基于颜色与线段的图像轮廓提取算法

传统二维图像轮廓识别算法通常是在图像中找到边缘,根据设定的条件将边缘像素组合起来形成轮廓。针对边缘检测算法通常需要对不同的图像设定不同的阈值,对不同类型的图像很难找出统一的阈值的问题,文中提出了一种同时利用图像中颜色与线段信息的彩色图像轮廓提取算法,算法采用自顶向下的颜色空间融合和自底向上的线段检测的方法,在初步获取边缘信息之后,综合利用检测结果生成目标的轮廓。算法的优点在于不需要进行阈值调整,实验表明:该方法可以有效地提取彩色图像中的目标轮廓。     

复杂SAR场景中机场跑道的提取

本文提出了一种从大幅SAR场景图像中提取机场跑道的方法。跑道是机场的最明显的特征,在图像上可抽象为相隔一定距离,具有一定长度的平行线对。算法首先检测图像边缘,然后连接成线段,从中搜索平行线对,最后进行验证。算法的特点在于连接线段时,通过将图像域中的线段转化成极坐标中的点,将线段连接问题转化为点的聚类问题,并利用贝叶斯估计原理构造相似性测度准则函数,利用区域生长聚类方法将断裂的但属于同一条直线的点聚集起来。实验结果表明,该算法能够从大幅SAR图像中提取机场跑道,具有重要的实际应用价值。     

遥感图像中的机场跑道检测算法

利用机场跑道的高灰度特征和整体性检测遥感图像中的机场跑道。首先,利用模糊增强方法进行图像预处理;接着,对图像进行阈值分割获得二值图像,用像素标记法进行连通域提取,定位4个面积最大的区域作为疑似机场区域;然后,在疑似机场区域内,对图像进行Canny边缘检测,用Hough变换提取出直线段;最后,把含有最长平行直线的区域作为机场区域。实验结果表明,机场跑道检测算法能在遥感图像中准确有效地检测出机场跑道。     

一种有效的基于边缘图像的机场跑道识别算法

边缘特征是图像的最底层特征,解决好边缘检测问题对多数目标识别系统都有重要的意义.针对机场跑道的直线段特征,提出了一种有效的基于边缘图像的机场跑道识别算法.首先,将方向小波变换用于目标的边缘检测,得到定位准确、边缘完整、冗余信息少的边缘图;然后两次遍历该图,改进Hough变换在提取直线段的同时,获得直线段端点坐标,精确定位出跑道位置.实验结果表明了该算法的有效性和准确性.     

基于数字图像处理的直线型铁轨的自动识别

在铁路交通安全检测系统中,铁轨的识别是障碍检测物的关键。提出适合轨道数字图像的直线型铁轨自动识别算法。首先基于轨道图像的亮度特征和直线特征,综合应用Hough变换和边缘提取算法,检测出大量离散的共线像素点。然后建立直线方程,使检测到的直线连续化,根据线段斜率特性和线段长短滤除多余的线段。最后根据提取到的铁轨边缘轮廓得到图像中的铁轨位置信息,为铁路图像信息提取分析打下基础。用MATLAB编程实现了该算法,通过大量仿真实验验证了该算法的有效性。     

聚类与几何特征相结合的遥感图像多类人造目标检测算法

针对高分辨率光学遥感图像中人造目标的检测问 题,对传统的相位编组直线段提取算法和k-means 聚类算法了改进,提出了一种k-means聚类和几何特征 相结合的检测方法。根据自然物体和 人造目标在几何外形上表现出的不同特性,首先运用改进的相位编组算法对图像进行快速的 直线段提取; 然后以获取的直线段中心点为处理对象,运用k-means聚类算法 对提取的直线段进行密度聚类;最后,根 据每个类中的直线段数目和构成的几何基元情况,进行人造目标的判定。实验结果表明,本 文算法对遥感 图像中的房屋、汽车、船舰和飞机跑道等多类人造目标可达到90%以 上的检测精度,并具有较高的检测速度,对于一幅512pixel ×512pixel的图像,整个检测过程在100ms 以内。     

序列图像轴对称物体中轴线提取方法

针对轴对称目标三维姿态参数中的偏航角、俯仰角的提取问题,提出了一种自动提取目标中轴线方法.该方法运用自适应Canny算子检测目标边缘,改进的Hough变换获得边缘图像中各条直线边缘的坐标点;通过优化的最小二乘算法将各条直线边缘的坐标点进行拟合获得边缘直线方程;结合序列图像中目标特性,检测出边缘直线中特定的两条平行直线进而获得目标的中轴线方程.实验表明:该方法能够有效地、高精度地提取轴对称目标的中轴线,提取的中轴线平均角度误差为0.022°.     

具有颜色信息的目标边界直线段特征的提取

直线段特征可以给出图像几何形态的重要信息。在视频跟踪的过程中,希望只提取被跟踪目标边界的直线段特征,并且筛选掉背景图像中的直线以及目标中的纹理直线,文中提出在提取的直线段自身属性的基础上附加考虑其两侧的颜色信息变化情况,从而更有效地获得目标的边界直线段特征。     

基于直线提取的机场跑道识别方法

针对红外机场跑道图像的结构特点,提出了一种机场跑道识别和提取跑道中心点的算法。首先对红外图像进行空域滤波;然后采用Sobel算子提取边缘图像;接着提取所有可能的直线段,并计算它们的参数;接着对找到的直线段进行连接性测试,得到最终的直线提取结果;最后从找到的所有直线中搜索平行直线对,从中识别出机场主跑道的边缘,计算出跑道中心点。大量的仿真实验证明这种方法可以红外图像中准确、快速地识别出机场跑道和提取跑道中心点。     

基于深度学习的跑道前视红外图像轮廓线提取

针对前视红外图像中的机场跑道检测问题,提出了基于深度学习的端到端的实时检测算法。算法首先利用深度学习在物体特征表达上的优点,采用当前主流端到端的YOLO（You Only Look Once）V2检测算法提取候选目标,寻找跑道所在位置;然后在已经获取跑道所在边框的基础上,在神经网络最后一层采用多尺度线段检测器(Line Segment Detector,LSD)进行精确的线段检测;最后对所检测的线段进行融合,提取轮廓线。真实实验数据表明,该算法基本上能满足机场轮廓提取实时性好、提取精度高、抗干扰性强等要求。     

An integration of bottom-up and top-down salient cues on RGB-D data: saliency from objectness versus non-objectness

Bottom-up and top-down visual cues are two types of information that helps the visual saliency models. These salient cues can be from spatial distributions of the features (space-based saliency) or contextual/task-dependent features (object-based saliency). Saliency models generally incorporate salient cues either in bottom-up or top-down norm separately. In this work, we combine bottom-up and top-down cues from both space- and object-based salient features on RGB-D data. In addition, we also investigated the ability of various pre-trained convolutional neural networks for extracting top-down saliency on color images based on the object dependent feature activation. We demonstrate that combining salient features from color and dept through bottom-up and top-down methods gives significant improvement on the salient object detection with space-based and object-based salient cues. RGB-D saliency integration framework yields promising results compared with the several state-of-the-art-models.     

基于差异度迭代的极化SAR图像机场跑道检测算法

机场在军事和交通运输领域都有很重要的作用,对它的自动检测具有重大意义。本文提出了一种利用极化SAR(Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar)图像检测机场跑道的方法。首先,利用SLIC(Simple linear Iterative Clustering)算法对极化SAR图像进行超像素分割;然后利用新三分量分解和极化散射熵对图像进行粗分类,再利用改进的K均值聚类结合差异度迭代的方法完成精细分类,最后利用跑道的散射特性和几何结构特征从分类结果中提取完整的机场区域。本文采用极化SAR数据进行实验检测,结果表明该方法能有效的检测出机场跑道,并且保持结构完整,边缘细节清晰,虚警率低。      

融合视觉注意机制的高光谱RX异常检测算法

视觉注意机制具有快速引导关注到重点区域的特性,将其引入高光谱图像异常检测中具有可行性。本文从采样方式、波段选取、融入局部光谱特征3方面构建更适用于计算高光谱图像显著性的视觉注意机制模型。针对经典的基于高斯统计分布假设的RX异常检测算法在背景参数估计中易受潜在异常干扰的问题,利用视觉显著性结果对原图像进行高斯加权,在加权后图像中进行背景均值与协方差的重新估算,进而使用更精确的背景参数对原图像进行RX异常检测。在5个经典数据上的实验结果表明,本文方法有效地表现了潜在的异常目标,改进的RX异常检测算法具有更高的检测精度与更低的虚警率。     

Saliency detection by multitask sparsity pursuit

This paper addresses the problem of detecting salient areas within natural images. We shall mainly study the problem under unsupervised setting, i.e., saliency detection without learning from labeled images. A solution of multitask sparsity pursuit is proposed to integrate multiple types of features for detecting saliency collaboratively. Given an image described by multiple features, its saliency map is inferred by seeking the consistently sparse elements from the joint decompositions of multiple-feature matrices into pairs of low-rank and sparse matrices. The inference process is formulated as a constrained nuclear norm and as an l(2, 1)-norm minimization problem, which is convex and can be solved efficiently with an augmented Lagrange multiplier method. Compared with previous methods, which usually make use of multiple features by combining the saliency maps obtained from individual features, the proposed method seamlessly integrates multiple features to produce jointly the saliency map with a single inference step and thus produces more accurate and reliable results. In addition to the unsupervised setting, the proposed method can be also generalized to incorporate the top-down priors obtained from supervised environment. Extensive experiments well validate its superiority over other state-of-the-art methods.     

Adaptive Spatiotemporal Feature Extraction and Dynamic Combining Methods for Selective Visual Attention System

This paper introduces a selective attention system that guides users to detect the regions of interest more effectively by adaptively selecting and using spatial and temporal features according to the input images. Although the proposed system is based on a typical bottom-up method, it achieved improvement in the method for extracting features and calculating the saliencies compared to existing studies. In the proposed system, spatial saliencies have dynamic information from which features are adaptively selected according to the input images. Also temporal saliencies in the proposed system have pieces of information for individual moving objects that are associated with each other obtained through multi-resolution feature analysis. In addition, when combining a spatial saliency and a temporal saliency, the activity of the input saliency is measured, and the weights that change dynamically according to the activity are calculated, and the spatial saliency and temporal saliency are combined according to the weights. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed system, comparative experiments with the existing systems were conducted with diverse experimental images and as a result, it could be seen that the proposed system produces results closer to the results of humans’ visual recognition compared to previous systems.     

复杂场景下的极化SAR图像机场跑道检测

提出一种基于极化分解分类与结构特征相结合的复杂场景全极化SAR图像机场跑道检测方法。首先利用先验信息粗选图像中各类样本目标进行H/α分解提取图像中各类训练样本,然后根据极化SAR图像的统计特性,利用贝叶斯分类器对图像进行分类,提取图像中机场跑道疑似区域,再结合机场跑道的五种结构特征用二叉树法进行判别,最终确定机场跑道区域。利用美国UAVSAR系统采集的多组全极化实测数据对算法进行实验,结果表明,该算法能够有效地检测出跑道,且检测的跑道结构完整,轮廓清晰,虚警率低。      

非高斯背景下跑道异物监测雷达的杂波图CFAR技术

随天线扫描呈时变性的强地杂波是影响机场跑道异物检测的主要原因之一,传统的杂波图恒虚警检测方法在处理非高斯分布杂波时目标检测能力很差。文中提出一种双参数杂波图恒虚警率(CFAR)检测方法,首先分析了跑道场景和雷达系统特性,根据调频连续波雷达体制建立了接收信号模型;然后通过非相参积累、双参数估计、一阶递归滤波等处理,对每次扫描测量值的样本均值和样本方差分别进行时域迭代平均,获得检测门限阈值,实现了对非高斯背景杂波中跑道异物的CFAR检测;最后进一步分析了影响检测性能的主要参数。     

Global salient information maximization for saliency detection

In this paper, a new method for saliency detection is proposed. Based on the defined features of the salient object, we solve the problem of saliency detection from three aspects. Firstly, from the view of global information, we partition the image into two clusters, namely, salient component and background component by employing Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and k-means clustering. Secondly, the maximal salient information is applied to find the position of saliency and eliminate the noise. Thirdly, we enhance the saliency for the salient regions while weaken the background regions. Finally, the saliency map is obtained based on these aspects. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves better results than the state of the art methods. And this method can be applied for graph based salient object segmentation.