告别月光族 理财软件&工具新年大推荐

俗话说,“你不理财,财不理你“,很多朋友可能都清楚自己的收入,但却不知道自己的消费和支出,所以每个月下来都是“月光族“。这就是由于头脑中没有“理财“的概念引起的,在新的一年开始时,我们有必要共同来探讨一下个人理财的问题,广义的理财不但包括财产资金的管理,还包括利用现在的资金“生财“,但是由于投资顶目有风险,各行各业差别也很大,因此在市专题中,我们主要探讨狭义的理财,那就是对资金的管理,让账目更明确,让消费更理性,日常生活中不但要开源,更要节流,用心理财,你才能做到“心中有账,手里有财“,从此告别“月光族“!     

评刊

《数码摄影》创刊于新世纪,是本年青的杂志,有年青的感觉,年青的朝气,也有年青的躁动。杂志是智者,面对是朋友,所以我喜欢看各种杂志的卷首语,如沐春风,如听秋雨,有所闻,有所感,很难得,张韬也好,登登也好,如能再精深一些,配图收录会是很不错的图文集。     

家用车的逆袭——铃木雨燕全面改装密

正提到代步车这个词,可能很多人都会说出无数的车型,这其中就包括了早在2005年就上市的雨燕,它来自日本的小型车专业户铃木,对于当时的消费者来讲,雨燕有着得天独厚的优越条件,靓丽的外形以及超级别的配置,唯有那台G13B引擎多少有些拿不出手,不过小MINI的称号依旧换来了相当多的支持者,随着小改款的推出,引擎也从落后于时代的G13B换成了相对先进的M15A,双顶凸轮轴加上VVT,这些足以进入精品小型车的行列,将它视为改装对象的人也越来越多。用心修饰性格巨变和众多A0级小车相比较而言,雨燕的外观还是属于相当温顺的,甚至多少有些可爱,对于喜欢这种性格的女生来讲,的确是再合适不过了,不过对于那些喜欢追求速度和与众不同的男生来讲,就未必合适了,不过好在雨燕的可塑性还是很高的,通过了一些相当用心的手段进行修饰之后,一番凶悍的景象还是得到了良好的呈现,随着外观的变化,     

魔兽·社会·人

一个警察玩魔兽,后来殉职,有玩家在游戏里为他组织了葬礼,很多战友前来祭拜。重庆一个魔兽公会的会长在网上卖号,打算凑两三千块钱给妻子治病,结果无数玩家慷慨解囊。还有一些让人哭笑不得的妙人。比如三季稻,人称三哥,他是国服里的一个传奇人物,独来独往,专杀小号。他不参加任何公会,也不参加任何活动,没有人知道他的真实身份。有个联盟玩家给自己的ID起名叫部落不是东西,然后到处躲避部落的追杀,历尽艰辛,乐此不疲。还有一玩家一根筋要当大奸商,不练级,不打怪,只是在不同种族之间倒买倒卖,囤货居奇,最终控制整个服务器的经济命脉。其实,游戏和现实世界一样.不管是谁,总有点追求。在《魔兽世界》里,有人求升级,有人求装备,有人享受打到BOSS的过程,有人追求领导公会的快感,但也有BJ这样的游侠——他最大的乐趣是发掘游戏里面各种稀奇古怪的地方。他会一个人去爬山、游泳、客串做奸商,躲在没人的地方钓鱼,或者和小妹妹在山顶看日出。为了抓一只宠物,他可以在树下连续盯上40多个小时,如痴如醉,跟谈恋爱一样。走出游戏,又觉得自己很傻。BJ今年33岁,是一个程序员,家住南京,有家庭,有事业,热爱生活。     

读者来函

办刊的初衷未变在四月前,我是决不会向杂志社回寄问卷调查,我一向认为,回函很多.我的一份声音很可能会被众多声音淹没,因而没寄。后来在好奇心的驱使下,我做出常识,结果便打破了固有的看法,消除了顾虑,我的建议被考虑甚至是被采纳了,这是对于我的回函的肯定,所以我从此期期回寄。令我欣喜的是,我幸运成为8月号的中奖者,并于昨晚收到奖品,在此表示我由衷的谢意!     

网络谱写轻松传奇

高楼万丈平地起,在网络化和电子商务的时代,信息系统最重要的基础设施包括各种服务器和终端,以及网络设备等。它们是实现办公自动化的先决条件。有了这些设备,您每天坐在PC前,用鼠标指指点点,就可以完成各种日常工作,远到合作伙伴,近至邻桌同仁,不分时间和地点,可以随时沟通。因此,您的方案和计划,通过服务器,得以准确地展现,通过网络,得以快速地发送,最终得到完美地实现。的确,现代办公让人拥有从未有过的巨大能力,不由您赞叹现代办公的魅力和轻松!IT的发展日新月异,促使您的办公也越来越轻松。下面,让我们走到信息系统的后台,看看里面发生了什么变化。     

站在更高起点

品牌、广告、LOGO;视觉、形象、感性。当读图时代不可避免地到来,企业的形象识别,已跳离了标志的属性,无不关乎企业品质,俨然成为企业的精神图腾和价值地图。在消费时代,并不缺乏视觉饕餮,但是,我们觉得,珍馐美馔,更适合用细嚼慢咽的方式,来咂摸滋味,吸取营养。以后每周,我们将奉上一道精心烹饪的视觉大菜,色、香、味、营养,一应俱全。当然我们也希望您,把让自己齿颊留芳的菜品,写一纸小文,推荐给我们,与更多的读者分享。     

来吧！属于Geek的黄金周

今年的国庆长假,加上中秋节,黄金周长假多达8天!如果再加上年假、婚假等各种假期,真是想想都美啊!金秋是一年最适合出行的季节,这个季节里,许多地方展现的是一年中仅此一次的美好,大自然似乎要把全部力量都用在这个季节,然后再进入冬天的休养,于是,到处都呈现着五彩斑斓的美景。收获的霞浦,繁忙的涠洲岛,塞上的草原,婺源的红叶,拉萨河畔的秋风,梅里雪山的冰峰,还有广袤的大漠,春华秋实,哪种美景更让你倾心？     

无限延伸的音乐 深圳车乐汇改英菲尼迪

正工作的繁忙,城市的喧哗,生活的紧压,总会让我们不经意间忘记享受,忘记享受音乐,忘记音乐带来的快乐,忘记音乐给生活带来的意义。人生就像一场不知道终点的赛跑,一味的狂跑只会错过沿途美丽的风景,适时的放慢脚步,美丽的风景就会陪伴左右,悄悄的关上车门,将繁杂的世俗拒之门外,播放喜爱的音乐,这时,终点其实已经在你眼前,用自己喜欢的声音为到达终点而欢呼,用音乐取悦自己的耳朵,用音乐缓解生活的压力,假如你     

愈强愈精英 商务赛亚人大变身

喜欢漫画的朋友相信都知道赛亚人,这个《七龙珠》中的战斗民族,从骨子里就留着好战的血液,他们越战越强,当他们突破极限,就成为超级赛亚人,拥有世界上最强大的战斗力,是最强的勇士。商务精英的追求无止境,他们同样向往胜利,期待成功。当他们获得神秘的武器时,仿若变身成为商务赛亚人,拥有更强、更快、更高的能量。让工作更高效,让成功更快捷。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

An Analysis of the Criteria for Evaluating Adequate Theories of Computation

This paper deals with the question: What are the criteria that an adequate theory of computation has to meet? (1) Smith’s answer: it has to meet the empirical criterion (i.e. doing justice to computational practice), the conceptual criterion (i.e. explaining all the underlying concepts) and the cognitive criterion (i.e. providing solid grounds for computationalism). (2) Piccinini’s answer: it has to meet the objectivity criterion (i.e. identifying computation as a matter of fact), the explanation criterion (i.e. explaining the computer’s behaviour), the right things compute criterion, the miscomputation criterion (i.e. accounting for malfunctions), the taxonomy criterion (i.e. distinguishing between different classes of computers) and the empirical criterion. (3) Von Neumann’s answer: it has to meet the precision and reliability of computers criterion, the single error criterion (i.e. addressing the impacts of errors) and the distinction between analogue and digital computers criterion. (4) “Everything” computes answer: it has to meet the implementation theory criterion by properly explaining the notion of implementation.     

一种面向查询的多文档摘要方法

面向查询的多文档摘要技术有两个难点 第一,为了保证摘要与查询密切相关,容易造成摘要内容重复,不够全面;第二,原始查询难以完整描述查询意图,需进行查询扩展,而现有查询扩展方法多依赖于外部语义资源。针对以上问题,该文提出一种面向查询的多文档摘要方法,利用主题分析技术识别出当前主题下的子主题,综合考虑句子所在的子主题与查询的相关度以及子主题的重要度两方面因素来选择摘要句,并根据词语在子主题之间的共现信息,在不使用任何外部知识的情况下,进行查询扩展。在DUC2006评测语料上的实验结果表明,与Baseline系统相比,该系统取得了更高的ROUGE评价值,基于子主题的查询扩展方法则进一步提高了摘要的质量。     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

A method of defuzzification based on the approach of areas' ratio

The new method of defuzzification of output parameters from the base of fuzzy rules for a Mamdani fuzzy controller is given in the paper. The peculiarity of the method is the usage of the universal equation for the area computation of the geometric shapes. During the realization of fuzzy inference linguistic terms, the structure changes from the triangular into a trapezoidal shape. That is why the universal equation is used. The method is limited and can be used only for the triangular and trapezoidal membership functions. Gaussian functions can also be used while modifying the proposed method. Traditional defuzzification models such as Middle of Maxima − MoM, First of Maxima − FoM, Last of Maxima − LoM, First of Suppport − FoS, Last of Support − LoS, Middle of Support − MoS, Center of Sums − CoS, Model of Height − MoH have a number of systematic errors: curse of dimensionality, partition of unity condition and absence of additivity. The above-mentioned methods can be seen as Center of Gravity − CoG, which has the same errors. These errors lead to the fact that accuracy of fuzzy systems decreases, because during the training root mean square error increases. One of the reasons that provokes the errors is that some of the activated fuzzy rules are excluded from the fuzzy inference. It is also possible to increase the accuracy of the fuzzy system through properties of continuity. The proposed method guarantees fulfilling of the property of continuity, as the intersection point of the adjustment linguistic terms equals 0.5 when a parametrized membership function is used. The causes of errors and a way to delete them are reviewed in the paper. The proposed method excludes errors which are inherent to the traditional and non- traditional models of defuzzification. Comparative analysis of the proposed method of defuzzification with traditional and non-traditional models shows its effectiveness.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

Impact of cognitive theory on the practice of courseware authoring

Abstract The cognitive revolution has yielded unprecedented progress in our understanding of higher cognitive processes such as remembering and learning. It is natural to expect this scientific breakthrough to inform and guide the design of instruction in general and computer-based instruction in particular. In this paper I survey the different ways in which recent advances in cognitive theory might influence the design of computer-based instruction and spell out their implications for the design of authoring tools and tutoring system shells. The discussion will be divided into four main sections. The first two sections deal with the design and the delivery of instruction. The third section analyzes the consequences for authoring systems. In the last section I propose a different way of thinking about this topic.     

CONFLUENT POSSIBILITY DISTRIBUTIONS AND THEIR REPRESENTATIONS

Possibilistic distributions admit both measures of uncertainty and (metric) distances defining their information closeness. For general pairs of distributions these measures and metrics were first introduced in the form of integral expressions. Particularly important are pairs of distributions p and q which have consonant ordering—for any two events x and y in the domain of discourse p(x)⪋ p(y) if and only if q(x) ⪋ q(y). We call such distributions confluent and study their information distances.

This paper presents discrete sum form of uncertainty measures of arbitrary distributions, and uses it to obtain similar representations of metrics on the space of confluent distributions. Using these representations, a number of properties like additivity. monotonicity and a form of distributivity are proven. Finally, a branching property is introduced, which will serve (in a separate paper) to characterize axiomatically possibilistic information distances.     

CCD camera modeling and simulation

In this paper we propose a modeling of an acquisition line made up of a CCD camera, a lens and a frame grabber card. The purpose of this modeling is to simulate the acquisition process in order to obtain images of virtual objects. The response time has to be short enough to permit interactive simulation. All the stages are modelised: in the first phase, we present a geometric model which supplies a point to point transformation that provides, for a space point in the camera field, the corresponding point on the plane of the CCD sensor. The second phase consists of modeling the discrete space which implies passing from the continous known object view to a discrete image, in accordance with the different orgin of the contrast loss. In the third phase, the video signal is reconstituted in order to be sampled by the frame grabber card. The practical results are close to reality when compared to image processing. This tool makes it possible to obtain a short computation time simulation of a vision sensor. This enables interactivity either with the user or with software for the design/simulation of an industrial workshop equipped with a vision system. It makes testing possible and validates the choice of sensor placement and image processing and analysis. Thanks to this simulation tool, we can control perfectly the position of the object image placed under the camera and in this way, we can characterise the performance of subpixel accuracy determining methods for object positioning.     

Gain-scheduled H ∞ filtering of parameter-varying discrete-time systems via parameter-dependent Lyapunov functions

This paper is concerned with the problem of gain-scheduled H _∞ filter design for a class of parameter-varying discrete-time systems. A new LMI-based design approach is proposed by using parameter-dependent Lyapunov functions. Recommended by Editorial Board member Huanshui Zhang under the direction of Editor Jae Weon Choi. This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of P. R. China under Grants 60874058, by 973 program No 2009CB320600, but also the National Natural Science Foundation of Province of Zhejiang under Grants Y107056, and in part by a Research Grant from the Australian Research Council. Shaosheng Zhou received the B.S. degree in Applied Mathematics and the M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering, in January 1992, July 1996 and October 2001, from Qufu Normal University and Southeast University. His research interests include nonlinear control and stochastic systems. Baoyong Zhang received the B.S. and M.Sc. degrees in Applied Mathematics, in July 2003 and July 2006, all from Qufu Normal University. His research interests include and nonlinear systems, robust control and filtering. Wei Xing Zheng received the B.Sc. degree in Applied Mathematics and the M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering, in January 1982, July 1984 and February 1989, respectively, all from the Southeast University, Nanjing, China. His research interests include signal processing and system identification.