基于C—B样条的Catmull—Clark细分曲面

为了解决Catumull-Clark细分曲面在工程上难以推广的问题，给出了一种基于C－B样条的Catumull-Clark细分曲面的算法，C－B样条曲线是B样条曲线的拓广，但它们的形状依赖于参数α，由于新的曲面细分方法充分利用C－B样条能够精确表示圆，椭圆等规则形体的特性，因而使通过此方法生成的细分曲面，除了在奇异点处能保持二阶导数连续外，还能够像C－B样条曲线，曲面一样，精确地表示圆柱等常规曲面，统一工程曲面等的造型，同时它仍然保持细分曲面的造型特点，即能够解决NURBS曲面难以处理的任意拓扑结构的造型问题，另外，还可依赖控制参数α的调节作用来增加造型的自由度，而且当α→0时，它们就退化成Catmul-Clark细分曲面，在工程图形上的应用实例表明，这种算法简单，有效。     

曲面细分方法及其应用

细分曲面造型技术是一种基于样条可细化性质基础上的以网格细分为特征的离散造型方法,具有表示的任意拓扑性,光滑保证性,计算简单性等传统方法难以比拟的优点.本文介绍了常用几种细分方法的细分规则及其应用.如Loop细分法、蝴蝶改进法、Catmull Clark法和Doo-Sabin法.     

曲面细分方法及其应用

细分曲面造型技术是一种基于样条可细化性质基础上的以网格细分为特征的离散造型方法,具有表示的任意拓扑性,光滑保证性,计算简单性等传统方法难以比拟的优点。本文介绍了常用几种细分方法的细分规则及其应用。如Loop细分法、蝴蝶改进法、Cat-mull Clark法和Doo-Sabin法。     

T样条曲面在B样条曲面局部拼接中的应用

为解决相邻B样条曲面在局部拼接时由于曲面细分而加入冗余控制点的问题,利用T样条曲面良好的局部细分性,提出一种更有效的T样条曲面局部拼接法。将相邻B样条曲面精确转换为两张全行列T样条曲面;利用T样条曲面的局部均匀细分算法得到局部拼接边界上的一致性,在曲面上加入局部控制点;将局部细分后的曲面连续拼接为一张控制点更少的T样条组合曲面。与B样条曲面的细分拼接法相比,该方法在曲面细分时不加入任何冗余控制点,在局部拼接后能够得到一张更精简的组合曲面。     

双奇次NUAHT样条

针对T样条无法精确表示双曲超越曲面的问题,构造了一种样条曲面——双奇次代数双曲T样条曲面(NUAH T样条),探讨了其细分算法和调配函数的线性无关性.通过将非均匀代数双曲B样条曲面(NUAH B样条曲面)定义在T网上,给出了双奇次NUAH T样条的定义;基于NUAH B样条的节点插入公式,提出NUAH T样条的一种局部细分算法;并证明了NUAH T样条的调配函数线性无关的充要条件,即由NUAH T样条转化为NUAH B样条曲面的过渡矩阵是满秩矩阵.最后,通过实例验证了曲面构建和细分算法的有效性.     

准均匀B样条曲面的多分辨率表示及应用

在多分辨率曲线和曲面造型中，B样条小波已经得到了广泛应用。曲线和曲面的多分辨率造型成为一个研究热点。通过阐述准均匀B样条曲线曲面的基于小波分解的多分辨率表示的数学原理，给出了具体的曲线和曲面小波分解算法和实验结果，说明了准均匀B样条曲面多分辨表示的优点及其在工业上的应用。     

任意NUBS曲线的小波分析和造型技术

为了对任意NUBS曲线进行精确的分解和重构，提出了半正交B样条小波分解和重构的新算法，同时给出了处理非均匀B样条曲线的非整数阶分辨率的小波分解和重构算法，并实现了任意非均匀B样条曲线的多分辨率表示，对于任意非均匀B样条或NUBS曲线，无论它有多少个控制点，均可以对它进行半正交分解和重构，而不受控制点数必须等于2＋3的限制，从这个意义上讲，该方法不仅可以实现连续分辨率水平（continuous-resolutionlevel)的非均匀B样条曲线造型，还可以对非均匀B样条和NURBS曲线进行精确的分解和重构，这对于B样条曲线曲面的多分辨率造型与显示具有重大应用价值。     

Catmull-Clark细分曲面的形状调整

提出一种调整细分曲面形状的算法．该算法用cosα(Ck)取代C-B样条的形状因子α，并将Ck的定义区间从[-1，1]扩大到[-1，∞)；然后用这种扩展了的GB样条来构造catmull—clark细分曲面；使得生成细分曲面的形状不仅能够在C-B样条的范围内可调，而且还能在标准的catmull-clark细分曲面和初始的控制网格之间任意调整．该算法保留了C-B样条和catmull-clark细分曲面的主要特点，如精确表示圆柱体、处理任意拓扑结构的控制网格等。     

基于C-B样条的Catmull-Clark细分曲面造型系统的开发

论文针对工程应用,根据C-B样条和Catmull-Clark细分曲面的特点可调因子使得生成曲面形状可调和一次细分操作以后所有的网格面片都为四边域,构造合理的数据结构,采用有效的实时交互式的用户界面,开发了基于C-B样条的Catmull-Clark细分曲面的造型系统.为细分曲面的形状调整提供了简单、实时而且直观的人机交互方法.该系统能处理任意拓扑结构,能够精确地表示二次曲面,所生成的曲面光滑可调.可以以软件包或插件的形式加入到现有的CAD系统中.     

带B样条曲率线的NURBS曲面设计

为了满足产品设计的需要,提出一种NURBS曲面设计算法用于构造插值曲率线的曲面.首先利用给定已知曲线作为公共曲率线的等参曲面束的表达式、B样条的导矢公式和2个B样条的乘积理论,给出以一条非均匀B样条曲线作为公共曲率线的等参曲面束的显式表达式;然后讨论插值曲面可用NURBS精确表示的必要条件,并给出2种表达式,得出以一条非均匀B样条平面曲线作为公共曲率线的曲面束的NURBS精确表达式,以及控制顶点的计算式.通过实例展示了曲面设计效果,表明算法是可行的.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.