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高蜡柴油降凝剂的合成及机理探究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
以甲基丙烯酸十八酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、醋酸乙烯酯为原料合成了一系列三元聚合物的柴油流动性改进剂(DMV)。通过对抚顺石油二厂高蜡柴油的应用测试,可使其冷滤点降低4℃。用偏光显微镜观察加剂前后的蜡晶形态,发现加剂前蜡晶呈大的片状,加入DMV后,蜡晶呈细小的针状或类球状;X射线衍射对加剂前后的蜡晶分析结果表明,加剂后,蜡晶的结晶度升高。这可能因为DMV系列降凝剂中的极性基团使蜡晶表面的电性发生了改变,蜡晶之间电性排斥导致形成的蜡晶细小,并高度分散于柴油中。 相似文献
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含蜡凝析油在热油管道中的析蜡及蜡沉积问题严重威胁管线安全平稳运行,选取高凝高含蜡的英买凝析油和英牙凝析油管道为研究对象,基于OLGA蜡沉积模块的Matzain模型,以管道析蜡厚度为因变量,采用控制变量法设计并模拟进行了16组试验,初步探究了管径、管道起伏程度、入口温度、出口压力、输油量等5个因素对蜡沉积厚度的影响,最后,结合英牙线实际运行参数,模拟了英牙线凝析油在不同加热站管段之间的析蜡厚度,明确了英牙线高风险管道运行段,并对当前英牙凝析油管线清管方案提出了改进建议。 相似文献
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Egon Stahl K.-W. Quirin D. Gerard 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》1983,85(12):458-463
The solubility of jojoba oil in dense carbon dioxide has been investigated by a dynamic method between 100 and 2600 bar and at temperatures within the range 20 to 80° C. The solubility isotherms and isobars of jojoba oil are compared with those of soybean oil. The appearance of solubility maxima was demonstrated for both cases in the high pressure region. The results are discussed and their implications for preparative extraction pointed out. In order to optimize the precipitation conditions a study was made of the solubility of cuticular wax in the low pressure region as a function of temperature and this was compared with the behaviour of typical essential oil components. The available differences can be utilized for an effective preprecipitation of wax from essential oils. 相似文献
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以大庆萨北油田高浓度聚合物驱开发区块为研究对象,针对集油管线结蜡严重影响井口回压,为此研究管线淤积物的熔蜡热性。利用差示扫描量热法(DSC)对该区块油田井口到计量间的集油管线的淤积物的熔蜡特性进行分析。分别对水驱管线淤积物和聚驱管线淤积物进行热分析并得到熔蜡过程的热谱图。通过分析比较水驱和聚驱管线淤积物的熔蜡点、熔蜡高峰点、熔蜡热焓等特性参数。根据热谱图得到聚驱管线淤积物的熔蜡点及熔蜡峰温比水驱管线淤积物的熔蜡点及熔蜡峰温高将近40℃,聚驱管线淤积物熔蜡热焓是水驱管线淤积物熔蜡热焓的2~3倍。说明聚驱管线淤积物较水驱管线淤积物更难熔化,所需熔化温度更高、热量更多,也为管线热力清蜡所需的熔蜡点提供理论依据。 相似文献
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产自我国的原油大多属于石蜡基原油,在输送过程中,原油中的蜡不断结晶析出,沉积在管道内壁上,结蜡层厚度逐渐增加,导致管道内的有效通流截面减小,使输油过程变得困难,这不仅会降低输量,而且严重时还会堵塞管道,存在一定的安全隐患。在本文中,根据影响蜡沉积的因素,并结合油田清防蜡措施,总结了几种有关输油管道的清、防蜡技术。 相似文献
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Hong-Sik Hwang Mukti Singh Erica L. Bakota Jill K. Winkler-Moser Sanghoon Kim Sean X. Liu 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2013,90(11):1705-1712
Organogels obtained from plant wax and soybean oil were tested for their suitability for incorporation into margarine. Sunflower wax, rice bran wax and candelilla wax were evaluated. Candelilla wax showed phase separation after making the emulsion with the formulation used in this study. Rice bran wax showed relatively good firmness with the organogel, but dramatically lowered firmness for a margarine sample. Sunflower wax showed the greatest firmness for organogel and the margarine samples among the three plant waxes tested in this study. Firmness of the margarine containing 2–6 % sunflower wax in soybean oil was similar to that of margarine containing 18–30 % hydrogenated soybean oil in soybean oil. The firmness of commercial spread could be achieved with about 2 % sunflower wax and that of commercial margarine could be achieved with about 10 % of sunflower wax in the margarine formulation. Dropping point, DSC and solid fat content of the new margarine containing 2–6 % sunflower wax showed a higher melting point than commercial margarine and spreads. 相似文献
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分别运用灰色预测理论和灰色神经网络理论对原油管道内的蜡沉积速率进行了预测分析;应用灰色人工神经网络理论,考虑剪切应力、温度梯度、粘度以及浓度梯度4个影响因素作为主要因素的对原油管道内的蜡沉积速率进行的预测,与传统的灰色预测方法相比,所得到的预测值更为接近实际值,蜡沉积速率的相对误差绝对值在1.6%以内,灰色神经网络用于管道内蜡沉积速率预测的效果良好,能为原油管道蜡沉积规律的深入研究和制定合理的清蜡周期提供理论依据。 相似文献
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自上世纪90年代进入高含水开发期以来.为提高原油采收率和稳定原油产量,大庆油田工业化应用了聚合物驱技术,并相继开展了若干个三元复合驱矿藏试验,均取得了显著的提高原油采收率的效果. 相似文献