatings, biomaterials, multifunctional therapeutic carriers, and microfluidics, among others.     

Porous inorganic materials

The field of porous, inorganic materials is experiencing explosive growth, as is shown by more than 6000 literature citations since 1994 along with numerous recent symposia and workshops that have been devoted to this topic. Much of the recent interest has been fueled by new synthetic strategies, such as ‘supramolecular templating’, that have enabled precise engineering of pore size, shape, and connectivity on the mesoscopic scale. In general, template-based approaches involving the cooperative organization of organic—inorganic assemblies as intermediates are emerging as a promising conceptual basis for future developments in the field of porous inorganic materials, such as the synthesis of hierarchical morphologies that mimic the intricate structures found so often in nature.     

Biomolecular inorganic materials chemistry

Significant advances in bioinorganic materials chemistry during the past eighteen months have provided much impetus for current developments in nanostructured materials. In particular, studies on biomolecules that are either directly associated with the deposition of biominerals, or involved in specific molecular recognition/self-assembly processes coupled to inorganic phases have continued to inspire new strategies for the design of complex materials at all length scales.     

有机生色团掺杂有机／无机复合基质非线性光学材料的制备与性能

以4-[乙基-（2-羟乙基）胺]-4’-硝基偶氮苯（DRl）为生色团，甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）和正硅酸乙酯frEOS）为先体，通过原位溶胶-凝胶技术制备了新型的以PMMA／SiO2复合材料为掺杂基质的二阶非线性光学杂化材料，并运用提拉法在洁净的ITO导电玻璃上制备出均匀、透明的厚度为1μm左右的杂化薄膜。DSC测得杂化材料的玻璃化转变温度为130℃；二次谐波产生（SHG）测量结果表明杂化薄膜在电晕极化后二阶非线性系数d33为1．02×10^7esu；用UV-vis光谱对杂化膜在极化前后的取向和取向稳定性进行的研究表明此材料具有较高的取向度，且常温下的取向稳定性也较好，60d后取向序参数φ仍有初始值的85％。     

Luminescence of novel terbium complex/inorganic/polymeric hybrid materials based on sol-gel technology

In this paper, a new terbium complex/inorganic/polymeric molecular hybrid material was prepared and its optical properties were studied. At first, 4-nitrobenzoic acid was modified by (3-aminopropyl) trimethoxysilane to form a precursor and coordinated with terbium ion. Then it was polymerized with inorganic host tetraethoxysilane or polymer host polyvinyl alcohol and formed hybrid material. ¹H NMR Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope and TGA were applied to characterize the structure of the precursor. UV-vis spectrophotometer and fluorescence spectra were applied to characterize the photophysical properties of the obtained hybrid material. The strong luminescence of Tb³⁺ substantiates optimum energy couple and effective intramolecular energy transfer between the triplet state energy of modified ligand bridge and emissive energy level of Tb³⁺.     

Elaboration of hybrid organic–inorganic materials for ammonium ions retention: Electron microscopy bipolarized observations and Xe solid-state NMR

Translucent organic–inorganic hybrid porous silica materials have been prepared via the acid-catalysed hydrolysis and condensation of TEOS and various p-sulphonatocalix[n]arene derivatives. Xerogels and aerogels have been prepared. The morphology of the gels was characterized by electron microscopy (SEM and ESEM) and by hyperpolarized ¹²⁹Xe NMR. The aerogels showed a porous structure not influenced by the size of the calixarene derivative incorporated in the gel. The efficiency of these new materials towards the retention of ammonium ions was discussed.     

Silicate bonding of inorganic materials

The room-temperature setting process in compacts of various silicate and non-silicate mineral particles bonded with sodium silicate was found to be markedly accelerated by treatment with the acidic gases CO₂, S0₂ and H₂S, but was unaffected by neutral or alkaline gases. Strength development increases with gassing time up to a maximum value which depends on the Si to Na ratio of the sodium silicate, the nature of the mineral matter and the gas used. Longer gassing times are needed to achieve ultimate strength with sodium silicates of higher pH and gases of lower solubility in water. The chemical species formed by reaction of CO₂, S0₂ and H₂S with sodium silicate were investigated by IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and 29-Si solid state NMR spectroscopy.     

Fluorine insertion in inorganic materials

In recent years, research into the chemistry of high temperature superconducting copper oxides has witnessed a noticeable shift towards a detailed investigation of chemical manipulation of the anion (rather than the cation) sublattice, not only to achieve optimum electronic properties but also to create new superconducting phases. Reactions involving the low temperature insertion of fluorine have played a key role, and have rekindled interest in alternative synthetic strategies for oxide fluoride superconductors. Fluorine insertion into fullerenes has also attracted attention due to its potential for the synthesis of new materials with unique properties.     

Combinatorial solid-state chemistry of inorganic materials

Throughout history, scientists and engineers have relied on the slow and serendipitous trial-and-error process for discovering and developing new materials. In contrast, an emerging theme in modern materials science is the notion of intelligent design of materials. Pioneered by the pharmaceutical industry and adapted for the purposes of materials science and engineering, the combinatorial approach represents a watershed in the process of accelerated discovery, development and optimization of materials. To survey large compositional landscapes rapidly, thousands of compositionally varying samples may be synthesized, processed and screened in a single experiment. Recent developments have been aided by innovative rapid characterization tools, and by advanced materials synthesis techniques such as laser molecular beam epitaxy which can be used to perform parallel-processed design and control of materials down to the atomic scale. Here we review the fast-growing field of combinatorial materials science, with an emphasis on inorganic functional materials.     

Monochromatic reflectivity of powdered inorganic materials

Monochromatic reflectivity is measured on compacted specimens of powdered inorganic materials. The measured spectra are compared with literature data.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 58, No. 1, pp. 105–108, January, 1990.     

Crystallization and functionality of inorganic materials

In this article, we briefly summarized our recent work on the studies of crystallization and functionality of inorganic materials. On the basis of the chemical bonding theory of single crystal growth, we can quantitatively simulate Cu₂O crystallization processes in solution system. We also kinetically controlled Cu₂O crystallization process in the reduction solution route. Lithium ion battery and supercapacitor performances of some oxides such as Co₃O₄ and MnO₂ were shown to elucidate the important effect of crystallization on functionality of inorganic materials. This work encourages us to create novel functionalities through the study of crystallization of inorganic materials, which warrants more chances in the field of functional materials.     

含硅有机/无机纳米杂化材料

综述了由有机硅氧烷制备有机/无机材料的sol gel方法,介绍了由此得到的杂化材料在光电材料、高性能陶瓷和聚合物以及其它功能性材料等方面的应用,并对新的sol gel原料作了展望。     

铜-镥无机抗菌材料的制备研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备出含镥铜型无机抗菌材料。通过单因素实验得到较佳的制备条件,运用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)对制备出来的铜-镥无机抗菌材料进行表征;并对不同条件下制备出的材料进行比较。结果表明,在Lu3+浓度为0.005mol/L,反应时间为1h,反应温度为90℃的条件下所制备的材料,结构松散,分散性好;粒径分布为3～6μm,且均一。     

无机天线罩材料研究进展

对高马赫数导弹天线罩材料的性能要求进行了评述，综述了国外天线罩材料的研究进展，特别是重点介绍了美国等军事强国近年来研制的天线罩材料的温度、强度、介电特性以及工艺性能。分析了我国在该领域的研究现状，并提出了今后的发展方向。