铈浓度对ZrH1.8 微弧氧化膜层阻氢性能的影响

利用微弧氧化技术在电解液中加入不同含量的铈,制备了阻氢性能良好的二氧化铈稳定氧化锆（ceria-stabilized zirconia, CSZ）陶瓷膜。利用涂层测厚仪、涂层附着力自动划痕仪、扫描电子显微镜、X射线能谱仪、X射线衍射仪、X射线光电子能谱仪和真空脱氢实验对膜层的厚度、结合力、形貌、相结构、元素化学价态和膜层的阻氢性能进行了测试和表征。结果表明：CSZ陶瓷膜主要由单斜相氧化锆（m-ZrO₂）、四方相氧化锆（t-ZrO₂）和t-Zr_0.82Ce_0.18O₂组成。随铈浓度的增加,膜层厚度逐渐增加。当铈浓度为9mol%时,陶瓷膜厚度为135.5 μm,结合力为52.46 N,膜层具有优异的阻氢性能,阻氢渗透因子为19。铈的加入抑制了t-ZrO₂向m-ZrO₂的相转变,促进了高温稳定t-ZrO₂的生成。     

恒压模式下电源频率对ZrH_(1.8)表面微弧氧化陶瓷层的影响

在磷酸盐体系下,采用恒压模式对氢化锆(Zr H1.8)进行微弧氧化。考察了电源频率对氧化膜的厚度、相结构、截面形貌以及阻氢性能的影响。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、膜层测厚仪分析了氧化膜的表面形貌、截面形貌、相结构及膜层厚度。通过真空脱氢实验评估膜层的阻氢性能。结果表明:随着电源频率的增加,Zr H1.8表面微弧氧化膜层厚度由约50μm仅减小至约45μm;电源频率的增加能有效提高膜层的致密性;电源频率的改变对于膜层的相结构没有明显影响,膜层主要由单斜相氧化锆(M-Zr O2)和四方相氧化锆(T-Zr O1.88)构成,其中单斜相占80%以上;电源频率的增加有助于提高氧化膜的阻氢效果,当电源频率增加到300 Hz时,氧化膜的氢渗透降低因子PRF值高达10.8。     

Na_2SiO_3溶液体系ZrH_(1.8)表面微弧氧化陶瓷层的研究

在Na2Si O3+Na OH+Na2EDTA体系下,采用恒压模式对氢化锆进行微弧氧化处理获得Zr O2陶瓷层。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)仪、电子能谱(EDS)仪,分析了陶瓷层的表面形貌、截面形貌、相结构及陶瓷层的元素分布。结果表明:在硅酸盐体系中,通过恒压模式在Zr H1.8表面制得膜厚约为45m的Zr O2陶瓷膜,膜层分为过渡层、致密层和疏松层。EDS结果表明:微弧氧化陶瓷层中除基体元素Zr及溶液元素O外,未发现Si、Na等溶液元素的出现,说明Si O2-3、Na+等没有参与反应;在硅酸盐体系中Zr H1.8表面微弧氧化陶瓷层主要由M-Zr O2、T-Zr O2及C-Zr O2构成,M-Zr O2约90%。     

磷酸盐体系下氧化时间对氢化锆表面微弧氧化膜的影响

在磷酸盐体系下,采用恒压模式对氢化锆进行微弧氧化。考察了微弧氧化时间对氧化膜的厚度、结构、表面形貌、截面形貌以及阻氢性能的影响。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、膜层测厚仪分析了氧化膜的表面形貌、截面形貌、相结构及膜层厚度。通过真空脱氢实验评估膜层的阻氢性能。结果表明:随着氧化时间的延长氢化锆表面微弧氧化膜层厚度由65.2μm增大至95.4μm;氧化膜的生长速度随着氧化时间的延长而逐渐降低;氧化时间对于膜层的结构没有明显影响,膜层主要由单斜相氧化锆(M-ZrO2)和四方相氧化锆(T-ZrO2)构成;氧化时间的增加有助于提高氧化膜的致密性和阻氢效果,当氧化时间为25 min时,氧化膜的PRF值达到最大值11.6。     

纳米 α-Al2O3添加剂对铝合金微弧氧化膜层性能的影响

目的探究微弧氧化电解液中纳米α-Al2O3的浓度对铝合金微弧氧化膜层组织和性能的影响。方法在硅酸盐体系电解液中加入1~5 g/L纳米α-Al2O3,微弧氧化获得不同的陶瓷膜层,对膜层的微观结构、厚度、硬度和耐腐蚀性能进行分析。结果膜层的主要组成相为α-Al2O3、γ-Al2O3和SiO2。当纳米α-Al2O3添加量为3 g/L时,膜层表面微裂纹少,孔隙率小,厚度达70μm,硬度为513HV,耐腐蚀性能好。结论硅酸盐电解液中加入纳米α-Al2O3,能够改善铝合金微弧氧化膜层的综合性能。     

C3H8O3含量对AZ91D镁合金微弧氧化过程及膜层特性的影响

在含有不同C₃H₈O₃含量的硅铝复合电解液中,利用交流脉冲电源在AZ91D镁合金基体上制备了一系列微弧氧化膜。利用SEM和膜层测厚仪分别研究了陶瓷膜层的微观形貌特征及厚度,采用全浸泡实验和电化学阻抗谱测试了膜层在3.5%NaCl中性溶液中的耐蚀性能。结果表明,微弧氧化过程中的起弧电压和终止电压均随C₃H₈O₃含量的增加而呈上升的变化趋势。随着C₃H₈O₃含量的增加,膜层耐蚀性先提高后降低,而膜厚变化幅度不大。膜层的耐蚀性主要取决于内部致密层,当C₃H₈O₃含量为5 mL/L时,膜层相对较致密,因而表现出良好的耐蚀性能。     

硅酸盐体系电解液浓度对ZrH_(1.8)表面微弧氧化陶瓷层的影响

采用恒压模式分别在不同浓度Na2SiO3电解液体系下对ZrH1.8表面进行微弧氧化处理,利用X射线衍射(XRD)仪、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、膜层测厚仪测试了陶瓷层的相结构、表面形貌、截面形貌及厚度,通过真空脱氢实验评估了陶瓷层的阻氢性能。研究结果表明:当Na2SiO3浓度在6~14 g/L变化时,陶瓷层的厚度在25~61μm范围内。随着Na2SiO3浓度的增加,电解液的电导率线性增大,微弧氧化陶瓷层厚度逐渐减小。氢化锆表面微弧氧化陶瓷层由致密层和疏松层构成,靠近基体一侧为致密层,陶瓷层外层为疏松层,在疏松层中存在空洞和裂纹缺陷。陶瓷层由单斜相氧化锆(M-ZrO2)和四方相氧化锆(T-ZrO1.88)构成,且以单斜相氧化锆(M-Zr O2)为主,随着电解液中Na2SiO3浓度的增加,四方相T-ZrO1.88在陶瓷层中比例增大。综合比较,在Na2SiO3浓度为8 g/L的电解液体系下可以获得厚度适中,表面平整,致密性较好,阻氢性能优异的陶瓷层,陶瓷层的PRF值达到最大值10.8。     

Na_5P_3O_(10)体系氢化锆表面微弧氧化陶瓷层组织与阻氢性能的研究

在Na_5P_3O_(10)+NaOH+Na_2EDTA体系下,采用恒压模式对氢化锆进行微弧氧化处理获得连续、致密且裂纹、孔洞等缺陷较少的ZrO_2陶瓷层。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)及能谱(EDS)仪,分析了陶瓷层的表面形貌、截面形貌、相结构及元素分布。通过真空脱氢实验及XRD分析对陶瓷层的阻氢性能进行评价。结果表明:氢化锆表面ZrO_2陶瓷膜厚度约为78μm,陶瓷层由过渡层、致密层和疏松层构成;ZrH_(1.8)表面微弧氧化陶瓷层主要由M-ZrO_2、T-ZrO_2及C-ZrO_2构成,主要为M-ZrO_2,约90%;微弧氧化陶瓷层氢渗透降低因子(PRF)高达11.7,具有优越的阻氢效果。     

CuO/Al2O3微弧氧化复合膜层的制备及催化性能

采用电解液修饰法,利用微弧氧化技术直接在铝基体上制备CuO/Al2O3微弧氧化复合膜层,研究复合膜层表面元素的结合状态以及电参数对复合化膜层表面形貌和孔径的影响,探讨复合膜层对甲基橙溶液的催化降解作用。结果表明:利用微弧氧化技术可一步制备出CuO/A12O3复合膜层,且CuO晶格氧含量可达33.7%(质量分数);随着电压、占空比的增大和频率的减小,复合膜层表面微孔的孔径增加,孔数目减少,粗糙程度增加;复合膜层在常温常压下催化10 h可使甲基橙溶液降解率达到70%左右。     

Ti6Al4V钛合金表面Al2O3颗粒改性微弧氧化涂层制备及性能

微弧氧化技术是一门新的表面处理技术,在很多领域有着广泛的应用前景,但其结构受限于电解液成分。本文通过在磷酸盐电解液中加入Al2O3陶瓷颗粒,使得在Ti6Al4V钛合金表面的微弧氧化涂层结构和性能得到改性。涂层的结构和性能通过扫描电镜和XRD衍射仪进行表征和测试,涂层的抗高温氧化性能和热震性能通过高温热循环氧化试验和热震试验进行测试。结果表明,通过在电解液中添加Al2O3陶瓷颗粒,涂层由Al2TiO5 and TiO2组成,涂层更为致密,表现出更为优异的抗高温氧化和热震性能。电解液中游动的Al2O3陶瓷颗粒在微弧氧化过程中被吸入到样品表面并进入涂层,涂层的结构和性能得到改性。     

Ionic conductivity and Raman investigations on the phase transformations of Na4P2O7

The ionic conductivity and thermo-Raman spectra of anhydrous sodium pyrophosphate Na₄P₂O₇ were measured dynamically in the temperature range from 25 to 600 °C with a heating rate of 2 °C min⁻¹ to understand the structural evolution and phase transformation involved. The DSC thermogram was also measured in the same thermal process for the phase transformation investigation. The spectral variations observed in the thermo-Raman investigation indicated the transformation of Na₄P₂O₇ from low temperature phase () to high temperature phase () proceeded through pre-transitional region from 75 to 410 °C before the major orientational disorder at 420 °C and minor structural modifications at 511, 540 and 560 °C. The activation energies and enthalpies of the proposed phase transformations were determined. The possible mechanism for temperature dependent conductivity in Na₄P₂O₇ was discussed with the available data.     

Thermodynamics and phase diagrams in the binary systems Na2O-SiO2, Na2O-GeO2, Na2O-B2O3, Li2O-B2O3, CaO-B2O3, SrO-B2O3, and BaO-B2O3

We applied our model to the enthalpy of mixing data of the binary systems Na₂O-SiO₂, Na₂O-GeO₂, Na₂O-B₂O₃, Li₂O-B₂O₃, CaO-B₂O₃, SrO-B₂O₃, and BaO-B₂O₃. The most stable composition in the liquid, that is where the enthalpy of mixing is most negative, is with a metal-oxygen ratio of 4 to 3, for monovalent metals (Na and Li) and 3 to 4 for divalent metals (Ba and Ca) in liquid silicates or borates. The same applies to the CaO-SiO₂, CaO-Al₂O₃, PbO-B₂O₃, PbO-SiO₂, ZnO-B₂O₃, and ZnO-SiO₂ systems. The oxygen to metal ratio, its constant value in various types of systems, reflects and describes the structure of the liquid. Using the analyzed enthalpies of mixing data and the available phase diagrams, we calculated the enthalpies of formation of the various binary compounds. The results are in excellent agreement with data in the literature that were obtained from direct solid-solid calorimetry.     

La2O3对钢基陶瓷涂层组织与性能的影响

采用热化学反应法在中碳钢(45钢)基体上,以稀土氧化镧(La2O3)为添加剂,制备A12O3陶瓷涂层,并对其组织和性能进行测试和分析.结果表明:稀土氧化镧(La2O3)可以改善陶瓷涂层的组织及性能,陶瓷涂层的硬度和耐蚀性明显提高;添加了稀土氧化镧(La2O3)的A12O3陶瓷涂层,在900℃固化时有MgFeZr3O4、MgSiO3等新相生成;当陶瓷涂层中稀土添加剂(La2O3)含量约为1.19％时,涂层组织更加致密,涂层与基体的冶金结合更加明显,涂层耐蚀性能更好.     

Thermodynamic optimization of the Na2O-B2O3 pseudo-binary system

The Na₂O-B₂O₃ system is thermodynamically optimized by means of the CALPHAD method. A two-sublattice ionic solution model, (Na⁺¹)_P(O⁻²,BO₃ ⁻³,B₄O₇ ⁻²,B₃O_4.5)_Q, has been used to describe the liquid phase. All the solid phases were treated as stoichiometric compounds. A set of thermodynamic parameters, which can reproduce most experimental data of both phase diagram and thermodynamic properties, was obtained. Comparisons between the calculated results and experimental data are presented.     

Phase equilibria in the system La2O3-BaO-P2O5: The partial system LaPO4-Ba2P2O7-Ba(PO3)2

The LaPO₄-Ba₂P₂O₇-Ba(PO₃)₂ portion of the oxide La₂O₃-BaO-P₂O₅ system has been investigated. Important parts of this investigation were the determination of equilibria in the LaPO₄-Ba(PO₃)₂ subsystem and the addition of liquidus data to the partially known LaPO₄-Ba(PO₃)₂-Ba₂P₂O₇ subsystem. These data were combined with known data from the LaPO₄-Ba₂P₂O₇ subsystem and with measurements of the equilibria within the LaPO₄-Ba₃P₄O₁₃ isopleth to determine the nature of the phase equilibria in the quasi-ternary LaPO₄-Ba₂P₂O₇-Ba(PO₃)₂ system.     

Al2O3对硅酸盐矿物涂层耐蚀性能的影响

采用热化学反应法在Q235钢基体表面制备陶瓷涂层.分别采用阜新(A)和内蒙古(B)的天然硅酸盐矿物为原料,以对比Al2O3对涂层耐蚀性能的影响.用XRD分析其相结构,并研究了涂层的耐蚀性.结果表明,涂层A与骨料相比新相有CaSiO3、AlPO4;涂层B有FeNi3、AlNi3、Al75Ni10Fe15和Cr2O3等新相.涂层A耐酸、盐性相对基体分别提高11.5倍和1.3倍,涂层B耐酸、盐性相对基体分别提高7.5倍和1.2倍.     

氧化钠对CaO-Al2O3-SiO2三元系铝酸钙形成规律的影响（英文）

利用XRD、SEMEDS和DSCTG技术研究了添加Na2O的CaO-Al2O3-SiO2体系中铝酸钙的形成规律。结果表明,当Al2O3与SiO2的质量比为3.0、CaO与Al2O3的摩尔比为1.0时,在1350°C烧结后的熟料主要由12CaO·7Al2O3、2CaO·Al2O3·SiO2和2CaO·SiO2组成。熟料中12CaO·7Al2O3的含量随着Na2O的增加而增加,2CaO·Al2O3·SiO2的含量随着Na2O的增加而降低。Na2O在12CaO·7Al2O3中形成固溶体,增加了其单位晶胞体积。DSC分析表明,Na2O不仅促进了12CaO·7Al2O3的形成,而且使C12A7的形成温度降低了30°C。烧结熟料中的氧化铝溶出性能随着Na2O的增加而大幅度提高。     

Al2O3/Au Composite Coating on Stainless Steel Prepared by Electro-deposition

Tritium permeation barriers on stainless steels are required in fusion technology in order to reduce the tritium permeation rate through the structural material into the cooling water system.Preparation of tritium permeation barrier Al2O3 is an important way to solve the problem of leakage of tritium permeation.It is worth to note that the noble Au is an excellent barrier of hydrogen dissolution.Al2O3/Au composite coating was designed for potential tritium permeation barrier on stainless steel.The alternation coatings have been prepared by electrochemical deposition method.The processing parameters and subsequent sinter temperature for composite coatings were optimized.The oxidation resistance of the coating has been tested.A hydrogen diffusion test simulating tritium permeation has been conducted to compare the sample with and without coating.Microstructure was examined by scanning electron microcopy(SEM).The results showed Al2O3/Au multi-alternation coatings can be prepared on the surface of stainless steel at the case of controlling processing well.The coatings have the characteristic of high temperature oxidation resistance and good hydrogen permeability barrier.The tritium permeation should be study further.     

热震对包覆ZrB2-SiC-La2O3/SiC涂层渗硅石墨力学性能的影响

采用涂刷法和包埋法在渗硅石墨基体表面制备了双层结构的ZrB₂-SiC-La₂O₃/SiC防护涂层,与表面无包覆涂层的渗硅石墨作对比,采用三点弯曲实验方法研究了热震对其力学性能的影响。结果表明,1500℃到室温之间循环热震10次后,表面无包覆涂层的样品单位面积氧化失重为52.1 mg/cm²,弯曲强度保持率仅为52.0%;而包覆涂层样品单位面积氧化增重为5.6 mg/cm²,弯曲强度保持率达78.5%,包覆ZrB2-SiC-La2O3/SiC涂层的样品热震后能保持良好的力学性能。在热震过程中ZrB₂-SiC-La₂O₃/SiC涂层氧化生成的氧化层可有效地保护石墨基体不被氧化,避免了样品内部各种缺陷的产生,从而提高了其弯曲强度。     

Y2O3—AlO3对SiC纤维烧结特性的影响

研究了纳米Y2O3－Al2O3在烧结时形成液相YAG9yttrium-aluminum garnet)对SiC纤维烧结特性的影响。实验结果表明,液相YAG的形成可以有效地提高SiC纤维的密度,在较低的烧结温度下达到完全致密,同时使纤维的强度由168MPa提高到844MPa。当烧结温度高于1800℃时,纤维中各组份间发生化学反应,产生的气体逸出后,在纤维组织中留下孔隙,使纤维强度降低。