红外图像实时增强的新算法

针对红外图像的特点,提出了一种红外图像实时增强的新算法。该算法通过分析图像的直方图,得到图像中目标像素数峰值的估计值,并作为平台直方图均衡化的阈值。用该阈值对直方图进行修正,然后通过修正后的直方图进行直方图均衡化。在FPGA内通过采用并行处理结构及流水线技术实现了该算法,并且每秒可处理25帧128×128×8bits的红外图像。理论分析和实验结果均表明,本算法克服了采用一般直方图均衡化增强红外图像的缺点?对背景和噪声增强过度,抑制了目标的增强。该算法对红外图像增强后,图像对比度是直方图均衡化增强后图像对比度的1.8倍。     

一种有效的红外图像中人造目标分割方法

提出一种红外图像单阈值分割方法。为了减少计算量,结合先验信息选择包含待分割目标的感兴趣区域,利用Bezier曲线法平滑感兴趣区域直方图的噪声;对平滑后的感兴趣区域的直方图求解其曲率曲线,用曲率曲线的波峰所对应的灰度值作为初始分割阈值;基于先验信息从初始分割阈值中确定最佳分割阈值并进行初步分割。为了弥补单纯利用阈值法分割的缺陷,结合上述分割结果和目标的边缘信息得到封闭性良好的完整目标的二值图像。实验结果表明,提出的方法能快速有效地将红外目标从复杂的背景中分割出来,算法的计算复杂度为O(MN)。     

一种新的声呐图像处理算法

针对高频声呐图像的目标检测问题,在分析声呐灰度图像像素点的灰度分布模型的基础上,提出了一种新的快速图像处理算法。该算法利用图像中各像素点处滑动窗内像素点的灰度分布模型的参数以及灰度分布模型和归一化灰度直方图的拟合误差为特征量,构造声呐图像的特征图,并采用自适应阈值算法进行图像处理。仿真结果表明该算法具有实时性好、准确度高的特点,并且可有效地克服背景干扰的影响,有利于人造目标的准确提取。     

基于雁群优化的声呐图像快速阈值分割方法

针对声呐图像阈值分割中,直接阈值法分割效果不理想而复杂阈值法运算效率低的问题,提出一种基于雁群优化算法的快速分割方法。该方法结合声呐图像的特点,根据先验知识截取部分灰度-梯度二维直方图,对其进行最大熵分割,通过计算熵值确定最佳阈值,并在寻找最佳阈值的过程中,引入雁群优化算法进行提速。实验结果表明,该方法用于声呐图像分割时,能够得到较理想的分割效果,同优化前相比,分割速度提高了10倍以上。     

一种微弱图像增强技术研究

对传统灰度图像直方图均衡化方法进行了深入研究,提出了一种基于正切函数调整的直方图均衡化改进算法,该方法有利于提高图像的对比度,达到对图像判别的要求。 算法实现的关键是最优参数选择,因此采用了一种便于选择最优参数的方法。 另外,将图像相似程度应用于了增强效果的评价,为图像增强的实验分析提供了新的方法,具有一定的科学性与可行性。 实验结果表明,该算法比现有的图像增强方法效果更好。     

复杂场景多传感器图像的多目标分割算法

综合应用多传感器图像灰度分布特征和分形维数特征进行目标检测、应用动态边缘演化提取目标轮廓,有效解决了复杂场景多目标分割的难题.首先根据图像的内在属性应用指定直方图进行图像增强,随后分别对可见光图像应用分形维数特征、对红外图像应用最大熵法、对激光雷达图像应用局部阈值法进行兴趣区域提取;再将各传感器图像获得的兴趣区域进行交叉验证,进一步排除背景干扰;最后把经过综合处理的目标轮廓估计作为初始生长曲线应用动态边缘演化技术最终确定目标边缘.对大量的复杂场景多传感器图像测试表明,本文提出的方法较好地保留了目标的形状特征,是一种有效的多目标分割技术.     

自适应红外图像直方图均衡增强算法

针对红外图像的特点,本文提出了一种自适应红外图像直方图均衡增强算法。该方法根据原始图像的直方图,自适应地构造出一个加权函数对原始图像的直方图进行加权处理,然后采用加权后的直方图对原始图像进行直方图均衡化。算法不需要人为指定阈值,而且克服了传统直方图均衡提升红外图像背景的缺点。实验结果表明,该算法对红外图像具有较好的增强效果,能够有效地抑制图像的背景,突出目标。     

自适应红外图像直方图均衡增强算法

针对红外图像的特点,本文提出了一种自适应红外图像直方图均衡增强算法.该方法根据原始图像的直方图,自适应地构造出一个加权函数对原始图像的直方图进行加权处理,然后采用加权后的直方图对原始图像进行直方图均衡化.算法不需要人为指定阈值,而且克服了传统直方图均衡提升红外图像背景的缺点.实验结果表明,该算法对红外图像具有较好的增强效果,能够有效地抑制图像的背景,突出目标.     

关于数字图像处理中直方图均衡化的探讨

直方图均衡化就是把一已知灰度概率分布的图像经过一种变换,使之演变成一幅具有均匀灰度概率分布的新图像。它是以累积分布函数变换法为基础的直方图修正法。分析和总结灰度直方图的均衡化算法并通过MATLAB实验验证该方法能有效达到图像增强的目的。     

改进的模糊阈值图像分割方法

提出了一种自适应的模糊阈值图像分割方法,通过预分割和直方图信息相结合的方法,解决了传统的模糊闽值图像分割法难以自动获取窗宽的困难;并针对模糊闽值图像分割方法不能适用于直方图呈单峰分布的图像的缺陷,提出了一个新的平滑迭代公式。该平滑迭代公式利用像素点的邻域信息使图像增强,再使用自适应的模糊阈值图像分割方法进行分割,可以拓宽模糊阈值图像分割方法的适用范围。实验结果表明,使用该方法的目标分割正确率达97.3％,显示了较高的分割精度和较强的鲁棒性。     

采用递归门限分析的红外目标分割

提出了一种有效的基于递归门限分析的红外目标分割方法。针对传统方法在目标的相对面积较小时背景信息容易误分的问题,将传统分割方法和递归处理结合起来,用于分割红外目标。在分割时,将每次分割得到的背景部分(即暗部分)淘汰掉,而保留分割得到的目标部分(即亮部分)。对得到的目标部分进行再分割,又得到新的目标和背景部分,如此重复下去,直至得到目标为止。对传统的Otsu方法、一维熵方法、二维熵方法的递归分割特性进行了分析比较,并根据目标的先验知识提出一种合理的递归终止准则。试验结果证明,基于递归门限分析的方法是一种行之有效的目标分割方法,分割性能优于传统方法。     

Modified gamma correction method to enhance ball grid array image for surface defect inspection

BGA (Ball Grid Array) surface defect detection requires faster and more accurate methods for semiconductor industry applications. Traditionally, the BGA inspection used gray-scale images. However, the solder pad, wiring and gray scales shown in images depict little variance. Therefore, when the threshold value is poorly set or the contract rate is insignificant, BGA detection may fail to segment an object. This research proposes a modified methodology that uses Gamma correction for image enhancement. Three-color bands were applied to a modified Gamma correction algorithm (i.e. RGB) to better separate the high and low image contrasts. Better results were obtained by dividing the image into background and foreground portions using the Gamma correction. As a result, the proposed method improved the contrast value by 52.09%. After the images were enhanced and segmented, the compactness and internal holes were calculated as features for classification. The results showed that classification correctness was 96.43%. The proposed method used a 640?×?480 pixel image, performing complete defect detection 0.3 seconds faster than the traditional enhancement method, which requires 1?second. The research results provide an effective solution for the detection and classification of the BGA surface tin ball defect problem.     

Contrast enhancement using real coded genetic algorithm based modified histogram equalization for gray scale images

Histogram equalization is a well‐known technique used for contrast enhancement. The global HE usually results in excessive contrast enhancement because of lack of control on the level of contrast enhancement. A new technique named modified histogram equalization using real coded genetic algorithm (MHERCGA) is aimed to sweep over this drawback. The primary aim of this paper is to obtain an enhanced method which keeps the original brightness. This method incorporates a provision to have a control over the level of contrast enhancement and applicable for all types of image including low contrast MRI brain images. The basic idea of this technique is to partition the input image histogram into two subhistograms based on a threshold which is obtained using Otsu's optimality principle. Then, bicriteria optimization problem is formulated to satisfy the aforementioned requirements. The subhistograms are modified by selecting optimal contrast enhancement parameters. Finally, the union of the modified subhistograms produce a contrast enhanced and details preserved output image. While developing an optimization problem, real coded genetic algorithm is applied to determine the optimal value of contrast enhancement parameters. This mechanism enhances the contrast of the input image better than the existing contemporary HE methods. The quality of the enhanced brain image indicates that the image obtained after this method can be useful for efficient detection of brain cancer in further process like segmentation, classification, etc. The performance of the proposed method is well supported by the contrast enhancement quantitative metrics such as discrete entropy and natural image quality evaluator. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 25, 24–32, 2015     

Brightness preserving optimized weighted bi-histogram equalization algorithm and its application to MR brain image segmentation

Medical image segmentation is crucial for neuroscience research and computer-aided diagnosis. However, intensity inhomogeneity and existence of noise in magnetic resonance images lead to incorrect segmentation. In this article, an effective method called enhanced fuzzy level set algorithm is presented to segment the white matter, gray matter, and cerebrospinal fluid automatically in contrast-enhanced brain images. In this method, first, exposure threshold is computed to divide the input histogram into two sub-histograms of different gray levels. The input histogram is clipped using a mean gray level to control the excessive enhancement rate. Then, these two sub-histograms are modified and equalized independently to get a better contrast enhanced image. Finally, an enhanced fuzzy level set algorithm is employed to facilitate image segmentation. The extensive experimental results proved the outstanding performance of the proposed algorithm compared with other existing methods. The results conform its effectiveness for MR brain image segmentation.     

Prior Knowledge and Object Reconstruction Using the Best Linear Estimate Technique

Prior knowledge and image data are combined to produce an object reconstruction, using the best-linear-estimate technique. It is shown how this technique is related to the minimum norm method and the singular function method. How prior knowledge influences the object reconstruction is examined in detail. The concentration of image degrees of freedom to produce a resolution enhancement in the object reconstruction is demonstrated for suitable types of prior knowledge.     

Adaptive contrast enhancement based on histogram modification framework

ABSTRACT

An adaptive contrast enhancement method is proposed in this paper. The proposed method is based on the contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE) and the histogram modification framework. The predefined clip point for the clipped histogram of each block in original CLAHE may still result in excessive contrast enhancement in homogeneous regions, which gives the enhanced image an unnatural look and creates visual artifacts. By replacing the clipped histogram with a modified histogram, the proposed method achieves success in adaptively enhancing contrast in each block based on its content. In addition to this, a novel mapping function is introduced to further improve the enhanced result of histogram equalization (HE). Experiments are conducted with both visible images and infrared images to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. The results show that the proposed method gets better performance on contrast enhancement and visual quality of the enhanced results.     

Application of Image Compression to Multiple-Shot Pictures Using Similarity Norms With Three Level Blurring

Image compression is a process based on reducing the redundancy of the image to be stored or transmitted in an efficient form. In this work, a new idea is proposed, where we take advantage of the redundancy that appears in a group of images to be all compressed together, instead of compressing each image by itself. In our proposed technique, a classification process is applied, where the set of the input images are classified into groups based on existing technique like L₁ and L₂ norms, color histograms. All images that belong to the same group are compressed based on dividing the images of the same group into sub-images of equal sizes and saving the references into a codebook. In the process of extracting the different sub-images, we used the mean squared error for comparison and three blurring methods (simple, middle and majority blurring) to increase the compression ratio. Experiments show that varying blurring values, as well as MSE thresholds, enhanced the compression results in a group of images compared to JPEG and PNG compressors.