极限载荷下滚珠丝杠疲劳弹性寿命可靠性分析北大核心

为了提高极限工况下滚珠丝杠副的可靠性,对滚珠丝杠副疲劳弹性寿命可靠性进行了研究。根据现有的丝杠疲劳弹性寿命模型,基于不确定理论首先建立同时随机不确定性和认知不确定性的疲劳弹性寿命可靠性分析模型;引入两层参数不确定算法,并进行仿真计算,最后研究了各参数及其不确定度对寿命可靠度的影响程度。研究结果表明,参数的不确定性对可靠度影响较大,通过开展可靠性试验,发现试验结果与模型计算的可靠度非常接近,证明了模型的可行性。计算结果表明,轴向载荷的不确定性影响最小,其次是导程、滚珠直径、节圆直径、适应比,接触角的不确定性影响最大,且不确定度越大,对可靠度影响越大。     

冶金起重机疲劳寿命的可靠性评估

讨论了疲劳寿命的可靠性评估方法，并对冶金起重机的疲劳寿命进行了可靠性评估。     

随机载荷下滚动轴承系统疲劳可靠性分析

传统的轴承疲劳寿命可靠性研究主要是在稳定载荷条件下对单个轴承寿命可靠度的研究。基于概率Miner累积损伤理论,推导随机载荷下滚动轴承的疲劳寿命及可靠性计算公式,并针对滚动轴承系统阐述随机载荷下各轴承的失效相关机理。根据载荷离散化思想,运用随机事件的全概率公式,推导随机载荷下滚动轴承系统的疲劳可靠度计算公式。该公式考虑了系统各轴承的失效相关性,可更客观地描述系统寿命与各设计参数的内在关系。算例以并联行星齿轮轴承系统为分析对象,运用随机载荷下滚动轴承系统的疲劳可靠度公式得到合理结果。新模型与方法可为滚动轴承系统寿命评估与可靠性分析提供理论依据。     

电潜螺杆泵传动轴多载荷作用力学特性与疲劳寿命分析

分析电潜螺杆泵举升过程传动轴断轴部位应力分布及疲劳寿命对提高传动机构可靠性和保障电潜螺杆泵连续稳定运行具有重要意义。针对传动轴断轴部位,提出传动轴多载荷作用力学特性分析和疲劳寿命预测方法。数值仿真和现场测试分析结果表明：各载荷单独作用时,销孔应力较大区域沿径向条状分布且应力分布较均匀,内螺纹应力较大区域沿径向自上向下逐渐减弱,且最大应力受扭矩作用最大而受狗腿度产生的弯矩作用最小;各载荷组合作用时,轴向力对销孔和内螺纹应力分布影响最大,且最大应力均小于许用应力而推断两处断轴原因不是超载导致的脆性断裂;内螺纹处疲劳寿命明显小于销孔处疲劳寿命,为传动轴优化设计提供依据。     

随机载荷下轴结构疲劳寿命分析

应用功率谱密度法对随机载荷作用下轴结构进行疲劳寿命分析,给出了基于功率谱密度法的疲劳寿命计算公式.使用有限元软件COSMOSWorks,以一个单级斜齿齿轮减速器低速轴的疲劳寿命计算为例进行了验证.结果表明,按照传统的静强度方法设计的轴结构在疲劳强度上是不足的.     

变幅载荷作用下疲劳裂纹扩展研究综述

机械结构主要承受疲劳载荷,工程上尤其承受变幅载荷。本文对目前国内外比较常用的变幅载荷作用下疲劳裂纹扩展的模型理论进行了详细地综合分析,大致包括了塑性诱导闭合理论、裂纹尖端钝化理论和残余压应力理论。目前常用的模型单峰或多峰超载疲劳裂纹扩展寿命的预测结果比较理想,但在高载比以及考虑构件厚度效应时误差往往比较大。所有模型均有其依据的理论、成立的前提条件和适用范围,在实际工程应用中应根据不同的条件选择相应的模型。高载比,裂尖大范围屈服时模型寿命预测的准确度问题是今后重点。本文对读者了解模型的使用范围和简化模型以提高其寿命预测的适用性、方便性和准确度,可以提供借鉴。     

变幅载荷作用下点焊焊接接头的疲劳损伤

对拉剪点焊试样进行了多级变幅疲劳加载,载荷块分别为低-高、高-低和低-高-低形式,测量了疲劳破坏过程中的固有频率.基于疲劳寿命试验结果和固有频率随疲劳寿命的变化,分析了点焊结构疲劳损伤累积的特点和加载次序对疲劳寿命的影响.结果表明,载荷块形状,即加载次序对疲劳寿命的影响并不明显,使用线性疲劳累积损伤理论预测的疲劳寿命接近实际疲劳寿命.依据固有频率的变化,可以监测疲劳寿命过程中出现的损伤,并确定损伤的程度.按照损伤力学中损伤随寿命的演化规律,可进行疲劳寿命预测,寿命预测结果与试验疲劳寿命吻合较好.     

变幅载荷下摩擦焊接头疲劳寿命的分布及模拟

试验研究并分析了45钢摩擦焊接头切口件恒幅载荷下的疲劳性能,表明其疲劳寿命结果可很好地表示当量应力幅的函数,即Ni=C[△σ∧2/（1 n）eqv-(△σeqv)∧2/(1 n)th]∧-2,表达式中疲劳抗力系数C和疲劳门槛值（△σeqv)th服从对数正态分布。根据C和（△σeqv）th的物理意义及概率分布,可知疲劳试件个体间的差异可以由C、（△σeqv)th来区别,而疲劳试验结果的随机分散性产生于试件个体间的差异,据此提出了一种新的模拟45钢摩擦焊接头切口件变幅载荷下疲劳寿命试验及其分布的方法,给出了相应的模拟计算步骤,模拟结果与试验结果进行了比较,结果表明,45钢摩擦焊接头切口件在变幅载荷下的疲劳寿命分布的模拟结果服从对数正态分析,并与试验结果符合得很好。因此该模式方法可用于摩擦焊接结构的疲劳可靠性分析,从而节省大量的人力、物力。     

疲劳寿命预测方法综述

综述了疲劳裂纹形成寿命和疲劳裂纹扩展寿命的预测方法,评述了各种不同预测方法的基本假设、估算步骤和特点,并对疲劳寿命预测方法进一步的发展方向作了展望。     

变幅载荷下孔挤压件疲劳裂纹起始寿命的估算方法SCIEI

本文研究了孔挤压与超载复合强化对LY12CZ铝合金疲劳裂纹起始寿命的影响。实验结果表明,复合强化对该合金的疲劳裂纹起始寿命及裂纹萌生、扩展特性的影响与孔挤压强化的效果相同,得出了复合强化后疲劳裂纹起始寿命的定量表达式。据此,提出了变幅载荷下孔挤压件疲劳裂纹起始寿命的估算方法,实验证明该方法是可行的。     

谱载荷下的短裂纹扩展规律及疲劳损伤的研究

本文研究了一种谱载荷作用下的短裂纹扩展规律，并对谱载荷下的疲劳损伤进行了预测与分析，实验发现；谱载荷下的单边穿透短裂纹和缺口短纹都能够在长裂纹的槛植以下以国高的速率扩展，表现出与常幅下短裂纹相似的扩展规律。     

RELIABILITY ANALYSIS FOR AN AERO ENGINE TURBINE DISK UNDER LOW CYCLE FATIGUE CONDITION

Reliability analysis methods based on the linear damage accumulation law (LDAL) and load-life interference model are studied in this paper. According to the equal probability rule, the equivalent loads are derived, and the reliability analysis method based on load-life interference model and recurrence formula is constructed. In conjunction with finite element analysis (FEA) program, the reliability of an aero engine turbine disk under low cycle fatigue (LCF) condition has been analyzed. The results show the turbine disk is safety and the above reliability analysis methods are feasible.     

冲击疲劳循环形变阶段的晶界行为

研究了低碳钢在低周冲击疲劳循环变阶段的晶界行为,用扫描电子显微镜对试样表面进行了观察,结果表明晶界表出如下特征,滑移线既可连续地跨越晶界,也可受阻于晶界并形成台阶,晶界发生诸如增粗,消失等现象,伴随着形变过程,出现新的亚晶界,晶界的既阻碍滑移,又激发次滑移系开动,讨论了产生这些现象的可能机制。     

金属材料在循环载荷下塑性变形传播对疲劳性能的影响

对疲劳裂纹萌生寿命和扩展速率的研究表明，４０Ｃｒ钢调质和正火态存在加载频率效应，而１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ钢固溶处理态未发现加载频率效应。引起加载频率效应的实质是，随加载频率不断提高，金属材料塑性变形传播速度不断减小，从而改变塑性区特性。     

轧机主传动中安全销疲劳强度的可靠性设计

本文从轧机主传动安全销的疲劳强度出发,提出了可靠性设计的方法,它区别于以往按静强度核算的方法。实践证明,这种方法更切合实际情况。     

EXPERIENCE WITH THERMOMECHANICAL FATIGUE UNDER SERVICE-TYPE LOADING

The thermomechanical fatigue behaviour of different high temperature alloys has been investigated and is under investigation respectively. The creep-fatigue behaviour of heat resistant steels was investigated by long-term service-type strain cycling tests simulating thermomechanical fatigue (TMF-) loading conditions at the heated surface of e.g. turbine rotors. Single-stage as well as three-stage cycles leads to similar results at the application of the damage accumulation rule. Life prediction which simulates typical combinations of cold starts, warm starts and hot starts has been established successfully for isothermal service-type loading and will be exceeded for thermomechanical loading. Long-term thermomechanical fatigue testing of Thermal Barrier Coating systems show typical delamination damage. An advanced TMF cruciform testing system enables complex multiaxial loading.     

INVESTIGATION OF LOW CYCLE FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF BUILDING STRUCTURAL STEELS UNDER EARTHQUAKE LOADING

1.IntroductionEarthquakeisoneofthelargestnaturalcalamitiesf0rmankind.Iti8imperativet0devisemeansinengineeringdesigntoreducetheseismicdamapetothegreatestpossibleextent.Recentlyalargenumber0faclilevementshavebeenmadeinthefieldoftheanti-seismicdesignofengineeringstructures.Buttothebuildingstructuralsteelsusedintheearthquakeregi0ns,unfortunatelytherehasbeenn0sufficientattenti0n.Intheanti-seismicdesign,ofc0urse9itisnecessarytothinkabouttheintegrationandres0nablenessofthestructures-Butduringtheseve…     

A CUMULATIVE FATIGUE DAMAGE RULE UNDER THE ALTERNATIVE OF CORROSION OR CYCLIC LOADING

Fatigue damage increases with the applied loading cycles in a cumulative manner and the material deteriorates with the corrosion time. A cumulative fatigue damage rule under the alternative of corrosion or cyclic loading was proposed. The specimens of aluminum alloy LY12-CZ soaked in corrosive liquid for different times were tested under the constant amplitude cyclic loading to obtain S-N curves. The test was carried out to verify the proposed cumulative fatigue damage rule under the different combinations among corrosion time, loading level, and the cycle numbers. It was shown that the predicted residual fatigue lives showed a good agreement with the experimental results and the proposed rule was simple and can be easily adopted.     

SIMULATION OF COMPLEX THERMOMECHANICAL FATIGUE

Two different types of experimental techniques to perform non-isothermal, uniaxial and biaxial fatigue tests were described. A new miniaturised electrothermalmechanical test rig was presented and discussed. It enables testing of small specimens under complex thermomechanical loading conditions. In order to cope with the simulation of well defined biaxial proportional and non-proportional loadings with in-phase and out-of-phase superposition of thermal loads a cruciform biaxial fatigue testing machine has been developed. Special design features of both machines, and the specimens tested, as well as typical test results were discussed.