双导线传输线BLT方程的离散化方法

基于Beam Liu Tesche方程(以下简称BLT方程),采用离散化方法来求解双导传输线的频域和时域终端响应.对于离散化的双导线模型,应用Agrawal模型分布源,首先获得了BLT方程在频域上的离散化计算公式.接着采用Fourier逆变换,获得BLT方程在时域上的离散化计算公式.采用这两个离散化计算公式,当知道在导线上的激励源分布的离散数据时,就可以计算线路终端频域或者时域的感应电压和电流.最后针对平面波激励源进行数值仿真试验.     

强电磁脉冲辐照下三绞线终端响应特性分析

为研究强电磁脉冲辐照下无人机内部三绞线的终端响应特性,本文基于传输线理论提出了三绞线在强电磁脉冲辐照下终端响应的建模方法.首先确定了三绞线三螺旋物理结构,给出绞线束在笛卡尔坐标系下的参数方程,建立了具有均匀扭曲特征的三绞线模型;然后推导了电磁脉冲辐照下三绞线终端电流的频域方程,采用快速傅里叶逆变换得到时域解,并与CST仿真结果进行对比,验证了算法的准确性;最后分析了三绞线终端电流随线缆长度,线缆螺距,电磁场极化角、方位角、俯仰角的耦合响应规律.结果表明：三绞线终端感应电流随线缆长度和螺距的增加而增大;入射波的俯仰角和方位角在[0, 90°]时,感应电流随入射角度的增加呈现出先增大后降低的规律.研究结果对提高无人机电磁防护能力具有重要意义.     

基于传输线方程的多根非平行传输线串扰分析

非平行结构的传输线在电力电子系统中普遍存在,当其上通有电压和电流信号时,会在周围传输线上产生串扰响应。采用时域传输线方程建立多根非平行传输线之间的串扰模型,结合FDTD方法,分析在脉冲集总源激励下受扰导线始端和终端负载上的串扰电压响应特性,将其结果与仿真结果对比,验证了该方法的正确性。研究结果表明,非平行结构中受扰线始端和终端负载上的串扰电压响应随着传输线离地面高度的增大而增大,随着传输线之间夹角的增大而变小,且减小的趋势逐渐减弱,从而为线缆间的串扰防护提供了参考依据。     

高空核爆电磁脉冲E2部分对架空管道的影响

高空核爆电磁脉冲会通过管道的耦合作用,对各种电子设备和系统造成严重的影响和破坏.为了研究高空核爆电磁脉冲对架空管道的影响,首先通过麦克斯韦方程给出了高空核爆电磁脉冲对架空管道的耦合方程,然后应用格林函数法求解微分方程得到管道上感应电流和电压的频域表达式,再应用傅里叶反变换得到电流和电压的时域波形.最后计算了基于IEC标准波形的高空核爆电磁脉冲E₂部分作用下架空管道的感应电流和电压.     

天线与天线阵

0102207Blumlein 传输线的解析分析[刊]/冯晓辉//强激光与粒子束.—2000,12(4).—517～520(D)在传输线应用中,负载终端匹配设计是一个重要问题。用拉普拉斯变换方法严格求解 Blumlein 传输线的电报方程,研究在纯电阻负载和带分布参数负载情况下,波在传输线中的瞬态传输过程,得到了清晰的物理图像,结果与通常的行波传播分析法完全一致。参5     

求解传输线方程定解的一般边界条件

求解传输线上电压/电流分布是分析其工作状态的基础,“微波技术与天线”教材给出了三种边界条件（源端条件、终端条件、电源和阻抗条件）来求解传输线方程通解中的待定系数,从而确定传输线上电压/电流分布。给出传输线方程定解的一般边界条件,即假定已知传输线上任意某点的电压/电流,则可以确定传输线上的电压/电流分布,并将教材中的三种边界条件归纳为一般边界条件的特例。     

有耗耦合传输线瞬态响应的性质与分析

本文从频域电报方程出发,推出了一个描述传输线ABCD矩阵的微分方程,并将其解析解展开为矩阵无穷级数,从数学角度严格地推导出了有耗耦合传输线瞬态响应的两条重要性质。从这些级数还可近似计算ABCD矩阵的值。为了提高效率,采取了将传输线分割成许多相互级联的子网络的步骤。文章最后给出了利用ABCD矩阵分析传输线瞬态响应的方法和两应用实例。与经典的频域模式法相比,该方法完全避免了模式分解的复杂过程,因而其计算机程序更简单,节省了大约一半的内存。     

用波形迭代法分析非均匀多导体传输线的时域响应

本文从频域电报方程出发推出了一个描述传输线ABCD矩阵的微分方程,将传输线时域响应分析从微分方程的边值问题转化为数学上更易求解的初值问题。然后利用波形迭代法数值求解非均匀传输线的ABCD矩阵,证明了一个关于迭代收敛性的定理,并据此采取了旨在加快收敛速度的将传输线分割成许多相互级联的子网络的步骤。传输线的ABCD矩阵求得后,便可借用付里叶变换和卷积技术对具有线性、非线性负载的传输线时域响应进行分析。给出的应用实例表明,诙分析方法是有效而可靠的。     

一种用于分析高速VLSI中频变互连线 瞬态响应的精细积分算法

本文利用精细积分法求解高速VLSI中频变参数互连线的瞬态响应.首先,从频域传输线方程出发,利用反拉氏变换将其转化为含有卷积项的时域方程,经过空间坐标离散后,再采用精细积分法进行求解.与以往的空间离散方法相比较,提出采用电压和电流空间间隔取点的方法,减小了截断误差.在计算常微分方程组中的非齐次项时,采用递归计算代替传统数值卷积大大提高了计算的效率.该方法对于耦合传输线无须进行解耦,在处理非均匀频变传输线时也非常方便.数值实验结果表明,该算法稳定性好,计算精度高.     

基于拓扑网络的屏蔽腔体内置微带线响应分析

针对外场激励下屏蔽腔体内微带线的耦合终端响应,提出一种基于电磁拓扑网络的半解析混合算法——传输线网络BLT（Baum-Liu-Tesche)方程法.首先建立孔缝、腔体及微带线的电磁拓扑模型,然后结合腔体格林函数法,求解磁流激励腔体内的电场分布,最后利用网络BLT方程求解各节点处的电压和电流,即可得到任意位置处的微带线耦合终端响应.通过与实测值、其他方法计算结果对比,验证了所提方法的有效性.计算结果表明：在腔体和孔缝的谐振频率附近,微带线响应出现了峰值;且微带线距孔缝越近,产生的耦合电压值越大;入射脉冲宽度越窄,相同位置处的微带线耦合终端电压越大.     

Time-domain uniform geometrical theory of diffraction for a curvedwedge

A time-domain version of the uniform geometrical theory of diffraction (TD-UTD) is developed to describe, in closed form, the transient electromagnetic scattering from a perfectly conducting, arbitrarily curved wedge excited by a general time impulsive astigmatic wavefront. This TD-UTD impulse response is obtained by a Fourier inversion of the corresponding frequency domain UTD solution. An analytic signal representation of the transient fields is used because it provides a very simple procedure to avoid the difficulties that result when inverting frequency domain UTD fields associated with rays that traverse line or smooth caustics. The TD-UTD response to a more general transient wave excitation of the wedge may be found via convolution. A very useful representation for modeling a general pulsed astigmatic wave excitation is also developed which, in particular, allows its convolution with the TD-UTD impulse response to be done in closed form. Some numerical examples illustrating the utility of these developments are presented     

TD‐CFIE Formulation for Transient Electromagnetic Scattering from 3‐D Dielectric Objects

In this paper, we present a time domain combined field integral equation formulation (TD‐CFIE) to analyze the transient electromagnetic response from dielectric objects. The solution method is based on the method of moments which involves separate spatial and temporal testing procedures. A set of the RWG functions is used for spatial expansion of the equivalent electric and magnetic current densities, and a combination of RWG and its orthogonal component is used for spatial testing. The time domain unknowns are approximated by a set of orthonormal basis functions derived from the Laguerre polynomials. These basis functions are also used for temporal testing. Use of this temporal expansion function characterizing the time variable makes it possible to handle the time derivative terms in the integral equation and decouples the space‐time continuum in an analytic fashion. Numerical results computed by the proposed formulation are compared with the solutions of the frequency domain combined field integral equation.     

Transient scattering from conducting cylinders

A method for determining the fields scattered by arbitrarily shaped cylindrical conducting structures with a transient incident wave is described. The transient scattering problem is reduced to the solution of a time domain integral equation which in turn is solved directly in the time domain by means of a digital computer. The approximate electromagnetic impulse response for a number of cylindrical scatterers is calculated using this method.     

投弃式仪器数据传输信道时频响应求解方法

针对传输函数求解船载投弃式仪器信道分布参数模型误差较大的问题, 提出了一种求解其数据传输信道时频响应的方法.时域响应采用时域有限差分(Finite Difference Time Domain, FDTD)法, 求得信道上任意位置的时域响应, 频域响应采用BLT(Baum-Liu-Tesche)方程结合电磁拓扑理论, 对信道的关键节点进行频域分析.最后测试了信道的时频域波形, 并与理论仿真结果进行对比, 结果表明:在仪器的工作频率内, 理论仿真与试验结果一致, 为进一步地研究终端电路的设计及传输方案的改进提供了理论基础.     

Transient response computation of spheroidal objects using impedance boundary conditions

The transient response of imperfectly conducting and permeable spheroidal objects is determined using the impedance boundary conditions. Since the impedance boundary conditions are not known in the time domain, the frequency domain analysis is used to formulate the problem. The use of impedance boundary conditions relates conveniently the solution to the object's physical parameters and simplifies the computations. For highly conducting objects a simplified method is used to determine numerically the frequency domain data, which utilizes the numerical code for perfectly conducting objects. The excitation is assumed to be due to a periodic pulse train and generated by a small circular loop antenna. The procedure for the computation of the transient response, at very low excitation frequencies, is presented and the response forms for different object parameters and orientations are computed.     

多导体传输线瞬态响应研究

针对多导体传输线瞬态响应的无源性问题,提出了基于集总等效源模型的多导体传输线瞬态响应模型. 从外场激励下的多导体传输线的频域电报方程解出发,将外场在传输线上激励的分布电压源和电流源与传输线指数矩阵解耦,建立了集总等效电压源和电流源模型. 为避免复杂的傅里叶反变换及卷积运算,推导了集总源模型的时域递推方程. 在此基础上,采用时域有限差分法建立了端接线性负载、非线性负载和外场激励下的不等长多导体传输线瞬态响应离散递推方程. 通过对无损传输线的仿真对比,验证了方法的有效性. 最后,对端接线性负载、非线性负载和外场激励下的不等长多导体传输线瞬态响应进行了试验和仿真分析.     

多导体传输线瞬态响应研究

针对多导体传输线瞬态响应的无源性问题,提出了基于集总等效源模型的多导体传输线瞬态响应模型. 从外场激励下的多导体传输线的频域电报方程解出发,将外场在传输线上激励的分布电压源和电流源与传输线指数矩阵解耦,建立了集总等效电压源和电流源模型. 为避免复杂的傅里叶反变换及卷积运算,推导了集总源模型的时域递推方程. 在此基础上,采用时域有限差分法建立了端接线性负载、非线性负载和外场激励下的不等长多导体传输线瞬态响应离散递推方程. 通过对无损传输线的仿真对比,验证了方法的有效性. 最后,对端接线性负载、非线性负载和外场激励下的不等长多导体传输线瞬态响应进行了试验和仿真分析.       

Wideband scattering of microstrip patches using natural modes

Model-based parameter estimation is proposed as a numerically efficient method for the wideband or transient characterization of three-dimensional antennas or scatterers. The approach employs existing frequency domain method of moment (MoM) codes to compute the necessary complex natural resonances and modes used to construct an analytic wideband model of the current response. The mode amplitudes are determined by matching reference cases thus avoiding the complicated residue evaluation of the conventional singularity expansion model. As an example, the radar cross section (RCS) of a microstrip patch is modeled over the 1-18 GHz band     

Terahertz attenuation and dispersion characteristics of coplanartransmission lines

Experimental verification of analytic formulas for the dispersion and the attenuation of electrical transient signals propagating on coplanar transmission lines is presented. The verification is done in the frequency domain over a terahertz range although the experiments are in the time domain. The analytic formulas are obtained from fits to the full-wave analysis results. It is quantitatively verified that the full-wave steady-state solutions can be directly applied to the transient time-domain propagation experiments. Subpicosecond electrical pulses and an external electrooptic sampling technique are used to obtain the time-domain propagation data. From the Fourier transforms of the time-domain data both the attenuation and the phase information as a function of frequency are extracted. The dispersion and the attenuation characteristics are investigated for both coplanar waveguide and coplanar strip transmission lines. The investigation is carried out on both semiinsulating semiconductor and dielectric substrate materials. No observable losses caused by the semiconductor material are indicated     

An asymptotic series for early time response in transient problems

An asymptotic series is described suitable for the evaluation of the early time response in a transient problem. Once the solution in the frequency domain is known in certain forms of ascending series of frequency (including optical, diffracted, and creeping waves), asymptotic formulas are developed to "translate" it readily into the time domain.