The environmental chemistry of Mahaweli river,Sri Lanka

The water pollution levels of Mahaweli River, the longest river in Sri Lanka, the basin of which covers one sixth of the Island, were monitored to probe the impacts of the urban environment in a developing country. It was observed the chemical quality is largely controlled by natural factors. From among the metals however, vanadium, zinc and copper showed higher concentrations. Pb and Cd showed a correlation co‐efficient of r = 0.58 for each other, and Co showed a highly significant correlation of r = 0.98 with Cu. The lack of correlation of Pb and Cd with the total dissolved solids (TDS) indicates an anthropogenic input of Pb and Cd into the aquatic environment. In general, the chemical quality of the water in the Mahaweli river is satisfactory for most purposes, none of the major dissolved constituents and nutrients exceeding the limit suggested by the WHO for potable water.     

斯里兰卡铁路柱桩设计

介绍了斯里兰卡和英国标准中,关于柱桩基础设计的相关内容,对其进行了总结和归纳,并分析了国内外柱桩设计的异同,以提高铁路柱桩设计效率和准确率。     

Estimating the environmental suitability of wall materials: preliminary results from Sri Lanka

Despite rapid increases in the building industry's contribution to resource depletion, waste generation and energy consumption, the creation of built environment remains vital to a country's economic development. This makes the building industry a prime candidate for sustainable development. Tools that help estimate the environmental suitability of building products can advance the cause of sustainable development.In this study, we estimate the environmental suitability of five of the most commonly used wall materials in Sri Lanka (brick, cement masonry unit, cabook, rubble AND wattle and daub). An “Environmental Suitability Index” is developed based on three parameters: embodied energy, life-cycle costs and re-usability. The possibility of using similar indices for other materials in Sri Lanka as well as elsewhere are explored.     

审视斯里兰卡的城市非正式经济

澳大利亚发展合作基金会项目经理菲克里特·舒艾卜（Fikreth Shuaib）从街头摊贩、家庭工人和回收物品收集者的角度，审视了斯里兰卡首都科伦坡的非正式经济。[编者按]     

斯里兰卡的绿色工厂-MAS Intimates Thurulie

地点:斯里兰卡面积:3.32公顷施工:2007年9月至2008年4月建筑体积:48,486m3总可用面积:7,854m2建造成本:USD2.66million(338.50USD/m2)摄影:Devaka Senevirathna,Studio Times,Sri Lanka该绿色工厂与传统的标准工厂有天壤之别,它更具有远见卓识。该厂自称是世界上第一个完全由碳中性作为源动力的服装厂。能源消费量比同类工厂低25%,而饮用水的消费量少大约50%。为了减少建筑中的具体能源消耗,外墙主体是用压缩泥砖块建     

Geochemistry of well water and cardiovascular diseases in Sri Lanka

A survey carried out on the incidence of cardiovascular diseases in Sri Lanka in relation to the hardness of drinking water reveals that a correlation exists which is geographically related. This correlation however, cannot be considered as a causal relationship and other factors possibly exist that could also play a major role in the incidence of cardiovascular diseases, e.g. trace elements.     

Some problems associated with tube well programmes in Sri Lanka

The groundwater circulation is limited in Sri Lanka because nine tenth area of the island is underlain by metamorphic hard rocks which are generally very impermeable. Therefore to satisfy the water demand some other possibilities of water resources should be explored before starting a groundwater investigation programme for a given area. Preliminary data collection is very important to assess groundwater storage. But the required data are not freely available for any river basin. Geological informations and groundwater levels obtained from dug wells are necessary to get a general idea on its occurrence. The present construction methods of the dug wells do not facilitate to flow water freely. Sources of contaminations and errors in geophysical measurements are the other important problems arising during investigations. The design and construction of each well should be individually done to suit the heterogeneous nature of each location. But it would be difficult to conduct individual analysis because of the lack of laboratory facilities closer to the well sites. There are no acceptable scientific programmes for the future developments of groundwater in Sri Lanka. The main aim of the existing projects is to construct a certain number of tube wells (irrespective of the demand) for each area. The geoscientists have no choice to construct a tube well at the appropriate location due to the interference of some sociological problems in some areas. Therefore it is necessary to establish a Groundwater Research Institute in Sri Lanka.     

斯里兰卡某水塔工程圆弧模板施工技术

介绍斯里兰卡某水塔塔身可调圆弧模板与储水池定型圆弧模板的设计与应用.水塔规格多,塔身半径变化大,故选用可调圆弧模板;储水池共有两种规格,内部结构比较复杂,故选用定型圆弧模板.本工程所采用的可调和定型圆弧模板均为新型钢木组合模板,重点对此种模板的组成、操作及施工注意事项进行讨论,简单介绍悬臂支架操作平台.此模板系统通过精心设计、试制及应用,取得了良好的经济效益.     

Construction linkages in a developing economy: the case of Sri Lanka

The importance of the construction industry stems from its strong linkages with other sectors of the economy. Despite the extensive research on input–output analysis and sectoral linkages of construction, a gap is found in the literature dealing with developing economies. The objective is to study the construction linkages in a developing economy using input–output tables compiled since the 1970s in Sri Lanka. Results show that the share of construction in gross national product and national income is lower in Sri Lanka than in developed countries. In Sri Lanka, the share of manufacturing in GNP declined while the share of services has increased with economic development. The backward linkage indicator ranges between 0.364 and 0.457 during the period of 1970–2000 while output multiplier ranges between 1.496 and 1.641 indicating the ‘pull effect’. The ‘push effect’ is found to be very insignificant. An aggregated sectoral analysis reveals high dependence of construction on manufacturing followed by services. The trend analysis shows an increasing dependence of construction on the services sector. The direct and total inputs from manufacturing and services have increased over time.     

Geochemical provinces and the incidence of dental diseases in Sri Lanka.

A survey carried out on the incidence of dental diseases and the distribution of fluoride in drinking water wells in Sri Lanka shows that 3 areas in particular had abundant fluoride (greater than 2ppm). Dental fluorosis was common in areas with high fluoride content while those areas with very little or no fluoride, such as the central region of Sri Lanka, had a high incidence of dental caries. The intensity of rain fall played a major role in the leaching of fluoride ions from soils and it is perhaps this factor which is responsible for the occurrence of a low fluoride zone in the central part of Sri Lanka. The presence of areas containing high fluoride and hence dental fluorosis coincided with geochemical provinces. In these areas, mineral deposits such as apatite and serpentine and also hot spring regions with exhalations of fluorine are found.     

斯里兰卡国家医院门诊大楼空调系统设计方案

根据斯里兰卡的气候特征并结合当地的医疗现状,分析了其国家医院新建门诊大楼的功能分区及特殊使用要求,选择合理的空调通风方式,并对其方案进行探讨,以达到优化的目的。     

联合国人居署与斯里兰卡政府签署贫民窟改造协议

温哥华，2006年6月22日——联合国人居署与斯里兰卡政府周二签署了一项备忘录，目的是在亚洲国家对贫民窟进行改造。     

Housing and home-making in low-income urban settlements: Sri Lanka and Colombia

Enabling the making of home is central to the practices of housing, but constructing home is more than building adequate shelter. It is about establishing, nurturing and managing social relationships and bringing together spaces, objects and elements to represent and celebrate desired relationships, events and memories. Drawing on empirical data from Sri Lanka and Colombia, this paper examines in detail the practices of home-making in low-income settlements. By focussing on people’s conceptions of home and by identifying key social and societal practices, the paper offers insights into the processes of home-making among ordinary dwellers in developing countries and calls for culturally sensitive and holistic housing interventions which support and complement these processes.

Seismicity and seismotectonics in and around Sri Lanka: a synoptic review

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment - Seismicity and seismotectonics in and around Sri Lanka are reviewed, considering the country in both the local and regional contexts. Seismic...     

Whole life cost performance of domestic rainwater harvesting systems in the United Kingdom

Rainwater harvesting (RWH) can be used to reduce the demand for potable mains water. At the single‐building scale, previous research has focused on water‐saving potential, while financial assessment has either been omitted or considered in an ad hoc manner. This paper reports on the application of a more rigorous financial analysis of domestic RWH systems than had been conducted previously. Whole life costing was selected as the most appropriate financial assessment technique. A total of 3840 domestic system configurations were assessed at a daily time step, taking into account various stakeholder perspectives and future cost scenarios. In each case, it was found that harvesting rainwater was significantly less cost effective than relying solely on mains‐only water. The domestic RWH systems generally resulted in financial losses approximately equal to their capital costs. Without significant financial support, domestic RWH is unlikely to be cost effective for all reasonably foreseeable scenarios.     

斯里兰卡燃煤电站排水口钢板桩围堰施工

结合斯里兰卡某燃煤电站实际情况,介绍了该电站排水口钢板桩围堰施工,分别阐述了钢板桩、围檩、支撑等的技术要求及施工工艺,并指出了相应的注意事项,为今后同类工程施工积累了一定经验。     

Application of present indices of chemical weathering for precambrian metamorphic rocks in Sri Lanka

Weathered and fresh samples of Sri Lancan rocks (metamorphic) were collected from various localities and analysed for major elements by XRF method (Rigaku, KG-X System, Japan). The amount of water was found by ignation method. The XRF results were used for various weathering indices to find the most suitable chemical index of weathering applicable to Sri Lanka. The values of each index for all samples were obtained and their variations were compared. Out of eight different chemical indices of weathering Ruxton's Ratio, Product Index and Weathering Potential Index are most suitable to find the variations of the degree of weathering in the Sri Lankan rocks. Measuring of H₂O(+) amount of rock material is a good and reliable method to find the degree of weathering to a certain extent.     

基于Infoworks ICM的斯里兰卡科伦坡港口城雨水系统规划设计

斯里兰卡科伦坡港口城雨水系统规划设计是国外填海区域雨水系统规划设计的典型实例,介绍了雨水系统规划设计新思路,结合LID措施,打造生态雨水管理体系;并介绍了使用水力模拟软件Infoworks ICM对传统雨水管网规划设计方案进行校核的基本方法以及其他相关内容;研究了潮汐水位及设计重现期对雨水管网排水能力的影响,根据降雨模型模拟结果反复调整、优化雨水管网规划设计方案,优化后的雨水管网系统满足设计要求,运行状况良好。     

援斯里兰卡国际会议中心维修改造项目的电气设计

根据建筑功能的调整、精装修设计以及中国现行相关设计规范的要求,本文对斯里兰卡国际会议中心的变配电、照明／动力配电、火灾报警及安防、电气节能等系统的改造设计进行分析和阐述。