共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 703 毫秒
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论述近年来国内外水果采后病害生物防治生防菌的分离、筛选的方法和使用生防菌防治水果采后病害的途径的研究进展,为进一步筛选有效的水果采后病害生防菌提供新思路. 相似文献
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果蔬在采后贮藏运输过程中易受到病原菌的侵染而腐烂变质,采后病害的控制主要依赖化学合成杀菌剂,但长期使用会导致环境污染和食品安全等问题。生物防治具有绿色环保的特点,正在逐渐被应用。芽孢杆菌作为重要的生防菌,在果蔬采后病害防治中发挥了重要作用,目前国内外已有大量生防杆菌在果蔬采后病害防治中的研究。本文对生防芽孢杆菌防治采后病害的种类、作用机制和在采后病害的应用现状进行了综述,以期为生防芽孢杆菌在果蔬采后病害的发展和创新提供借鉴思路。 相似文献
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防治水果病害的生防酵母及生防制剂研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
水果在生长和贮藏过程中极易受到病原菌侵染而腐烂,从而造成巨大的经济损失。目前,田间病害防控及 采后果实贮藏保鲜主要依靠化学制剂。化学制剂因其高效性及便利性在农业领域备受欢迎,但化学制剂的广泛使用 对人体和环境都造成了很大的危害。因此,水果防腐需要寻求更安全、环保并高效的方法,其中生物防治是替代化 学防治的有效措施之一。本文主要探究了生防酵母对于水果采后病害的生防效果及存在问题,并对国内外生防制剂 的研究现状和前景进行了分析讨论,以期能为我国酵母生防制剂的商业化生产与应用提供有价值的参考。 相似文献
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为研究生防菌洋葱霍尔德氏菌B-1的生防潜力,并为其生产性应用奠定基础,研究洋葱霍尔德氏菌B-1的生物量最大值的培养时间、浓度和发酵时间对玫瑰香葡萄采后病害的抑制效果。结果表明,在接种后24 h,拮抗菌B-1的抑菌效果最好,抑菌圈直径达2.81 cm。在液体培养基中,生防菌可有效抑制灰葡萄孢霉孢子萌发和芽管伸长,稀释5倍发酵液和发酵原液可完全抑制灰葡萄孢霉孢子萌发,稀释40倍发酵液孢子萌发率下降60.39%。在0,16℃和26℃温度条件下,拮抗菌均可显著降低葡萄采后自然腐烂率。菌株B-1不论是在离体条件还是在活体条件下,均有抑制灰葡萄孢霉的作用,能有效防治葡萄采后灰霉病的发生,是一株生防潜力较好的菌株。 相似文献
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Exploitation of microbial antagonists for the control of postharvest diseases of fruits: a review 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ajinath Shridhar Dukare Sangeeta Paul V. Eyarkai Nambi Ram Kishore Gupta Rajbir Singh Kalyani Sharma 《Critical reviews in food science and nutrition》2019,59(9):1498-1513
Fungal diseases result in significant losses of fruits and vegetables during handling, transportation and storage. At present, post-production fungal spoilage is predominantly controlled by using synthetic fungicides. Under the global climate change scenario and with the need for sustainable agriculture, biological control methods of fungal diseases, using antagonistic microorganisms, are emerging as ecofriendly alternatives to the use of fungicides. The potential of microbial antagonists, isolated from a diversity of natural habitats, for postharvest disease suppression has been investigated. Postharvest biocontrol systems involve tripartite interaction between microbial antagonists, the pathogen and the host, affected by environmental conditions. Several modes for fungistatic activities of microbial antagonists have been suggested, including competition for nutrients and space, mycoparasitism, secretion of antifungal antibiotics and volatile metabolites and induction of host resistance. Postharvest application of microbial antagonists is more successful for efficient disease control in comparison to pre-harvest application. Attempts have also been made to improve the overall efficacy of antagonists by combining them with different physical and chemical substances and methods. Globally, many microbe-based biocontrol products have been developed and registered for commercial use. The present review provides a brief overview on the use of microbial antagonists as postharvest biocontrol agents and summarises information on their isolation, mechanisms of action, application methods, efficacy enhancement, product formulation and commercialisation. 相似文献
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State of the art and future prospects of the biological control of postharvest fruit diseases 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
Synthetic fungicides are the primary means to control postharvest diseases of fruits. Biological control has emerged as one of the most promising alternatives to chemicals. During the last 20 years, several biological control agents have been widely investigated for use on different pathogens and fruit crops. Many biological control mechanisms have been suggested for use on fruit including antibiosis, parasitism, induced resistance in the host tissue and competition. With the aim of extending the use of the biofungicides, there have been many studies on the application of various combinations of control agents, and on the application integrated with chemical and physical means of protection. The formulation and application methods are key issues for the efficacy and successful outcome of the commercial product. Genetic engineering may provide a useful tool in the enhancement of the biological control efficacy. Since biofungicides are usually not as effective as pesticides, this approach should be viewed as an important component of an integrated disease management scheme given that a significant and permanent reduction of pesticide use is our goal. 相似文献
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柑橘类水果, 富含多种天然生物活性成分, 尤以类黄酮化合物含量最高, 对某些慢性疾病有预防和控制作用, 故其较多活性成分已应用于食品行业和医药行业等, 这也是近年来柑橘类水果中类黄酮化合物的提取制备方法和分析方法被许多科研工作者高度关注的原因。本文主要介绍了近年来柑橘类黄酮物质的分离提取方法和定性定量分析方法, 为今后研究和开发柑橘类水果的科研工作者提供一定的参考。 相似文献
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