一种基于BP神经网络的车牌字符分类识别方法

目前,车牌字符识别算法主要是基于模板匹配、特征匹配或神经网络的方法。本文根据车牌字符的特殊性,提出一种采用特征提取与BP神经网络学习算法相结合的分类识别技术,选取字符的粗网格特征作为字符的识别特征,以改进后的归一化字符原始特征直接输入到BP神经网络分类器中进行车牌字符识别研究。对于易混淆和相似的字符、汉字笔划粘连、字符偏移现象等都提出了自己的解决方法。实验结果说明,本方法可大幅提高车牌识别系统的正确识别率和抗干扰能力。     

中文日期词的分割与识别

非限定性手写汉字串的分割与识别是当前字符识别领域中的一个难点问题.针对手写日期的特点,提出了整词识别和定长汉字串分割识别相结合的组合识别方法.整词识别将字符串作为一个整体进行识别,无需复杂的字符串分割过程.在定长汉字串分割过程中,首先通过识别来预测汉字串的长度,然后通过投影和轮廓分析确定候选分割线,最后通过识别选取最优分割路径.这两种分割识别方法通过规则进行组合,大大提高了系统的性能.在真实票据图像上的实验表明了该方法的有效性,分割识别正确率达到了93.3%.     

基于矩和小波变换的数字、字母字符识别研究

欲实现汽车监控和管理智能化,必须正确识别牌照字符,在识别过程中,关键是特征向量的提取,小波变换能有效地提取字符的结构特征,而矩能够很好的地其进行描述,该文提出了一种用线性矩和小波变换提取数字、字母字符特征的方法,实验证明该方法有很高的识别率,达到９７％以上,能够有效地进行字符的分类,可满足实际应用。     

Gabor filters-based feature extraction for character recognition

A new method using Gabor filters for character recognition in gray-scale images is proposed in this paper. Features are extracted directly from gray-scale character images by Gabor filters which are specially designed from statistical information of character structures. An adaptive sigmoid function is applied to the outputs of Gabor filters to achieve better performance on low-quality images. In order to enhance the discriminability of the extracted features, the positive and the negative real parts of the outputs from the Gabor filters are used separately to construct histogram features. Experiments show us that the proposed method has excellent performance on both low-quality machine-printed character recognition and cursive handwritten character recognition.     

Orthonormal wavelet representations for recognizing complex annotations

This paper describes a novel method of pattern recognition targeted for recognizing complex annotations found in paper documents. Our investigation is motivated by the high reliability required for accomplishing autonomous interpretation of maps and engineering drawings. The recognition problem is made difficult in part because characters and text may be expressed in arbitrary fonts and orientations. Our approach includes a novel incremental strategy based on the multiscale representation of wavelet decompositions. Our approach is motivated by biological mechanisms of the human visual system. Choosing wavelets that are simultaneously localized in both space and frequency, and decomposing a signal into a multiscale hierarchical basis with orientation selectivity, can provide a powerful methodology for pattern analysis. We evaluated several wavelets with different spatial-frequency characteristics and measured their performance in the context of character recognition. Wavelet bases are more attractive than traditional hierarchical bases because they are orthonormal, linear, continuous, and continuously invertible. The multiscale representation of wavelet transforms provides a mathematically coherent basis for multigrid techniques. In contrast to previous adhoc approaches, our method promises a practical solution embedded in a unified mathematical theory. A feasibility study is described in which more than 10000 patterns were recognized with an error rate of 2.6% by a neural network trained using multiscale representations from a class of 52 distinct alphanumeric patterns and graphical symbols. We observed a 10-fold reduction in the amount of information needed to represent each character for recognition. These results suggest that high reliability is possible at a reduced cost of representation.     

A configurable method for multi-style license plate recognition

Despite the success of license plate recognition (LPR) methods in the past decades, few of them can process multi-style license plates (LPs), especially LPs from different nations, effectively. In this paper, we propose a new method for multi-style LP recognition by representing the styles with quantitative parameters, i.e., plate rotation angle, plate line number, character type and format. In the recognition procedure these four parameters are managed by relevant algorithms, i.e., plate rotation, plate line segmentation, character recognition and format matching algorithm, respectively. To recognize special style LPs, users can configure the method by defining corresponding parameter values, which will be processed by the relevant algorithms. In addition, the probabilities of the occurrence of every LP style are calculated based on the previous LPR results, which will result in a faster and more precise recognition. Various LP images were used to test the proposed method and the results proved its effectiveness.     

工业器件上的字符提取及识别

介绍了一个工业器件上字符识别和获取系统.在字符提取阶段,给出了两种字符的提取方法以及互补Ostu二值化方法.在识别阶段,对第一类字符利用TM 矩和仿射不变矩提取特征并且组合成特征向量,然后利用交叉相关来识别; 对第二类字符利用模板匹配法,基于Hu不变矩和TM 矩的交叉相关分别得到各自的识别结果,然后采用投票原则来作出最后的判决.实验结果表明提出的方案是可行的和合理的.     

A novel stroke-based feature extraction for handwritten Chinese character recognition

A stroke-based approach to extract skeletons and structural features for handwritten Chinese character recognition is proposed. We first determine stroke directions based on the directional run-length information of binary character patterns. According to the stroke directions and their adjacent relationships, we split strokes into stroke and fork segments, and then extract the skeletons of the stroke segments called skeleton segments. After all skeleton segments are extracted, fork segments are processed to find the fork points and fork degrees. Skeleton segments that touch a fork segment are connected at the fork point, and all connected skeleton segments form the character skeleton. According to the extracted skeletons and fork points, we can extract primitive strokes and stroke direction maps for recognition. A simple classifier based on the stroke direction map is presented to recognize regular and rotated characters to verify the ability of the proposed feature extraction for handwritten Chinese character recognition. Several experiments are carried out, and the experimental results show that the proposed approach can easily and effectively extract skeletons and structural features, and works well for handwritten Chinese character recognition.     

一种视频中字符的集成型切分与识别算法

视频文本行图像识别的技术难点主要来源于两个方面: 1)粘连字符的切分与识别问题; 2)复杂背景中字符的切分与识别问题. 为了能够同时切分和识别这两种情况中的字符, 提出了一种集成型的字符切分与识别算法. 该集成型算法首先对文本行图像二值化, 基于二值化的文本行图像的水平投影估计文本行高度. 其次根据字符笔划粘连的程度, 基于图像分析或字符识别对二值图像中的宽连通域进行切分. 然后基于字符识别组合连通域得到候选识别结果, 最后根据候选识别结果构造词图, 基于语言模型从词图中选出字符识别结果. 实验表明该集成型算法大大降低了粘连字符及复杂背景中字符的识别错误率.     

基于矢量特征编码的手写字符识别技术

针对手写输入法中手写字符识别技术的应用需求,提出了一种利用矢量字符的矢量方向编码技术和概率论知识设计的手写字符识别系统,避免了传统手写输入法中字符识别技术的平滑、除噪、归一化等预处理过程。实践证明提取特征少,识别速度快,准确率高。     

CHITRA: Cognitive handprinted input-trained recursively analyzing system for recognition of alphanumeric characters

A novel system for recognition of handprinted alphanumeric characters has been developed and tested. The system can be employed for recognition of either the alphabet or the numeral by contextually switching on to the corresponding branch of the recognition algorithm. The two major components of the system are the multistage feature extractor and the decision logic tree-type catagorizer. The importance of good features over sophistication in the classification procedures was recognized, and the feature extractor is designed to extract features based on a variety of topological, morphological and similar properties. An information feedback path is provided between the decision logic and the feature extractor units to facilitate an interleaved or recursive mode of operation. This ensures that only those features essential to the recognition of a particular sample are extracted each time. Test implementation has demonstrated the reliability of the system in recognizing a variety of handprinted alphanumeric characters with close to 100% accuracy.Most of this work was carried out at the School of Automation, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.     

Recognizing characters in scene images

An effective algorithm for character recognition in scene images is studied. Scene images are segmented into regions by an image segmentation method based on adaptive thresholding. Character candidate regions are detected by observing gray-level differences between adjacent regions. To ensure extraction of multisegment characters as well as single-segment characters, character pattern candidates are obtained by associating the detected regions according to their positions and gray levels. A character recognition process selects patterns with high similarities by calculating the similarities between character pattern candidates and the standard patterns in a dictionary and then comparing the similarities to the thresholds. A relaxational approach to determine character patterns updates the similarities by evaluating the interactions between categories of patterns, and finally character patterns and their recognition results are obtained. Highly promising experimental results have been obtained using the method on 100 images involving characters of different sizes and formats under uncontrolled lighting     

基于连通域的模板匹配法用于字符识别的算法研究

文章介绍了一种用于字符识别的基于连通域的模板匹配算法.该算法是在传统的模板匹配法的基础上,运用了重心重叠等处理方法,并且对字符块进行连通域处理后再实施匹配,最后利用最大相似法得出识别结果.该算法在光学仪器读数图象的动态识别中取得了良好的识别效果.     

Finding words in alphabet soup: Inference on freeform character recognition for historical scripts

This paper develops word recognition methods for historical handwritten cursive and printed documents. It employs a powerful segmentation-free letter detection method based upon joint boosting with histograms of gradients as features. Efficient inference on an ensemble of hidden Markov models can select the most probable sequence of candidate character detections to recognize complete words in ambiguous handwritten text, drawing on character n-gram and physical separation models. Experiments with two corpora of handwritten historic documents show that this approach recognizes known words more accurately than previous efforts, and can also recognize out-of-vocabulary words.     

基于神经网络的汽车车图象自动识别

提出了一种利用前向三层神经网络及计算机视觉技术对汽车车型进行自动识别的方法,包括汽车车型图象的分割,特征提取以及基于前向三层神经网络的自动识别和分类,文中的所有算法均在５８６／１３３微机上实现,识别和分类效果良好。     

基于方向轮廓的小波分解车牌字符识别方法

字符识别是车牌识别的技术核心。本文提出了一种快速的车牌字符识别方法。首先提取字符的外轮廓。根据小波分解变换的性质,对字符轮廓进行多分辩分解,得到低分辨率下字符轮廓的近似,通过计算待识别字符与参考字符在多尺度下的轮廓之间的相似度,判别待识别字符与参考字符的匹配程度,最终确定匹配字符。本文对字符匹配算法进行了改进,加快了匹配速度,提高了匹配的可信度。利用本文算法,对1200幅车牌字符图像的识别,准确率达到95.4%,单字符识别平均耗时约为10ms。     

Off-line handwritten Korean character recognition based on stroke extraction and representation

In this paper, we propose an off-line recognition method for handwritten Korean characters based on stroke extraction and representation. To recognize handwritten Korean characters, it is required to extract strokes and stroke sequence to describe an input of two-dimensional character as one-dimensional representation. We define 28 primitive strokes to represent characters and introduce 300 stroke separation rules to extract proper strokes from Korean characters. To find a stroke sequence, we use stroke code and stroke relationship between consecutive strokes. The input characters are recognized by using character recognition trees. The proposed method has been tested for the most frequently used 1000 characters by 400 different writers and showed recognition rate of 94.3%.     

基于深度学习的工业视觉箱体字符识别与判断

工厂生产线上的商品包装外箱文本印刷存在残缺,无法及时检出会影响流通销售。制作工业商品外观信息数据集,提出基于深度学习的工业视觉箱体字符识别与匹配判断方法。合并YOLOv3中的卷积层和批量归一化层,引入GIoU作为边界框损失函数并设计自适应调整定位坐标的方法,优化在原始图像上进行文本检测定位的速度与精度。同时,训练并对比CRNN和Tesseract两种识别引擎在已裁剪文本图片上的识别性能,设计字符匹配方法判断字符识别正确与否并输出结果,从而减少误判。对基于该方法的系统进行生产线实测,实验结果表明,其识别准确率可达99.5%,单件商品的外观拍照、检测识别、输出结果耗时仅3 s左右,表明所提方法能够实现实时监测。     

A robust technique based on invariant moments – ANFIS for recognition of human parasite eggs in microscopic images

In this study, we propose a robust technique based on invariant moments – adaptive network based fuzzy inference system (IM-ANFIS). In this technique, some digital image processing methods such as noise reduction, contrast enhancement, segmentation, and morphological process are used for feature extraction stage of IM-ANFIS approach used in this study. Recently, the pattern recognition principles have come into prominence. The pattern recognition includes operation and design of systems that recognize patterns in data sets. Important application areas of pattern recognition techniques are character recognition, speech analysis, image segmentation, man and machine diagnostics and industrial inspection. The technique presented in this study enables to classify 16 different parasite eggs from their microscopic images. This proposed recognition method includes three stages. In first stage, a preprocessing subsystem is realized for obtaining unique features from the same group of patterns. In second stage, a feature extraction mechanism which is based on the invariant moments is used. In third stage, an adaptive network based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) classifier is used for recognition process. We conduct computer simulations on MATLAB environment. The overall success rate is almost 95%.     

词典驱动的联机手写日文病名识别研究

研究了一种有效的词典驱动的联机手写日文病名识别方法。病名词典以树结构存储,包含21 713个病名短语。在切分中,手写病名字符串通过分析相邻笔划之间的空间信息等特征被切分为原始的片段序列。连续的片段动态地合并为候选字符模式,不同的合并方式产生不同的候选字符序列,这样可构成一个切分候选网格。在识别过程中,结合病名词典匹配来限制候选字符模式的类别扩展,采用集束搜索策略来寻找到一条最优路径作为识别结果。用500个实际的手写病名样本做实验,平均每个病名的识别时间为0.87 s,识别正确率为83.16%。