基于时频特征的低分辨雷达微动多目标分辨方法

对同一波束内群目标个数进行判定对于提升低分辨预警雷达性能具有重要的意义。该文根据不同目标微动多普勒特性的差异,提出了利用时频的方法进行微多普勒特征分析实现群目标个数的判定的方法。该算法先利用自适应chirplet变换进行群目标信号拟合,消除交叉项的影响,得到每个目标主要微动频率分量,再根据拟合得到的频率分量呈线性的特点,利用hough变换检测直线数量,从而实现群目标个数的判定。仿真实验表明,该算法可以有效估计群目标内目标个数。     

激光声水下目标探测器的设计

针对一种水下目标的声探测方法设计了激光声水下目标探测器。对激光声信号产生机理进行研究,并开展了水下探测器发射声信号检测的实验。结果表明:强脉冲激光聚焦于液体介质可以产生爆炸性球面声源,探测器内部的声反射面将球面声信号转变为高指向性的平面波信号。通过对探测器的发射信号和接收的目标回波信号进行数值计算,发现探测器发射信号具有窄波束指向性、高距离分辨力和远探测距离等特点,可以满足水下目标探测的应用需求。     

战场侦察雷达对炸点目标的识别方法

在战场侦察雷达的应用中,对炸点目标的探测和识别,一直是一个重要课题。针对炸点和普通目标的回波特性作了讨论。文中研究了炸点和普通目标回波信号经动目标检测(MTD)处理后的特征,发现了两种目标特征谱在多普勒滤波器通道响应的特点,提出了一种在多普勒滤波器通道进行二元积累,设定检测门限来判定炸点目标的方法;另外,对目标多普勒响应的滤波器分布特征作了分析,利用炸点目标与普通目标的多普勒分布差的区别进行目标识别,并取得了很好的效果。     

小型无人机雷达特征与分类技术研究

为实现小型无人机目标识别,将雷达技术应用于探测与对抗无人机。首先从目标散射特性方面调研,研究结果表明微小无人机后向散射截面通常与鸟类、昆虫等类似,导致雷达虚警率较高。然后,从无人机回波分析研究,微多普勒信号具备判别飞行目标的可分性。比较多种微多普勒特征提取技术和分类技术,表明利用倒谱、矩阵分解以及多尺度分析能够提高特征精度。另外,为获得表征无人机旋翼部件的微多普勒信号,雷达系统需要解决目标跨波束、跨距离速度单元等问题。     

基于自适应波束形成的鱼雷对潜目标识别技术

通过鱼雷对潜目标准确识别,实现对目标的精确打击。当前的目标识别算法采用时频特征提取算法,随着海洋背景噪声强度的增大,准确识别概率不高。提出一种采用亮点回波信号自适应波束形成的鱼雷对潜目标识别算法,首先进行了鱼雷对潜攻击声探测亮点回波模型构建,采用级联滤波器进行回波信号降噪处理,对滤波后的输出信号进行自适应波束形成处理,实现信号的特征提取和指向性聚焦,提高目标亮点回波信号的检测性能,实现目标准确识别。仿真结果表明,采用该算法进行鱼雷对潜目标检测识别,准确检测概率高于传统算法,在低信混比下仍具有较好的准确识别率,抗干扰性能较好。     

机载毫米波脉冲多普勒雷达旋翼目标识别技术研究

旋翼目标是机载毫米波脉冲多普勒雷达低空与地面目标中的首要识别对象,由于其回波频谱展宽与波长成近似反比关系,使其在毫米波段呈现低信杂比、弱特征现象。本文首先在分析毫米波雷达旋翼目标特性的基础上,针对旋翼识别难题,对雷达系统前端的波束驻留时间、脉冲重复周期、杂波抑制性能、相参积累脉冲数、频综器相位噪声谱密度等参数设计提出了新的要求;之后,设计了专用目标识别软件平台,并给出了面向工程应用的专用目标识别软件总体结构,提出了利用噪声归一化的频谱数据预处理技术、识别结果积累策略以及多普勒频谱层析图分析等信号处理方法;最后,利用实测数据提取特定的特征对目标进行识别分类,并对部分中间结果进行了详细分析,实验结果验证了本文方法的有效性,对旋翼和固定翼目标具有良好的分类识别性能。      

毫米波雷达DBS回波信号仿真

为了在实验室内完成多普勒波束锐化（DBS）技术的评估、验证及优化,阐述了多普勒波束锐化（DBS）技术的基本原理及DBS图像拼接算法,结合目标DBS回波理论模型及毫米波雷达的特点,采用Matlab工具对目标的DBS回波信号进行了计算机仿真,得到目标DBS回波数据,运用DBS成像技术完成回波仿真数据的成像处理,实现了不同波束内不同方位的目标回波仿真及成像,验证了DBS回波仿真算法的正确性。为DBS回波仿真的工程应用奠定了基础。     

基于微多普勒特征的空中目标识别

分析了直升机目标回波信号的微多普勒频谱，基于直升机目标和固定翼飞机目标多普勒频谱的差别，提出了两种微多普勒特征用于识别直升机目标和固定翼飞机目标，其中一种利用了直升机回波信号正负多普勒频谱能量的不对称性，另一种模式特征利用了机身回波信号能量与旋翼回波信号能量的对比，使用仿真数据和试验测试录制的数据的计算结果表明该方法具有很好的识别效果。     

外辐射源雷达中基于八单元均匀圆阵天线的测角方法

提出了一种适用于外辐射源雷达的比幅测角方法,利用八单元均匀圆阵天线结合方向图综合技术形成覆盖全空域的十八个波束,用以对目标进行扫描.首先进行波束扫描、杂波相消、距离多普勒处理,然后在距离多普勒平面上进行测角.对参考信号中含有目标回波的情况进行了分析,参考信号中含有目标回波时原始比幅测角方法的测角精度将受到较大的影响,针对该问题,提出了修正的测角方法,修正测角方法与原始方法相比在参考信号含有目标回波时能够更加精确地测量得到目标的方位角.     

基于多普勒信号的盲自适应波束形成技术

本文相控阵多普勒雷达盲自适应波束形的问题,利用信号的多普勒信息,提出了一种新的盲自适应波束形成方法。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.