利用粘球形藻干酪根的动力学特征模拟塔中A井O_(2 3)碳酸盐岩段的生烃量

粘球形藻是塔里木盆地奥陶系海相碳酸盐岩烃源岩和全球奥陶系烃源岩的重要生烃母质。根据粘球形藻干酪根的热解实验和化学反应动力学串联一级反应原理 ,可求出该干酪根任意生烃率时的表观活化能、指前因子等动力学参数。借此建立了化学动力学生烃强度和生烃量求取模型 ,并模拟计算了塔中 A井 O2 3碳酸盐岩段在地质历史上的生烃强度和累积生烃量     

应用化学动力学计算生油岩生烃量

本文介绍了应用化学动力学计算生油岩生烃量技术,包括实验方法、多种热解动力学模型及其适用性、动力学参数的求取,并结合有关地质参数应用动力学模型计算现场不同埋深、不同生油岩的生烃率,从而估算油田工区的生油气量;并对胜利油田惠民凹陷、中原油田东濮凹陷和临清凹陷、辽东湾西部凹陷、江苏油田龙岗洼陷和吐哈油田进行了生烃量计算。     

成烃动力学模型在呼和湖凹陷烃源岩评价中的应用

本文利用标定的煤和干酪根成油、直接成气和油成气的化学动力学模型,结合研究区的古热史,对呼和湖凹陷烃源岩的生烃量(史)进行了定量评价。结果表明,成烃的动力学模型不仅可用于烃源岩生烃量(史)的定量计算,而且能为人们深入认识有机质的成烃机理和模式提供有益的启示。     

KINETICS OF HYDROCARBON GAS GENERATION FROM MARINE KEROGEN AND OIL: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE ORIGIN OF NATURAL GASES IN THE HETIANHE GASFIELD, TARIM BASIN, NW CHINA

In this paper we derive kinetic parameters for the generation of gaseous hydrocarbons (C_1‐5) and methane (C₁) from closed‐system laboratory pyrolysis of selected samples of marine kerogen and oil from the SW Tarim Basin. The activation energy distributions for the generation of both C_1‐5 (Ea = 59‐72kcal, A = 1.0×10¹⁴ s^?1) and C₁ (Ea = 61‐78kcal, A = 6.06×10¹⁴ s^?1) hydrocarbons from the marine oil are narrower than those for the generation of these hydrocarbons from marine kerogen (Ea = 50‐74kcal, A = 1.0×10¹⁴ s^?1 for C_1‐5; and Ea = 48‐72kcal, A=3.9×10¹³ s^?1 for C₁, respectively). Using these kinetic parameters, both the yields and timings of C_1‐5 and C₁ hydrocarbons generated from Cambrian source rocks and from in‐reservoir cracking of oil in Ordovician strata were predicted for selected wells along a north‐south profile in the SW of the basin. Thermodynamic conditions for the cracking of oil and kerogen were modelled within the context of the geological framework. It is suggested that marine kerogen began to crack at temperatures of around 120°C (or 0.8 %Ro) and entered the gas window at 138°C (or 1.05 %Ro); whereas the marine oil began to crack at about 140 °C (or 1.1 %Ro) and entered the gas window at 158 °C (or 1.6%Ro). The main geological controls identified for gas accumulations in the Bachu Arch (Southwest Depression, SW Tarim Basin) include the remaining gas potential following Caledonian uplift; oil trapping and preservation in basal Ordovician strata; the extent of breaching of Ordovician reservoirs; and whether reservoir burial depths are sufficiently deep for oil cracking to have occurred. In the Maigaiti Slope and Southwest Depression, the timing of gas generation was later than that in the Bachu Arch, with much higher yields and generation rates, and hence better prospects for gas exploration. It appears from the gas generation kinetics that the primary source for the gases in the Hetianhe gasfield was the Southwest Depression.     

江汉盆地潜江组未熟烃源岩生油量预测的化学动力学法

根据研究区未熟烃源岩样品热解实验求出的表观活化能与生烃率以及指前因子与表观活化能之间的关系建立了生烃化学反应动力学模型,该模型可计算任意埋深处的生烃率及任意埋深段的生烃强度,进而计算生烃量。应用该模型测算了江汉盆地JJ、QQ、XX凹陷潜江组未熟烃源岩在现今的累积生油强度和生油量。通过与其它两种生油量计算方法的对比表明,化学动力学法在生油量定量预测中是实用可信的。     

成煤环境不同类型烃源岩生排烃模式研究

该文运用热压模拟试验和油气地球化学等新技术,在系统分析和总结大量分析数据和地质资料的基础上,对成煤环境不同类型烃源岩的生排烃模式进行了深入细致和系统的研究.本中提出,成煤环境沉积的暗色泥岩、碳质泥岩和煤生烃能力差别很大,滨海(湖)沼泽煤及碳质泥岩多好于泥岩,而较深水—浅水湖(或海)沼泽泥岩多优于煤.作者还创建了煤系4种有机质类型和2种主要岩类的9种生排烃模式,并用实际地质剖面排烃模式进行了验证,指出成煤环境Ⅲ1-Ⅱ1型泥岩排油能力明显优于煤及碳质泥岩.      

徐家围子断陷深层烃源岩生烃条件研究

松辽盆地徐家围子断陷4套烃源岩中沙河子组暗色泥岩和煤层最为发育，其平均有机碳值分别为1.59%和32.8%，原始生烃潜力较大；有机质类型以Ⅲ型为主，少量为Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型，以生气为主；断陷边部烃源岩大都处于高成熟阶段，断陷中部沙河子组烃源岩R_o全部大于2.0%，处于过成熟阶段。徐家围子断陷从火石岭组沉积开始，大地热流值逐渐升高，白垩纪末期达到最大值2.3 HFU，然后地层逐渐冷却，大地热流值降至现今的1.75 HFU。徐深1井沙河子组暗色泥岩到现今的累积生气强度达到38×10⁸m³/km²，达到形成大气田的气源条件。距今90 Ma和80 Ma出现2次显著的生气高峰，对应泉头组沉积时期和姚家组沉积时期，区域盖层已经完全具有封闭能力，对天然气的后期保存比较有利。     

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文章根据气井天然气的性质,推导出了利用气井环空气柱压力,计算井底压力的精确求解数学模型与近似求解数学模型,提出了以近似求解数学模型计算结果为精确求解数学模型赋初值的计算程序和在气举工艺设计与诊断诊断中的实际应用。实际应用结果表明,本文推导、提出的数学模型与计算程序科学、合理、可靠、实用、不仅对这一课题的深化研究有着显著的促进作用,而且在解决采气工程的实际问题中具有显著的推广应用价值。