人与机器人共存中的位姿估计与碰撞检测

提出了一种人与机器人共存中的位姿估计与碰撞检测方法。首先,利用光学3维动作捕捉系统获取标记点位姿信息,建立人体手臂的运动学模型。其次,针对工作空间中障碍物遮挡导致部分标记点位姿信息丢失的问题,将角度传感器获取的肘关节角度作为人体手臂运动学模型的输入,获取人体手臂末端位姿信息。再次,构建人体手臂和协作机器人的胶囊体模型,计算各胶囊体之间的最短距离,从而判断人机的相对位姿关系并实现碰撞检测。最后,通过10个人在不同人机共存场景下对人机位姿估计与碰撞检测方法进行评价。实验结果表明,本方法估计的人体手臂末端位置误差在20mm以内,人机最短距离的最大误差为14.53mm,能够实现人机碰撞检测。     

基于动捕数据驱动的三维民族舞蹈展示方法

三维模型动画在数字化设计和应用中具有重要意义,受到越来越多研究者关注;但如何通过三维数字化原真再现民族舞蹈表演是极具挑战的问题.本论文通过动捕技术采集舞蹈动作实现舞蹈数字化展示.具体方法是:首先利用动捕设备捕获人体动作数据,然后在Maya中进行人物建模、骨骼绑定、蒙皮和权重调节,再通过MotionBuilder将3D模型与动捕数据结合,最终完成了现实舞蹈动作的虚拟人展演.论文构建了一个面向民族舞蹈展演的虚拟场景,并以13个民族的舞蹈为数字化内容,推广动捕驱动的舞蹈展演方法的应用.     

飞行员数字化三维人体模型研究

根据直升机仿真系统的特点,简化飞行员人体机械模型,列出参数化飞行员人体模型有限点测量数据变量,在CATIA V5软件平台上建立了数字化人体曲面几何模型.在此基础上建立运动学模型,可以应用于直升机人机工效设计和训练模拟等方面.     

人体动作行为识别研究综述

人体动作行为识别因其在视频监控、虚拟现实、人机智能交互等领域的广泛应用而成为计算机视觉领域的研究热点.文中将人体动作行为识别问题归纳为计算机经过检测动作数据而获取并符号化动作信息,继而提取和理解动作特征以实现动作行为分类的过程,在此基础上,从运动目标检测、动作特征提取和动作特征理解3个方面对涉及到的技术进行回顾分析,对相关方法进行分类,并讨论相关难点和研究方向.     

包装容器造型人机分析

对包装容器造型设计进行了人机分析及应用,分析了包装容器造型设计中的人体测量尺寸问题、握力问题、使用动作和功能以及容器材料和色彩问题。通过包装容器造型人机分析为人机工程学在包装容器造型设计中的运用提供了研究方向。     

业界新闻

最发新布发布PTC推出优化人机交互的最新解决方案2008年12月30日,PTC公司宣布推出Pro/ENGINEER Manikin,从而使设计团队能够在3D产品的设计模型中插入3D数字化人体造模解决方案,用以模拟仿真及实现人机互动。     

基于LSTM神经网络的人体动作识别

人体动作识别为人机合作提供了基础支撑,机器人通过对操作者动作进行识别和理解,可以提高制造系统的柔性和生产效率.针对人体动作识别问题,在三维骨架数据的基础上,对原始三维骨架数据进行平滑去噪处理以符合人体关节点运动的平滑规律;构建了由静态特征和动态特征组成的融合特征用来表征人体动作;引入了关键帧提取模型来提取人体动作序列中...     

一种简便的视角无关动作识别方法

针对日常生活中人体执行动作时存在视角变化而导致难以识别的问题,提出一种基于视角空间切分的多视角空间隐马尔可夫模型（ HMM）概率融合的视角无关动作识别算法。该方法首先按照人体相对于摄像机的旋转方向将视角空间分割为多个子空间,然后选取兴趣点视频段词袋特征与分区域的光流特征相融合,形成具有一定视角鲁棒性特征对人体运动信息进行描述,并在每个子视角空间下利用HMM建立各人体动作的模型,最终通过将多视角空间相应的动作模型似然概率加权融合,实现对未知视角动作的识别。利用多视角IXMAS动作识别数据库对该算法进行测试的实验结果表明,该算法实现简单且对未知视角下的动作具有较好识别结果。     

浅谈高校数字化校园系统的规划与设计

基于现代信息技术的高校数字化校园系统建设,是在大数据、云计算、物联网等前端技术基础上将高校日常运行中所产生的教学科研、行政管理、技术服务、师生生活服务等信息进行采集、分析、存储、整合处理,通过可视化系统在终端进行应用,降低教学成本,使教学资源的优势发挥到最大化。通过实现软硬件资源如实训室、实训设备、馆藏书籍、课程讲义、辅助课件等到教学管理、领导决策、无纸化办公、师生生活服务的全部数字化应用,更加凸显高校构建的数字化空间,时间和空间维度在高校得以拓展,相比传统校园数字化校园的运行效率大大提升,并且通过系统的完善扩展了许多新的业务功能,最终数字化在高校实现全面覆盖,高校的教学质量和管理水平大幅提升,增强了在教育教学中的核心竞争力。     

最新发布——PTC推出优化人机交互的最新解决方案

2008年12月30日,PTC公司宣布推出Pro／ENGINEER Manikin,从而使设计团队能够在3D产品的设计模型中插入3D数字化人体造模解决方案,用以模拟仿真及实现人机互动。     

Performing ergonomics analyses through virtual interactive design: Validity and reliability assessment

Virtual interactive design methodology was initially proposed as an integrated environment for digital human model–based ergonomics analysis of human–machine interactions, which uses a motion capture system and virtual environment to realize task simulation. The validity and reliability of this analysis methodology has not been systematically studied. In this article, potential errors are first investigated based on the technology used in the system structure and work process; then, three experimental integration levels are proposed to use different resources for creating manikin postures. Validity and reliability to use this integrated environment for static ergonomics analysis are then assessed by comparing the ergonomics analysis outputs achieved based on the three integration levels. The results indicate that the reliability of this methodology is good; however, the validity of the integrated system is affected by the limitation of the virtual environment used in the testing. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Improving digital human modelling for proactive ergonomics in design

This paper presents the need to improve existing digital human models (DHMs) so they are better able to serve as effective ergonomics analysis and design tools. Existing DHMs are meant to be used by a designer early in a product development process when attempting to improve the physical design of vehicle interiors and manufacturing workplaces. The emphasis in this paper is placed on developing future DHMs that include valid posture and motion prediction models for various populations. It is argued that existing posture and motion prediction models now used in DHMs must be changed to become based on real motion data to assure validity for complex dynamic task simulations. It is further speculated that if valid human posture and motion prediction models are developed and used, these can be combined with psychophysical and biomechanical models to provide a much greater understanding of dynamic human performance and population specific limitations and that these new DHM models will ultimately provide a powerful ergonomics design tool.     

Computerized task risk assessment using digital human modeling based Job Risk Classification Model

Different from the classical ergonomics analysis, Virtual Interactive Design methodology relies on manikin movements in virtual environment. This platform has been implemented by researchers to accomplish static ergonomic analyses including Rapid Upper Limb Assessment, NIOSH lifting equation and Static Strength Prediction. However, considering only static posture information limits the capacity of ergonomics analysis. In this study, the methodology of performing dynamic ergonomics analysis based on this Virtual Interactive Design platform is proposed. This environment allows velocity and angular velocity of specified body segments/joints calculated for designed tasks to be used to assess the corresponding risk levels based on Job Risk Classification Model. The motion calculation is completed based on the captured interaction between human participants and virtual workplace/mockup. To evaluate the validity and reliability of this upgraded platform, potential errors are analyzed by comparing outputs from several designed experimental conditions.     

A memory-based model for planning target reach postures in the presence of obstructions

Existing posture prediction and motion simulation models generally lack the capability of simulating human obstruction avoidance during target reach. This compromises the utility of digital human models for ergonomics, as many design problems involve interactions between humans and obstructions. To address this problem, this paper presents a novel memory-based posture planning (MBPP) model, which plans reach postures that avoid obstructions. In this model, the task space is partitioned into small regions called cells. For a given human figure, each cell is linked to a memory that stores various alternative postures for reaching the cell. When a posture planning problem is given in terms of a target and an obstruction configuration, the model examines postures belonging to the relevant cell, selects collision-free ones and modifies them to exactly meet the hand target acquisition constraint. Simulation results showed that the MBPP model is capable of rapidly and robustly planning reach postures for various scenarios.     

基于2003年标准数据的中国飞行员人体模型

首先介绍了CATIA 软件中的人体模型及其功能; 然后对软件中的加拿大、法国、韩国、日本人体数据进行了分析; 在此基础上就软件中建立新人体模型需要的人体数据与2003 年测量得到的中国飞行员的人体数据做了比较; 最后对中国飞行员人体数据做了选择和补充, 同时在CATIA 平台上建立了中国飞行员人体模型。该模型可以满足主机厂所在初步总体阶段的工效分析、评价工作。     

Improving digital human modelling for proactive ergonomics in design

This paper presents the need to improve existing digital human models (DHMs) so they are better able to serve as effective ergonomics analysis and design tools. Existing DHMs are meant to be used by a designer early in a product development process when attempting to improve the physical design of vehicle interiors and manufacturing workplaces. The emphasis in this paper is placed on developing future DHMs that include valid posture and motion prediction models for various populations. It is argued that existing posture and motion prediction models now used in DHMs must be changed to become based on real motion data to assure validity for complex dynamic task simulations. It is further speculated that if valid human posture and motion prediction models are developed and used, these can be combined with psychophysical and biomechanical models to provide a much greater understanding of dynamic human performance and population specific limitations and that these new DHM models will ultimately provide a powerful ergonomics design tool.     

Opportunities for meeting sustainability objectives

It is inevitable that theory and good practice in Human Factors/Ergonomics (HF/E) should comprise engineering for sustainability to safeguard ecology and maintaining the quality of life. There are immediate and longer-term opportunities for HF/E community to be a key contributor in solving sustainability issues. However, sustainability research in HF/E domain has only been partially explored. A further theoretical and practical contribution is needed. Digital Human Modeling (DHM) is a potential method to integrate human element into sustainability research. However, current DHM tools are limited in resolving these issues until sustainability objectives are explicitly considered. There are DHM tools available to evaluate human performance. However typically do not consider sustainability aspects of the work environment. This study introduces two conceptual digital ergonomics toolkits, Air Quality Index Assessment and Metabolic Energy Expenditure, to demonstrate the potential use of DHM in evaluating the health risks and worker's performance in work design. Incorporating human element into sustainability through DHM (digital ergonomics toolkits) reduces the need for in-situ human data collection and physical prototyping for work environments that are subject to poor air quality, toxic exposure and handling of hazardous materials. The DHM toolkits proposed in this study can bring attention towards building multidisciplinary collaboration that can enhance HF/E outreach goals in sustainability-related engineering design.Relevance to IndustryDHM can help industry to minimize the need of in-situ human data collection, reduce the need of physical prototyping, and optimize overall system performance for where subjects are exposed to poor air quality, toxic exposure, and handling of hazardous materials.     

The V-scope ultrasonic motion monitor: ergonomics applications in occupational manual materials handling and clinical exercise therapy

In this paper application is made of a three-dimensional telemetric ultrasound motion analysis technology originally designed for experimentation in the physics laboratory. When applied to human motion analysis in ergonomics, sports science and orthopaedic rehabilitation, this system offers great promise of solving problems hitherto insoluble or too costly to address.