共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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介绍了O ,O 二甲基硫代磷酰氯的合成方法 ,并对主要的 3种O ,O 二甲基硫代磷酰氯的合成方法在工艺和成本上进行了分析比较 ,同时描述了该产品在国内的生产现状和发展趋势。 相似文献
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建立了以苯甲酸乙酯为内标物,气相色谱内标法定量测定O,O-二甲基硫代磷酰胺含量的新方法。线性回归方程y=0.6837x+0.0186,相关系数r为0.9994,加标回收率达到96.28%,相对标准偏差为1.09%。该方法简便、准确、可靠,适用于O,O-二甲基硫代磷酰胺的质量检验。 相似文献
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O ,O 二甲基硫代磷酰胺是一种重要农药中间体 ,其传统合成工艺是O ,O 二甲基硫代磷酰氯与氨水反应制取。该工艺存在废水污染、副产品不易回收、成本高等缺点。东营胜利电化有限责任公司采用气氨代替氨水、饱和氯化铵水溶液循环利用替代溶剂反应 ,成功地解决了废水污染、副产品回收问题 ,降低了生产成本 相似文献
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A problem for optimal plant retrofitting, aiming to minimize the acrylonitrile released in the atmosphere from a Gas Treatment Department at Acrylic Fibre Plant, is considered. The applied retrofit policy involves (i) substitution of a used solvent with an appropriate selected mixture; (ii) flowsheet superstructure definition; and (iii) process parameters and mixture composition determination, so as the environmental regulations at minimum total retrofit cost to be reached. The pointed steps are described and the results obtained are discussed. 相似文献
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Yasuharu Nakayama 《Journal of Coatings Technology》2000,72(900):57-62
A paint film crosslinked by a reaction between a carbonyl group and a hydrazide group could be easily decomposed by dipping it in a solution containing water, solvents, and acids. The method was studied to minimize the waste produced by the elimination of the decomposable paint film. This was performed in two steps: a dipping in aqueous solution containing solvents and acids, and a successive wash with solvents. Decomposition of the crosslinking bonds and the elution of the decomposed free crosslinker took place in the first dipping process, and the elimination of the decomposed resins in the second washing process. The aqueous solution could be used for a long time without contamination by the decomposed resins, and the decomposed resin could easily be recovered from the resin solution containing no other contaminants. 17-1 Higashi Yawata 4-Chome, Hiratsuka-Shi, Kanagawa-Ken 254-8562, Japan. 相似文献
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张汉铭 《化学工业与工程技术》2010,31(6):1-3
研究了氯乙酸氨解法制备甘氨酸的工艺条件,讨论了反应温度、催化剂用量和氨水浓度对氨解过程中氯乙酸转化率和甘氨酸产率的影响;研究了甲醇加入量和醇析温度对醇析过程中甘氨酸得率和纯度的影响。结果表明,氨解反应适宜温度为70~80℃,催化剂适宜用量为氯乙酸添加量的15%左右,氨水质量分数高有利于反应,在此工艺条件下氯乙酸的转化率达99.0%以上,反应液中甘氨酸的产率达98.0%以上;醇析过程中甲醇适宜加入量为氨解反应液体积的4.0~4.5倍,醇析温度选择在70~75℃之间,醇析过程中甘氨酸的得率大于79.0%,析出甘氨酸的纯度大于90.0%。 相似文献
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钯催化卤代芳烃进行氨解反应是构建C-N键的重要方法,由于该方法所需的催化剂量少、反应条件温和、应用范围广和操作简单,因而被广泛应用于芳香胺类化合物的制备与生产。本文对该反应机理进行了简介,对近年来钯催化卤代芳烃与氨、伯胺、仲胺和其他含氮化合物的氨解反应研究进展进行了综述。指出迄今为止高活性和高选择性的催化剂依然有限,氨作为氨解剂和低廉的氯代芳烃作为氨解底物的使用都还不够广泛。寻找新的配体、设计新的催化体系、提高反应选择性和改善反应对敏感官能团的容忍性,是钯催化卤代芳烃氨解反应领域未来的发展方向。另外,仔细研究反应机理将会加深对反应的理解。 相似文献
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W. L. Kohlhase E. H. Pryde J. C. Cowan 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1971,48(6):265-270
Catalysts for the ammonolysis of soybean oil are, in order of decreasing overall effectiveness, ammonium acetate, sodium methoxide,
9-amino-nonanoic acid, sodium soyate, ammonium nitrate, alanine, sodium acetate and glycerol. At 125 C, a reaction time of
1 hr and a 30:1 mole ratio of ammonia to ester, ammonium acetate achieved ammonolysis in 16%, 61% and 84% conversions at the
respective concentrations of 0.0, 0.1 and 1.0 mole per mole ester groups. Conversion was 98% complete in 4 hr with 1.0 mole.
The ammonolysis generally exhibited the expected first order kinetics up to about 80% reaction.
Presented at the ISF-AOCS Meeting, Chicago, September 1970.
No. Market. Nutr. Res. Div., ARS, USDA. 相似文献
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Alexander Ott Johannes Peter Leonore Wiehl Vasily Potapkin Ulrike I. Kramm Hans-Joachim Kleebe Ralf Riedel Emanuel Ionescu 《International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology》2022,19(2):838-846
Cellulose-based paper samples were surface-modified by a polymeric single-source precursor prepared from perhydropolysilazane (PHPS) and iron(III)acetylacetonate (Fe(acac)3) and ammonolyzed at 500°C, 700°C, 900°C, and 1000°C, leading to C/SiFe(N,C)O-based ceramic papers with in situ-generated hierarchical micro/nano-morphology. As reference, cellulose-free samples were prepared under the same conditions. Upon thermal treatment, the microstructure evolutions of the resulting ceramic paper and the reference sample were comparatively investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that for all temperatures, the ceramic papers exhibit the same morphology as the template, however, with noticeable shrinkage and curling, particularly evident at higher temperatures. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements of the reference samples and the ceramic papers showed a similar crystallization behavior and phase evolution in both materials. In the ceramic paper, the crystallization process seems to occur at a later time. The results provide a comprehensive understanding of the investigated C/SiFe(N,C)O-based ceramic system. It was shown that use of the cellulose-based paper template has the benefit of retaining the microstructure and furthermore, apart from transforming the cellulose fibers into turbostratic carbon, does not change the phase evolution during the polymer-to-ceramic transformation, allowing at the same time the manufacturing of novel morphologically complex parts by a convenient one-pot synthesis approach. 相似文献
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Electroplating industry annually produces numerous plated workpieces for U.S. pillar industries. However, it is also a major environment polluter in forms of wastewater, sludge, and spent solution. Thus, waste source reduction for the electroplating industry is a must. In practice, when productivity and energy use efficiency are also taken into account, the design and operation of an electroplating process become very complicated and need an in-depth study. In this paper, productivity maximization, energy saving, and freshwater/wastewater minimization are simultaneously addressed for the optimal design and operation of electroplating processes, which generates a triple-objective mixed-integer dynamic optimization (MIDO) model. The MIDO model is iteratively solved by a developed methodology to obtain the 3D Pareto frontier of the optimization problem, which provides important technical supports for the design and operation of electroplating processes. The efficacy has been demonstrated with a case study on an electroplating process. 相似文献