CO2腐蚀的气液双相新型缓蚀剂的开发

将二氢噻唑衍生物与其它缓蚀剂进行了复配。用静态挂片失重法研究了它们的缓蚀效率。结果表明二氢噻唑和硫脲及表面活性剂的混合物对抑制CO2的气液两相的腐蚀有良好的效果。通过极化曲线和扫描电镜研究了该缓蚀剂的缓蚀机理。     

CO2气液两相缓蚀剂SM-12B及其性能评价

针对CO2气液两相腐蚀的特点,通过合成双咪唑啉季铵盐和多单元吗啉环己胺缓蚀剂,再与含硫有机物及炔醇类缓蚀剂进行复配,得到抑制CO2腐蚀的气液两相缓蚀剂SM-12B.通过失重法研究了SM-12B缓蚀剂在模拟气田采出液中的缓蚀率,用极化曲线及X射线衍射(XRD)等方法研究了SM-12B缓蚀剂的缓蚀机理.结果表明,使用400...     

复配咪唑啉型缓蚀剂体系的缓蚀性能研究

以棕榈酸、二乙烯三胺为原料合成了咪唑啉,并用顺丁烯二酸酐对其改性得到了咪唑啉型缓蚀剂YQ-01,与助剂YQ-02复配得到复配缓蚀体系YQ-03.应用静态挂片失重法、电化学法和扫描电镜法研究了该复配缓蚀体系YQ-03的缓蚀性能.结果表明,该复配缓蚀体系YQ-03对A3钢在饱和CO2盐水体系的腐蚀具有明显的抑制作用,适用于抑制高矿化度、含CO2的油田水腐蚀.     

BTA系列Cu缓蚀剂的电化学行为

采用交流阻抗法和恒电位阶跃法研究了在硼砂缓冲溶 液（pH9.2）中BTA及其系列衍生物CBTME,CBTBE对Cu电极的缓蚀行为.结果表明：BTA对Cu 的缓蚀作用是由于在Cu表面上生成了Cu/Cu2O/Cu(I)BTA膜,阻滞了Cu的腐蚀,而且缓蚀剂 的浓度越高,生成的Cu/Cu2O/Cu(I)BTA膜越致密,抑制作用越强.含CBTME缓蚀剂的溶液 中,缓蚀效果随缓蚀剂浓度的升高而增强,但同浓度比较时,BTA的缓蚀效果优于CBTME.当 溶液中含有较低浓度CBTBE时,缓蚀剂促进Cu的腐蚀;而当溶液中含有较高浓度CBTBE时,缓 蚀剂才抑制Cu的腐蚀.一定比例的BTA和CBTME复配后对Cu的缓蚀作用有协同效应.以5 mg/L 为缓蚀剂总量,其最佳复配方案为2 mg/L BTA+3 mg/L CBTME.恒电位阶跃法测得的结果与 交流阻抗方法测得的结果相符.     

水溶性缓蚀剂TP/K-3的研制与机理探讨

介绍了塔河油田生产系统产出液的腐蚀特性.根据现场用缓蚀剂油溶性好而缓蚀效果较差的状况,以油酸、二乙烯三胺和二甲苯为原料,通过合成、复配与评价试验,室内合成了五种水溶而油微缓蚀剂,确定了适用于该油田油井产出液的水溶而油微溶油井缓蚀剂系列TP/K-3,并通过红外光谱进行表征.应用静态挂片,电化学极化曲线评价其缓蚀性能及缓蚀机理.实验结果表明,TP/K-3系列缓蚀剂除具有很强的适应性外,还对20#钢具有抗CO2和H2S等酸性介质的优点.当缓蚀剂的加入量在100mg/L时,其缓蚀效果可达90%左右,平均静态腐蚀速率小于0.076mm/a.     

高分子有机盐完井液用缓蚀剂的开发

针对某种高分子有机盐溶液的腐蚀情况,以硫氰酸钠为基础,通过与Vc,锌盐,吗啉,丙炔醇和氯化亚锡等缓蚀剂的复配,确定了一个较好的抗高分子有机盐溶液的缓蚀剂配方:0.2%硫氰酸钠、0.3%Vc、0.4%锌盐、0.4%吗啉、0.2%丙炔醇和0.2%氯化亚锡。采用失重法测定了复配缓蚀剂在不同温度、不同密度有机盐溶液中对P110钢和13Cr钢的缓蚀性能。结果表明,经85℃和180℃不同密度有机盐溶液浸泡20d后,13Cr钢基本无腐蚀,P110钢在低温时有较好的缓蚀效果,但高温时腐蚀速率迅速增大,且随着有机盐溶液密度的增大而减小。     

盐酸介质中苯并三氮唑衍生物的缓蚀机理研究

利用微波促进合成了5种苯并三氮唑衍生物,利用失重法和电化学方法研究了其在50℃、5%盐酸中对N80钢的缓蚀效果,并利用电化学方法重点讨论了吗啉甲基苯三唑的缓蚀行为.结果表明,合成的5种衍生物对实验条件下的N80钢有较好的缓蚀效果,属于吸附型缓蚀剂;吗啉甲基苯三唑为混合控制型缓蚀剂,其对N80钢的缓蚀作用属于几何覆盖效应,符合Langmuir吸附等温式. 页     

油田用酸化缓蚀剂HBBJ-2

以环己胺、芳香酮、丙酮和多聚甲醛为原料合成了一种油田用酸化缓蚀剂HBBJ-2,对其进行了红外光谱分析,对其缓蚀性能、极化曲线以及岩心渗透率损害等进行了研究。结果表明,HBBJ-2在15%HCl溶液中具有良好的缓蚀效果,与丙炔醇复配效果更佳,在120℃和150℃高温下的HCl溶液中,增加缓蚀剂用量也能达到很好的缓蚀效果;HBBJ-2与盐酸中其他添加剂具有良好的配伍性;极化曲线表明,HBBJ-2属于以抑制阴极过程为主的混合型缓蚀剂;对岩心渗透率损害很小。     

咪唑啉型缓蚀剂的合成及其缓蚀机理的研究

以棕榈酸、二乙烯三胺、马来酸酐为原料合成了一种咪唑啉型缓蚀剂YQ-01,与YQ-02复配后得到能有效抑制二氧化碳腐蚀的缓蚀体系YQ-03。应用静态挂片失重法、电化学极化曲线、X射线光电子能谱分析研究了YQ-03抑制二氧化碳腐蚀的电化学特征,分析了腐蚀前、后及加入缓蚀体系YQ-03后A3钢的表面产物,探讨了YQ-03的缓蚀机理。结果表明,由主剂YQ-01和助剂YQ-02组成的复配缓蚀体系有良好的协同作用,腐蚀产物膜有3层,能有效抑制饱和CO2的高矿化度盐水对A3钢的腐蚀。     

乌洛托品季铵盐缓蚀剂的合成与复配研究

以乌洛托品、溴己烷为主要原料,甲醇为溶剂,合成了一种乌洛托品季铵盐缓蚀剂,采用失重法研究了季铵盐缓蚀剂在15%(质量分数) HCl溶液中的缓蚀性能及复配性能,并采用量子化学计算对缓蚀剂机理进行分析,通过红外光谱、SEM对腐蚀后表面进行分析。结果表明,季铵盐缓蚀剂具有良好的缓蚀性能,在15%HCl、90℃下,加量0.5%(质量分数)时,缓蚀率达98.41%,并且与聚乙二醇、KI、丙炔醇复配后协同增效效果较好;量子化学计算表明该季铵盐缓蚀剂分子活性主要分布在分子环上,与乌洛托品相比具有更小的能隙,在Fe表面也具有更大吸附能,因此乌洛托品季铵盐活性更高。表面分析实验进一步验证了该缓蚀剂分子在QT-800钢片表面形成一层吸附膜。     

吗啉衍生物气相缓蚀剂的分子设计和缓蚀协同作用研究

采用Pcmodel分子力学程序和PM3半经验量子化学计算法,对新型吗啉衍生物气相缓蚀的分子设计过程进行了讨论.结果表明:通过分子内的亚甲基链把吗啉和二环己胺分子连接起来,合成吗啉Mannish碱衍生物N,N-二环己基胺甲基吗啉,可以在碳钢表面形成多中心的吸附,具有较高的EHOMO和较低的ELUMO,提高了N,N-二环己基胺甲基吗啉在金属表面的覆盖程度以及与金属的键合强度.当向N,N-二环己基胺甲基吗啉引入苯甲酸根阴离子后,整个体系的EHOMO进一步升高,ELUMO进一步降低,该复配体系和钢铁成键更稳定,从而使其气相缓蚀能力得到进一步的增强.     

硫脲衍生物对CO2饱和水溶液中碳钢缓蚀性能的研究

用失重法及极化曲线方法了在ＣＯ２饱和水溶液中几种硫脲衍生物对碳对钢的缓蚀作用。利用缓蚀协同效应得到了同温度下缓蚀效果良好的缓蚀剂。     

乙醇胺钼酸盐的缓蚀作用与机理

采用腐蚀失重指标，极化曲线，电化学交流阻抗和电离度测定、划伤电极技术和ＸＰＳ等研究了三种乙醇胺钼酸盐在Ａ３钢／去离子水体系中的缓蚀作用与机理。结果发现，三种乙醇胺钼酸盐与均有优良的缓蚀性能，均是以抑制阳极过程为主的混合型缓蚀剂；其缓蚀能力明显优于钼酸钠、对应的乙醇胺及两者的混合物，表明分子内的醇胺基团与钼酸根有明显的协同缓蚀效应；随着分子内羟乙基的增加，其缓蚀性增强。Ａ３钢在乙醇胺钼酸盐溶液中的     

Organic substances as inhibitors for chloride‐induced corrosion in reinforced concrete

Corrosion inhibitors are used to prevent chloride‐induced corrosion in reinforced concrete structures. Since performance of commercial organic inhibitors is only partially satisfactory, a 7‐year long research has been carried out in order to set‐up a new organic inhibitive mixture, able to prevent chlorides‐induced corrosion. A first screening, by means of potentiodynamic polarisation test in alkaline synthetic pore solution, was performed on 80 organic compounds, mainly primary and tertiary amines, aminoalcohols, carboxylates compounds and aminoacids, in order to select the best inhibiting substances. The nine best inhibitive organic substances were selected for long‐term tests: 2 amines (dimethylethanolamine and triethylentetramine), 4 aminoacids (aspartate, asparagine, glutamate and glutamine) and 3 carboxylates compounds (tartrate, benzoate and EDTA). Potentiostatic polarisation and free corrosion tests in synthetic pore solution were performed, as well as tests in concrete exposed to accelerated chlorides penetration. Five years of tests allow estimating the efficiency of the substances in preventing chlorides‐induced corrosion, in term of influence on chlorides penetration and on critical chlorides threshold.     

盐酸体系不锈钢缓蚀剂的开发

采用失重法和扫描电镜法,测定了五种缓蚀剂对浸没于8%盐酸介质中不锈钢的缓蚀作用,确定了在盐酸体系中对不锈钢具有较好缓蚀性的单组分、二元和三元缓蚀剂配方.实验结果表明:咪唑啉,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵具有较好的缓蚀效果;十六烷基三甲基溴化胺在使用浓度为700 mg/L时,缓蚀率为90.0%;十六烷基三甲基溴化铵与三乙醇胺、咪唑啉及硫脲复配后,缓蚀剂各组分浓度为单组分最佳浓度一半的情况下,缓蚀率分别达到为91.8%、90.8%和89.7%,缓蚀剂的成本得以下降;三元复配缓蚀剂中,咪唑啉-硫脲-乌洛托品和咪唑啉-硫脲-三乙醇胺两种缓蚀剂的缓蚀率均高于90%,且使用成本低,是理想的盐酸体系不锈钢缓蚀剂.扫描电镜图像表明,添加了缓蚀剂的金属表面腐蚀轻微,表面光滑,且不存在明显的点蚀倾向,缓蚀剂对金属表面起到很好的保护作用.     

低合金钢在添加缓蚀剂的NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为

研究分别添加少量(1%)缓蚀剂乌洛托品、磷酸钠、硫脲时在3.5%NaCl溶液中对低合金钢的缓蚀作用。运用线性极化技术测定比较上述三种缓蚀剂的缓蚀效果,且用交流阻抗法测得的结果与线性极化的一致。通过Tafel曲线对缓蚀剂的缓蚀机理进行了初步探讨。研究结果表明缓蚀效果:磷酸钠>硫脲>乌洛托品。缓蚀剂的作用是在金属表面成膜,改变了金属表面状态,从而抑制金属的腐蚀。     

Corrosion and corrosion control of mild steel in concentrated H2SO4 solutions by a newly synthesized glycine derivative

A newly synthesized glycine derivative (GlyD1), 2-(4-(dimethylamino)benzylamino)acetic acid hydrochloride, was used to control mild steel corrosion in 4.0 M H₂SO₄ solutions at different temperatures (278–338 K). Tafel extrapolation, linear polarization resistance (LPR) and impedance methods were used to test corrosion inhibitor efficiency. An independent method of chemical analysis, namely ICP-AES (inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry) was also used to test validity of corrosion rate measured by Tafel extrapolation method. Results obtained were compared with an available glycine derivative (GlyD2) and glycine (Gly). Tafel polarization measurements revealed that the three tested inhibitors function as mixed-type compounds. The inhibition efficiency increased with increase in inhibitor concentration and decreased with temperature, suggesting the occurrence of physical adsorption. The adsorptive behaviour of the three inhibitors followed Temkin-type isotherm and the standard free energy changes of adsorption () were evaluated for the three tested inhibitors as a function of temperature. The inhibition performance of GlyD1 was much better than those of GlyD2 and Gly itself. Results obtained from the different corrosion evaluation techniques were in good agreement.     

Untersuchungen zur Bestimmung des Einflusses funktioneller Gruppen in N-haltigen Inhibitoren auf die Korrosionsschutzwirkung

Investigations into the determination of the influence of functional groups in N-containing inhibitors on the corrosion protection efficiency 91 compounds, primarily from the class of benzimidazoles, were synthesized as model substances for establishing relationships between molecular structure and inhibitors efficiency. Gravimetric and electrochemical tests as well as surface analysis were used to determine the influence of various functional groups on the inhibition of corrosion according to the type and position of these groups in the N-containing heterocycles. The analyses were performed in 1 mole NaClO₄ and in drinking water with unalloyed steel, oxygen-free copper and aluminium 99.5 as the test materials. The gravimetric tests show the type and length of the side chain, substituents at the nucleus and the functional group have an appreciable influence on the inhibition of corrosion. The electrochemical measurements show that the model substances can be divided into two groups according to their inhibitive effect: the anodically active ones (containing phosphono groups) and the cathodically active ones. The surface analysis tests using ESCA show, for example, that with the 2-aminopentyl benzimidazole, monomolecular adsorbates up to three atom layers thick are deposited on oxygen-free copper.     

高温浓盐酸缓蚀剂—“7801”的研究

为了适应我国油气田深井高浓度盐酸或土酸酸化压裂工艺的需要,用苯乙酮、苯胺、六次甲基四胺、丙炔醇等作原料,制成一种高温浓盐酸缓蚀剂—“7801”。在实验室内进行了常温常压、高温高压(150℃及150大气压)腐蚀试验、抗 H_2S 腐蚀和抗氢脆性能试验,以及夏天和冬天室温酸液长期浸泡试验。结果表明“7801”的缓蚀性能较好,可以供5km 深的油、气井在采用28%HCl 溶液酸化时用作缓蚀剂,而不必加碘化物。本文还对合成酮胺醛缩合物的反应及“7801”的缓蚀作用机理进行了初步探讨。