基于彩色图像分割的高温辐射体识别方法

准确识别待测目标是利用CCD图像传感器进行高温测量的关键.本文在对高温辐射体彩色图像的噪声特点进行分析的基础上,提出一种基于彩色图像分割的高温辐射体识别方法,通过对红、绿基色图像分别进行分割来减小甚至消除高温辐射体图像的各种噪声,然后综合红、绿基色图像分割结果实现高温辐射体的准确识别,并运用数学形态学方法对分割结果进行后处理以消除游离点和孔洞,使图像边缘平滑;实验表明,该方法可以有效地实现高温辐射体的正确识别,具有较强的实用性.     

基于高温辐射体颜色信息的目标图像识别方法

鉴于准确识别待测目标是利用CCD图像传感器进行高温测量的关键,为此在对高温辐射体彩色图像的噪声特点进行分析的基础上,提出了一种基于高温辐射体颜色信息的目标图像识别方法。该方法首先通过对红、绿基色图像分别进行分割来减小甚至消除高温辐射体图像的各种噪声;然后综合红、绿基色图像的分割结果实现高温辐射体的准确识别,并运用数学形态学方法对分割结果进行后处理,以消除游离点和孔洞,使图像边缘平滑。实验结果表明,该方法可以有效地实现高温辐射体的正确识别,具有较强的实用性。     

高温辐射体目标图像的组合识别方法

针对工业现场所拍摄的高温熔体表面覆盖有大量烟雾且难以有效分割的状况,提出一种目标图像的组合识别方法,即先采用分色分割算法去除杂散光、光晕和雾状、点状噪声等干扰,然后用改进的最大类间方差算法分割高温目标图像,并运用数学形态学方法对分割结果进行后处理以消除游离点和孔洞,使图像边缘平滑。实验结果表明,该方法能够有效地分割出目标图像,并减小目标图像所受的噪声干扰,有较强的实用性。     

基于形态学滤波和分水线算法的目标图像分割

提出了一种基于形态学的目标图像区域划分方法。该方法先利用形态学滤波消除不同尺度的噪声和微小干扰区域对目标图像的影响，再利用改进的分水线算法对目标图像进行区域划分，得到目标图像的基本结构。为了消除传统分水线算法引起的过分割现象，本文还给出了一种新的过分割区域合并算法。该方法能够把复杂的目标图像分割成为一系列反映目标基本结构特征的简单区域．为目标的描述和识别提供了方便。实际图像的处理结果显示这种方法行之有效。     

桥梁识别中阀值分割算法的研究

在介绍图像分割的主要特征的基础上,针对桥梁识别中图像分割的特点,提出了一种从直方图中快速自动分割的方法.与传统的最大类间方差法相比,实验验证该方法用于桥梁识别前的图像二值化处理时,能够更好地消除图像噪声,将背景与目标分割开来,有利于下一步的目标识别和跟踪.     

基于目标特征的机械零件表面缺陷检测方法

针对机械零件表面缺陷的特点,提出了一种基于目标特征的检测方法。首先,通过对测试图像进行均值滤波,以消除噪声对检测的影响;其次,通过分析表面缺陷特征设置分割阈值,在此基础上,实现对检测目标分割;最后,采用形态学滤波消除噪声和孤立点对检测结果的影响。实验表明,本文采用的方法能够有效抑制图像背景干扰,能够有效的实现机械零件表面缺陷准确检测。     

一种新的几何活动轮廓模型在图像分割中的应用

针对传统几何活动轮廓模型不能准确分割图像内弱边界区域目标以及对噪声的干扰容易使曲线陷入局部极值的情况,提出了一种基于区域梯度流力的几何活动轮廓模型.由于该区域力是对图像进行区域分割后产生的,所以能够从全局的角度为模型提供区域内目标的边界信息,进而达到分割弱边界的目的.通过引入一个扩散方程可以扩大区域力的捕捉范围,达到消除噪声干扰的目的.实验证明,该模型较好地解决了传统活动轮廓模型分割图像目标存在的问题.     

快速扩散与SOM分类结合的MSTAR图像分割算法

运动、静止目标获取与识别(MSTAR)计划表明,将合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像分割成目标、阴影和背景杂波区域对于从开放环境中进行目标识别是一种有效的手段,但由于SAR图像自身固有的斑点噪声的影响,传统的分割方法很难获得准确的分割,为此提出了一种同性扩散抑制MSTAR图像斑点噪声的方法,它能快速取得感兴趣的目标区域图像.图像预处理后,利用基于自组织特征映射神经网络的图像分割算法对图像进行分割.通过实验确定自组织映射神经网络的分类数.实验结果表明分割效果是显著的.     

基于区域增长算法的足球运动轨迹识别研究

该文概括介绍了图像的预处理技术和图像分割技术,结合足球射门运动图像的特点,提出了对足球进行识别和提取的方法,即对图像进行预处理,基于阈值进行背景消除,以减少噪声和背景的干扰,再使用区域增长法进行目标提取。基于区域增长算法,足球运动轨迹识别和捕捉成为可能。     

基于改进的自适应分水岭图像分割方法研究

研究图像分割中由于对噪声的抑制能力弱以及对大多数图像易产生过分割现象,从而导致图像分割过程中局部分割线产生偏移现象,进而使得图像分割变得困难.为解决上述问题,提出了改进的自适应分水岭图像分割方法.首先,对输入的图像进行自适应降噪滤波,以减弱因噪声干扰导致的区域极小值;然后,运用形态梯度算子对滤波去噪后的图像进行平滑处理,以减弱噪声对分水岭分割的影响;最后,对图像进行目标标记,用来屏蔽消除其它无用的极小值,仅允许标记过的极小值生长为分割区域并得到最终的分割线,达到最终分割出感兴趣物体的目的,仿真结果表明,与传统分水岭分割方法比较,缓解了分水岭算法过分割问题,增强分割算法的鲁棒性,优于一般的分水岭算法.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.