改进型CIC抽取滤波器的FPGA实现

为了解决以往设计的CIC抽取滤波器存在的数据速率高以及功耗高的问题,研究了改进型CIC抽取滤波器的FPGA实现过程,优化CIC抽取滤波器硬件实现结构,采用FPGA实现抽取滤波器的设计。分析CIC抽取滤波器的硬件实现结构和位宽,通过Hogenauer抽取滤波器结构,得到6级16抽取的CIC硬件实现结构,将该结构变换成4个CIC抽取滤波器的级联式FPGA实现,逐级降低数据速率,提升数据位宽。以FPGA实现CIC抽取滤波器过程中,分析了其运算时寄存器所需的最高位宽,避免产生数据溢出问题。实验结果表明,所设计的改进型CIC抽取滤波器是有效的,可降低数据速率和系统功耗。     

基于Matlab和FPGA的CIC滤波器的设计

基于多速率信号处理原理,设计了用于下变频的CIC抽取滤波器,由于CIC滤波器结构只用到加法器和延迟器,没有乘法器,很适合用FPGA来实现,所以本文分析了CIC滤波器的原理,性能及影响参数,借助MATLAB的FDATool工具箱设计符合系统要求CIC滤波器,并利用Simulink结合具体的结构建模仿真,验证CIC滤波器性能是否达到要求,最后在FPGA上实现这个结构的CIC滤波器设计,并进行了模拟仿真,综合验证。     

FIR数字滤波器的FPGA实现研究

为了研究不同结构的FIR数字滤波器FPGA实现对数字多普勒接收机中FPGA器件资源消耗及其实现的滤波器的速度性能,在Xilinx ISE10.1开发平台中,采用Verilog HDL语言分别实现了FIR数字滤波器的改进的串行结构、并行结构以及DA结构,并在ModelSim仿真验证平台中仿真了实现设计.结果表明,改进串行结构的实现消耗资源少但滤波速度慢,并行结构的实现滤波速度快但消耗资源多,而DA算法的实现速度仅取决于输入数据的宽度,所以滤波速度通常较快且消耗的资源较少.     

软件无线电发射机的FPGA实现

本文以软件无线电理论为指导,以π/4DQPSK调制为特例,重点介绍了软件无线电发射机数字信号处理部分在FPGA上的实现,主要包括数据映射、成形滤波、CIC插值滤波和NCO等。在设计上使用了基于多相滤波和单MAC的成形滤波器及高效CIC插值滤波器,使性能和资源占用率获得了较好的突破。与专用芯片相比,用FPGA实现的软件无线电发射机更具灵活性。     

FIR数字滤波器的FPGA实现研究

为了研究不同结构的FIR数字滤波器FPGA实现对数字多普勒接收机中FPGA器件资源消耗及其实现的滤波器的速度性能．在Xilinx ISE10．1开发平台中,采用VerilogHDL语言分别实现了FIR数字滤波器的改进的串行结构、并行结构以及DA结构。并在ModelSim仿真验证平台中仿真了实现设计。结果表明,改进串行结构的实现消耗资源少但滤波速度慢．并行结构的实现滤波速度快但消耗资源多,而DA算法的实现速度仅取决于输入数据的宽度,所以滤波速度通常较快且消耗的资源较少。     

FPGA中CIC抽取滤波器增益校正的实现

在中频数字化信号处理中,FPGA应用越来越广泛,DDC的FPGA模块化非常必要,CIC滤波器由于其结构只用到加法器和延迟器,很适合用FPGA来实现,通常工作在DDC系统中运算量大的第一级.分析了CIC滤波器的抽取原理、性能、影响参数及增益产生原因,针对实际应用中5级CIC滤波器在不同抽取率下对信号进行抽取时所产生的增益问题,给出了校正方法,并在Modelsim仿真中得到了验证.     

基于FPGA的高阶FIR抽取滤波器有效实现结构

针对高阶FIR抽取滤波器直接型结构和多相滤波结构中存在乘法器资源使用较多,导致实际系统实现困难的问题,提出了一种适合FPGA实现的高效多相结构。该结构采用分时复用技术,通过提高FPGA工作时钟频率,对降采样后的滤波路数和每一路FIR滤波器中乘积和操作均复用一个乘法器,从而大幅节约了FPGA中乘法器资源的使用。结果表明,针对4 096阶滤波器和降采样率为512的实际抽取滤波器系统,只需要8个乘法器,且在Xilinx公司Virtex IV芯片上能稳定工作在204.8 MHz的时钟频率上。     

基于FPGA的双边滤波器设计

针对串行架构的处理器如ARM和DSP等实现双边滤波算法消耗资源过多的情况,提出了一种基于FPGA加速的双边滤波去噪的实现方法。根据双边滤波算法的原理以及FPGA的硬件资源,充分发挥FPGA在并行计算上的优势,在滤波器的系数生成和除法操作上进行了优化。在减少了FPGA所消耗的资源的同时,保证了图像去除噪声的实时性,从而为后期的视频采集与传输系统奠定了一个良好的开端。     

中频采样全数字接收机的设计与实现

根据侦察接收机的需要,基于软件无线电理论提出了一种中频采样全数字接收机的设计方案,对其中的带通采样单元、数字下变频单元和解调单元进行了分析。数字下变频采用高效滤波抽取方案,对CIC、HB和FIR滤波器的设计进行了详细介绍。最后在基于FPGA的CPCI接口信号处理平台上进行了实现,完成了多种信号的解调处理,系统具有高度的灵活性和可扩展空间。     

FPGA应用中CIC抽取滤波器增益校正的实现

在中频数字化信号处理中,FPGA应用越来越广泛,DDC的FPGA模块化非常必要,CIC滤波器由于其结构只用到加法器和延迟器,很适合用FPGA来实现,通常工作在DDC系统中运算量大的第一级。本文分析了CIC滤波器的抽取原理、性能、影响参数及增益产生原因,针对实际应用中5级CIC滤波器在不同抽取率下对信号进行抽取时,所产生的增益问题,给出了校正方法,并在Modelsim仿真中得到了验证。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks