苯乙烯-马来酸酐无规共聚物合金的应用

分别介绍了苯乙烯—马来酸酐无规共聚物(SMA)与通用树脂、工程树脂共混制取合金后的力学性能；提供了透明、抗冲SMA本身性能改善的途径，以及改善其它树脂性能的思路；列举了EPDM接枝物、ABS增韧SMA效果，以及抗冲SMA改善PET等树脂性能的效果。接枝物或增容剂的使用能有效地提高合金性能。     

阻燃高光泽PC/ABS合金的制备

制备了高光泽聚碳酸酯(PC),丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)合金,用TiO2和磷酸酯改善合金的表面硬度和阻燃性能;用甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、丙烯酸树脂和乙烯的三元共聚物,乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯共聚物(1125AC),苯乙烯接枝马来酸酐共聚物(SMA)作相容剂改善PC/ABS合金的相容性;通过测试合金的光泽度和表面硬度探...     

PPO/PA合金研究进展

回顾了聚苯醚(PPO)/聚酰胺(PA)合金在近期取得的研究成果。将PPO和PA共混,可以把两者的优点结合起来,但是这两种材料热力学不相容,影响了材料的力学性能。为了达到增容效果,一方面可以添加相容剂,马来酸酐接枝三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM-g-MAH)、苯乙烯-乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SEBS)、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)、苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物(SMA)、马来酸酐接枝聚苯醚(PPO-g-MAH)和马来酸酐接枝苯乙烯-乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SEBS-g-MAH)等都具有增容作用;另一方面采用合适的加工工艺,也可以有效增加两者的相容性,改善材料的性能。     

环氧化三元乙丙胶与苯乙烯—马来酸酐共聚物的共混行为研究

利用反应共混技术实现了环氧化三元乙丙橡胶（e-EPDM）对苯乙烯－马来酸酐（SMA）共聚物的增韧改性。以EPDM／SMA共混体系为参比,考察了共混物结构、流变行为、冲击性能和断面形态。结果表明,e－EPDM与SMA反应共混可原位形成偶联接枝产物,改善共混体系的相容程度,提高SMA的韧性。     

苯乙烯系树脂和聚烯烃的共混物

聚烯烃(PO)和苯乙烯系树脂(PS)共混可改进PS的耐环境应力开裂性(ESCR)、PO的刚性、热成型性。两种树脂是不相容树脂,以较多的量进行共混时,需要加入相容剂。常用的相容剂是氢化苯乙烯、烯烃嵌段共聚物或苯乙烯接枝的乙烯、丙烯、二烯烃三元共聚物橡胶。大部分PO/PS共混物的开发工作针对包装应用,以适应包装用品对刚性、撕裂性、耐油脂性、热成型性、抗冲性、ESCR性能的要求。本文通过十几篇相关专利总结了PO/PS共混物的开发动向。     

ACS树脂的制备,性能和应用

1 概述ACS树脂是将丙烯腈(AN)和苯乙烯(St)接枝到氯化聚乙烯(CPE)弹性体的主链上,形成三元接枝共聚物的一种新型高分子材料。众所周知,具有卓越综合性能的ABS树脂(丙烯腈一丁二烯—苯乙烯三元共聚物)其韧性、刚性、加工性和耐化学药品等性能优异,是一种用途广泛的工程塑料。但ABS树脂中的橡胶成份丁二烯含有     

抗冲改性剂

抗冲改性剂丙烯酸接枝共聚物的制备；丙烯酸接枝聚合物抗冲改性剂及树脂组成物；PVC用加工改性剂。     

高性能PA6/ABS合金的研制

分别以接枝ABS、苯乙烯-马来酸酐接枝物（SMA）和苯基马来酰亚胺共聚物为相容剂,考察了它们对PA6/ABS共混体系相容性和力学性能的影响。并研究了PA6/ABS共混体系中PA6、ABS树脂的选择对共混物冲击韧性的影响。研究表明,接枝ABS、SMA和苯基马来酰亚胺共聚物都是PA6/ABS共混体系的有效增容剂,能显著改善PA6/ABS共混物的相容性并提高共混物的机械力学性能。选用高粘度的PA6树脂有利于提高共混体系的冲击韧性,提高高胶含量ABS用量有助于获得高低温冲击性能优异的PA6/ABS合金材料。     

NR吸油材料的制备及性能研究

以甲基丙烯酸十八酯-丙烯酸丁酯-苯乙烯（SMA—BA-St）共聚物作吸油剂、NR接枝共聚物作相容剂制备NR吸油材料并对其性能进行研究。结果表明，SMA—BA—St共聚物与NR接枝马来酸酐（接枝率为27．07％）用量比为10／5时制得的NR吸油材料吸油性能、耐热老化性能和热稳定性能好，强度高，具有较高的实用价值。     

阻燃高光泽PC/PMMA合金的制备与性能研究

以聚碳酸酯(PC)和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)为主要原料,通过共混获得表面光泽性能优异的合金;利用无卤阻燃剂磷酸酯来改善合金的阻燃性能;使用苯乙烯马来酸酐无规共聚物(SMA)、乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯三元共聚物、苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物(SAN)、乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物(EAA)以及乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯(1125)五种不同相容剂来改善PC/PMMA合金体系的相容性。结果发现SAN/1125能够有效地改善体系的相容性;加入8份的磷酸酯体系的阻燃性能可达到V-0级(3.2 mm)。     

二釜串联连续本体法制备SMA

用二釜串联连续本体工艺制备苯乙烯-顺丁烯二酸酐无规共聚物,分别研究并获得了首釜和第二釜的启动操作策略和稳态工艺条件。     

分子量调节剂TDM用量对PB-g-SAN中SAN接枝率、接枝效率及对ABS树脂性能的影响

采用乳液聚合合成100nm小粒子PB胶乳,然后通过附聚合成300 nm的橡胶粒子接枝共聚SAN,通过调节分子量调节剂TDM用量合成一系列PB-g-SAN共聚物.将这些共聚物与SAN树脂熔融共混制的ABS树脂,研究TDM用量对接枝SAN和ABS树脂性能的影响.     

Grafting cellulose acetate with styrene maleic anhydride random copolymers for improved dimensional stability of cellulose acetate

Graft copolymers of cellulose acetate (CA, d.s.:2.45) with styrene maleic anhydride random copolymers (SMAs) were synthesized by reacting the hydroxyls on CA backbone with the anhydride on SMA. The formation of graft copolymers leads to compatibilized blends with microscopic phase domains under appropriate conditions. The grafting reaction was studied in detail. The uniform dispersion of SMA in the CA matrix brings new properties to the grafting reaction products. Tests from acetone-cast films showed improved dimensional stability in comparison to cellulose acetate; i.e., in the presence of 50% SMA in the formulation, there is more than 50% reduction on the dimensional change as compared to CA. The dimensional stability of the grafting products is better or comparable to cellulose triacetate. There are, for the alloys, reduced moisture adsorption, improved tensile strength, tensile modulus, reduced elongation, as compared to cellulose acetate. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Polymer blends with modified coupling agent. II. Effects of LICA 44 grafted styrene–maleic anhydride copolymer on properties of flame retardant acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene blends

Flame retardant acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (FR‐ABS) blends were prepared by blending tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBA) and antimony trioxide (Sb₂O₃) into the ABS resin. LICA 44 grafted styrene–maleic anhydride (SMA‐g‐L44) copolymers were used as high molecular weight (MW) coupling agents to modify the properties of the FR‐ABS blends, and the copolymers with different LICA 44 grafting ratios were produced via the in vivo and the in situ reactions, respectively. The LICA 44 percentage and the MW of the SMA‐g‐L44 copolymers are important factors influencing the effects of the high MW coupling agent. The impact strength and the tensile yield stress of SMA‐g‐L44 modified FR‐ABS blends increased obviously. The elongation at break and the limiting oxygen index of which also showed an increasing trend after the modification. The coupling effect of SMA‐g‐L44 became weaker at a higher grafting ratio. SEM observation showed that the interfacial boundary in the FR‐ABS became fuzzy after using the SMA‐g‐L44 copolymers. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 71: 865–874, 1999     

Blends of bisphenol A polycarbonate and rubber‐toughened styrene–maleic anhydride copolymers

The morphology and mechanical properties of polycarbonate (PC) blends with rubber‐toughened styrene–maleic anhydride copolymer materials (TSMA) were investigated and compared with the properties of blends of PC with acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) materials. The PC/TSMA blends showed similar composition dependence of properties as the comparable PC/ABS blends. Polycarbonate blends with TSMA exhibited higher notched Izod impact toughness than pure PC under sharp‐notched conditions but the improvements are somewhat less than observed for similar blends with ABS. Since PC is known for its impact toughness except under sharp‐notched conditions, this represents a significant advantage of the rubber‐modified blends. PC blends with styrene–maleic anhydride copolymer (SMA) were compared to those with a styrene–acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN). The trends in blend morphology and mechanical properties were found to be qualitatively similar for the two types of copolymers. PC/SMA blends are nearly transparent or slightly pearlescent. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 74: 1508–1515, 1999     

Acrylic acid containing copolymers as reactive compatibilitzers for toughening nylon 6

Nylon 6 has been toughened by rubber particles that were dispersed within the matrix via additives that physically interact with the elastomer phase but chemically react with the polyamide phase. To disperse a core-shell impact modifier having a poly(methyl methacrylate) or PMMA shell, most of the work presented is based on the use of a styrene/acrylic acid copolymer containing 8 wt% acrylic acid, SAA8. SAA8 is miscible with PMMA and should located in the PMMA grafted chains of the impact modifier while chemically reacting with the nylon 6 matrix; hence, it should aid in both the dispersal and strenghtening the modifier-matrix interface. Microscopy and mechnical properties confirm that SAA8 does function in this way but less effectively than styrene/maleic anhydride copolymers, which are also miscible with PMMA but evidently react more effectively with the polyamides. The use of ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer for dispersal of the coreshell impact modifier and a styrene/ethylene-butene/styrene block copolymer in nylon 6 was also briefly considered. Low-temperature toughness of the blends proved to be a much more critical test of the effectiveness of such additives than room temperature impact strenght.     

Reactive mixing of PET and PET/PP blends with glycidyl methacrylate–modified styrene‐b‐(ethylene‐co‐olefin) block copolymers

Styrene‐b‐(ethylene‐co‐butylene)‐b‐styrene (SEBS) and styrene‐b‐(ethylene‐co‐propylene) (SEP, SEPSEP) block copolymers with different styrene contents and different numbers of blocks in the copolymer chain were functionalized by melt radical grafting with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and employed as compatibilizers for PET‐based blends. Binary blends of PET with both functionalized (SEBS‐g‐GMA, SEP‐g‐GMA, SEPSEP‐g‐GMA) and neat (SEBS, SEP, SEPSEP) copolymers (75 : 25 w/w) and ternary blends of PET and PP (75 : 25 w/w) with various amounts (2.5–10 phr) of both modified and unmodified copolymers were prepared in an internal mixer, and their properties were evaluated by SEM, DSC, melt viscosimetry, and tensile and impact tests. The roles of the chemical structure, grafting degree, and concentration of the various copolymers on blend compatibilization was investigated. The blends with the grafted copolymers showed a neat improvement of phase dispersion and interfacial adhesion compared to the blends with nonfunctionalized copolymers. The addition of grafted copolymers resulted in a marked increase in melt viscosity, which was accounted for by the occurrence of chemical reactions between the epoxide groups of GMA and the carboxyl/hydroxyl end groups of PET during melt mixing. Blends with SEPSEP‐g‐GMA and SEBS‐g‐GMA, at concentrations of 5–10 phr, showed a higher compatibilizing effect with enhanced elongation at break and impact resistance. The effectiveness of GMA‐functionalized SEBS was then compared to that of maleic anhydride–grafted SEBS. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 2201–2211, 2005     

SMA/PVC合金

介绍了国内外苯乙烯－马来酸酐无规共聚物（SMA）、聚氯乙烯（PVC）合金的研究进展，列举了文献报道的SMA／PVC合金配方、加工方式，并以图示的方式阐述了合金的耐热性、阻燃性、加工性与SMA含量的关系。用国产SMA制备SMA／PVC合金，表明SMA不仅能起耐热作用，而且能缩短PVC塑化时间；对制样方法研究后表明：双辊开炼工艺制得的试样力学性能比注塑的好。     

In situ compatibilization of polystyrene/polyethylene blends using amino-methacrylate-grafted polyethylene

Blends of a styrene–maleic anhydride copolymer (SMA) with polyethlene (PE) or polyethylene melt grafted with tertiary (PE-g-DMAEMA) or secondary (PE-g-tBAEMA) amino methacrylate were prepared by blending in a batch melt mixer. The morphology of these blends at various compositions was examined with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and related to their tensile and impact properties. The SMA/PE blends are found to have the typical coarse morphology of incompatible blends and poor mechanical properties, while their reactive conterparts, SMA/PE-g-DMAEMA or SMA/PE-g-tBAEMA blends, show finer morphology and modestly improved tensile and impact strength. This was attributed to chemical interaction of the acidic anhydride and the basic amino groups. The greater improvement in morphology for SMA/PE-g-tBAEMA than for SMA/PE-g-DMAEMA suggests a stronger interaction between the secondary amino groups and the anhydride groups, possibly with the formation of SMA-g-tBAEMA-g-PE graft polymer through amide covalent bonds. The amide formation appears to occur at the interfacial region in the blends and is too little to be detected by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra. However, differential scanning calorimeters (DSC) and the viscosity measurements indicate crystallinity and molecular weight changes for the SMA/PE-g-tBAEMA blends, supporting an argument for the formation of SMA-g-tBAEMA-g-PE grafts at the phase interface.     

橡胶增韧苯乙烯与马来酸酐共聚物的方法

对增韧无规苯乙烯/马来酸酐共聚物(SMA)的方法作了分类,并对国内外SMA研究方面的进展作了分析。可以认为,橡胶增韧无规SMA,无论从耐热、冲击性能,还是从价格/性能比而言,是一类值得开发的高分子材料。以不同品种橡胶(如乙丙橡胶、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯和丁基橡胶等)作增韧剂,通过不同的增韧方法,可以达到不同的增韧效果,满足不同的需求。