高品质O,O-二甲基硫代磷酰氯的合成

以五硫化二磷为起始原材料,经醇解、催化条件下氯化得到高品质O,O-二甲基硫代磷酰氯.优化条件下,产品含量达99％,总收率迭80％.该方法无需碱解、通氯量少、废水量少.适合于工业化生产.     

O,O-二甲基硫代磷酰氯的合成研究

发现了反应稳定剂,考察了各因素对反应的影响,提出了适宜的工艺条件,使O,O—二甲基硫代磷酰氨基于三氯硫磷的收率得到了较大的提高。     

O,O-二甲基硫代磷酰氯的合成进展

介绍了O,O-二甲基硫代磷酰氯的合成方法,并进行了分析比较。     

O,O-二乙基硫代磷酰氯的合成工艺优化

对O,O-二乙基硫代磷酰氯的生产工艺进行了优化。利用第一步五硫化二磷与无水乙醇反应中产生的硫化氢副产物通入到第二步硫代磷酰酯(乙基硫化物)的氯化母液中,以硫化氢替代传统工艺中的硫化碱消除反应母液中的氯化硫,达到精制O,O-二乙基硫代磷酰氯的目的。相比传统工艺,该路线不仅缩短了工艺流程,同时废水量大幅减少为0.2t/t产品,且高收率得到了易于回收的疏松颗粒物单质硫,提高了目标化合物O,O-二乙基硫代磷酰氯的含量。     

O，O-二甲基硫代磷酰氯的合成进展

介绍了O ,O 二甲基硫代磷酰氯的合成方法 ,并对主要的 3种O ,O 二甲基硫代磷酰氯的合成方法在工艺和成本上进行了分析比较 ,同时描述了该产品在国内的生产现状和发展趋势。     

农药中间体O,O-二甲基硫代磷酰氯最佳反应条件的研究

通过分析影响O,O－二甲基硫磷酰氯质量的主要原因,找到提高其质量的最佳反应条件。     

O,O-二乙基硫代磷酰氯精制工艺的改进

在吡啶催化作用下,五硫化二磷与无水乙醇反应生成O,O-二乙基二硫代磷酸酯,其再与氯气反应得到O,O-二乙基硫代磷酰氯粗品。所得粗品分别经清水预处理,硫化钠和氢氧化钠混合碱液处理,得到质量分数在99%以上的O,O-二乙基硫代磷酰氯,总收率达到88%。该工艺废水量大大减少,降低了环保压力。     

气相色谱内标法测定O,O-二甲基硫代磷酰胺含量

建立了以苯甲酸乙酯为内标物,气相色谱内标法定量测定O,O-二甲基硫代磷酰胺含量的新方法。线性回归方程y=0.6837x+0.0186,相关系数r为0.9994,加标回收率达到96.28％,相对标准偏差为1.09％。该方法简便、准确、可靠,适用于O,O-二甲基硫代磷酰胺的质量检验。     

O,O-二烷基硫代磷酰氯制备过程中一氯化硫处理进展

O,O-二烷基硫代磷酰氯是一种重要的农药中间体,可用于制备多种有机磷类杀虫剂。基于五硫化二磷合成O,O-二烷基硫代磷酰氯是目前研究热点,综述了以五硫化二磷为原料合成O,O-二烷基硫代磷酰氯过程中一氯化硫的处理方法,并分析了各种方法的优缺点。     

O，O-二甲基硫代磷酰胺工艺改进

O ,O 二甲基硫代磷酰胺是一种重要农药中间体 ,其传统合成工艺是O ,O 二甲基硫代磷酰氯与氨水反应制取。该工艺存在废水污染、副产品不易回收、成本高等缺点。东营胜利电化有限责任公司采用气氨代替氨水、饱和氯化铵水溶液循环利用替代溶剂反应 ,成功地解决了废水污染、副产品回收问题 ,降低了生产成本     

Waste minimization through optimal plant retrofit

A problem for optimal plant retrofitting, aiming to minimize the acrylonitrile released in the atmosphere from a Gas Treatment Department at Acrylic Fibre Plant, is considered. The applied retrofit policy involves (i) substitution of a used solvent with an appropriate selected mixture; (ii) flowsheet superstructure definition; and (iii) process parameters and mixture composition determination, so as the environmental regulations at minimum total retrofit cost to be reached. The pointed steps are described and the results obtained are discussed.     

Decomposable crosslinking paint: Waste minimization

A paint film crosslinked by a reaction between a carbonyl group and a hydrazide group could be easily decomposed by dipping it in a solution containing water, solvents, and acids. The method was studied to minimize the waste produced by the elimination of the decomposable paint film. This was performed in two steps: a dipping in aqueous solution containing solvents and acids, and a successive wash with solvents. Decomposition of the crosslinking bonds and the elution of the decomposed free crosslinker took place in the first dipping process, and the elimination of the decomposed resins in the second washing process. The aqueous solution could be used for a long time without contamination by the decomposed resins, and the decomposed resin could easily be recovered from the resin solution containing no other contaminants. 17-1 Higashi Yawata 4-Chome, Hiratsuka-Shi, Kanagawa-Ken 254-8562, Japan.     

氯乙酸氨解法甘氨酸合成工艺的研究

研究了氯乙酸氨解法制备甘氨酸的工艺条件,讨论了反应温度、催化剂用量和氨水浓度对氨解过程中氯乙酸转化率和甘氨酸产率的影响;研究了甲醇加入量和醇析温度对醇析过程中甘氨酸得率和纯度的影响。结果表明,氨解反应适宜温度为70～80℃,催化剂适宜用量为氯乙酸添加量的15%左右,氨水质量分数高有利于反应,在此工艺条件下氯乙酸的转化率达99.0%以上,反应液中甘氨酸的产率达98.0%以上;醇析过程中甲醇适宜加入量为氨解反应液体积的4.0～4.5倍,醇析温度选择在70～75℃之间,醇析过程中甘氨酸的得率大于79.0%,析出甘氨酸的纯度大于90.0%。     

Catalytic effects in the ammonolysis of vegetable oils

Catalysts for the ammonolysis of soybean oil are, in order of decreasing overall effectiveness, ammonium acetate, sodium methoxide, 9-amino-nonanoic acid, sodium soyate, ammonium nitrate, alanine, sodium acetate and glycerol. At 125 C, a reaction time of 1 hr and a 30:1 mole ratio of ammonia to ester, ammonium acetate achieved ammonolysis in 16%, 61% and 84% conversions at the respective concentrations of 0.0, 0.1 and 1.0 mole per mole ester groups. Conversion was 98% complete in 4 hr with 1.0 mole. The ammonolysis generally exhibited the expected first order kinetics up to about 80% reaction. Presented at the ISF-AOCS Meeting, Chicago, September 1970. No. Market. Nutr. Res. Div., ARS, USDA.     

影响臭氧化污泥减量工艺的因子

采用臭氧作为剩余污泥的细胞裂解剂,并与淹没式生物膜工艺相结合进行污泥减量的实验研究,臭氧化后的污泥上清液回流入曝气池与污水合并处理。结果表明:在每kgMLSS臭氧投量为0.05 kg,臭氧化污泥体积流量为进水量的5%条件下,淹没式生物膜系统对SCOD和NH3-N的平均去除率分别为87.06%和84.80%,出水水质同对比实验相当;同时获得了去除1 g SCOD得到0.054 gMLSS的剩余污泥产率,与对比实验相比降低了78.4%。     

Integration of electroplating process design and operation for simultaneous productivity maximization,energy saving,and freshwater minimization

Electroplating industry annually produces numerous plated workpieces for U.S. pillar industries. However, it is also a major environment polluter in forms of wastewater, sludge, and spent solution. Thus, waste source reduction for the electroplating industry is a must. In practice, when productivity and energy use efficiency are also taken into account, the design and operation of an electroplating process become very complicated and need an in-depth study. In this paper, productivity maximization, energy saving, and freshwater/wastewater minimization are simultaneously addressed for the optimal design and operation of electroplating processes, which generates a triple-objective mixed-integer dynamic optimization (MIDO) model. The MIDO model is iteratively solved by a developed methodology to obtain the 3D Pareto frontier of the optimization problem, which provides important technical supports for the design and operation of electroplating processes. The efficacy has been demonstrated with a case study on an electroplating process.     

PET装置回收废三甘醇工艺

三甘醇常用于PET装置停机洗釜或熔体过滤器的清洗,清洗后的废三甘醇通过PET装置的回收可再次用于清洗,实现再利用。     

从管理节水走向系统节水

我国水资源短缺,工业用水形势非常严峻。化工、石化行业水资源利用率近几年有所提高,但节水减排仍有很大潜力。指出我国石化企业节水减排的实施策略要分三步走:①全面做好基础计量工作,提高操作管理水平;②深入进行水网络的系统工程分析,提高水的回用率;③污水的再生利用。介绍了水夹点技术在工业上的推广应用情况。     

化肥企业废水、废油和废气的综合治理技术改造

介绍了针对合成氨、尿素装置进行的造气污水治理、节水减排改造、废油回收改造和废气回收再利用综合治理;对改造效果进行了综合评价,结果表明,改造后排放废水水质保持在COD≤60 mg/L,w（NH3-N）≤5 mg/L,废油回收100 t/a,吨尿素氨耗降低到586 kg/t。     

A/O生化工艺在焦化废水处理中的应用

通过对平煤天宏焦化公司原生物好氧脱酚、脱氰废水工艺改造为A/O生化处理废水工艺后,出水水质各项指标均达到国家《废水综合排放标准》（GB8978-1996）中规定的一级排放标准。同时对焦化废水处理工艺、设备选型及工艺参数等方面进行了调整、改进,也为其他同行处理焦化废水的工艺设计和运行提供了借鉴。