三峡升船机塔柱横梁支撑系统设计

本文介绍了三峡升船机塔柱横梁混凝土施工支撑系统的实施方案,从贝雷架支撑体系所承受荷载要求、结构强度要求以及变形稳定性要求出发,通过科学计算制定出合理的贝雷架支撑系统的支座系统设计方案、结构设计方案以及上部钢管排架设计方案,并对贝雷架支撑系统以及相应的塔柱混凝土墙体结构在混凝土浇筑前后以及混凝土浇筑过程中的应力（应变）、变形、位移进行了监测。监测结果表明,横梁支撑系统满足了横梁浇筑支撑要求,施工质量优良,安全可靠,设计与施工方案可行。     

三峡升船机贝雷架安装与拆除技术

三峡升船机塔柱横梁贝雷架支撑体系的安装与拆除属于高空立体交叉作业,而且施工场地狭窄、施工强度大,贝雷架的安装与拆除所受到的施工干扰大,是三峡升船机塔柱施工中的难题之一。本文通过对贝雷架施工作业环境的系统分析,根据不同部位的特点与要求,制定了有针对性的包括施工设备布置、吊装单元划分、吊点设置、各部位拆除方案在内的塔柱横梁贝雷架安装及拆除施工技术体系。该技术体系在三峡升船机贝雷架安装及拆除工程中得到顺利实施,塔柱横梁贝雷架支撑系统的施工进度、施工成本及施工安全均实现了良好的效果,表明该技术方案合理可靠。本文中贝雷架的安装与拆除施工技术体系可为类似条件下的贝雷架安装和拆除施工提供参考借鉴。     

三峡升船机横梁支撑系统安全监测及分析

本文从监测对象的选择、监测项目的确定、监测点的布置以及监测结果的评价等方面详细介绍了三峡升船机横梁支撑系统的安全监测情况。监测项目包括:贝雷架支撑系统在混凝土浇筑前后以及混凝土浇筑过程中的应力、应变和位移监测;相应的塔柱混凝土墙体结构变形监测;横梁排架的立杆垂直度和位移监测。通过监测结果与原型荷载试验中获取的基础数据的比较分析表明:在施工过程中,横梁混凝土支撑体系安全可靠,应力、应变和位移等监测指标均满足设计要求,能够保证横梁混凝土的顺利浇筑。同时,本工程在安全监测方面建立的方案与技术体系可为其他同类工程的安全监测提供参考和借鉴。     

三峡升船机液压自升式模板施工技术

三峡升船机塔柱混凝土施工工期紧,精度要求高,为保证施工进度和质量,采用了液压自升式模板。本文重点介绍了三峡升船机塔柱混凝土液压自升式模板施工技术、自升式模板改进措施以及为满足自升式模板上升而在塔柱板梁、牛腿处进行的结构处理措施。实践证明,液压自升式模板施工技术的应用与改进满足了三峡升船机塔柱筒体混凝土的设计要求,有效地提高施工效率、节约了成本,保证了工程质量并提高施工的安全性,可为其他水电工程施工提供借鉴。     

三峡升船机塔柱混凝土施工测量技术

针对三峡垂直升船机高薄壁塔柱结构混凝土形体及内置埋件施工精度指标要求,对三峡升船机塔柱混凝土及内置埋件施工测量中的平面、高程基准传递及埋件定位测量方法进行了研究。分别将天顶仪投点、电磁波测距及中心带照准标志的圆柱螺帽型定位装置施工测量技术运用于混凝土结构尺寸控制测量以及内置埋件定位测量。通过对实测数据的统计与分析,证明三峡升船机塔柱混凝土施工测量技术方案具有可靠性和可行性。     

三峡升船机横梁贝雷架支撑系统荷载试验

在三峡升船机续建工程中,针对塔柱横梁施工支撑体系复杂的特点,在横梁混凝土浇筑前进行荷载试验。试验选取轴1、轴2横梁及其相应的基础梁贝雷架作为模型,按照1∶1进行荷载原型试验,通过布置监测点以及采用合理的检测频率,完成试验数据的采集与分析。本次试验取得以下成果：得出了各类型杆件在加载过程中的最大应力值;随着加载量的增加,横梁、基础梁贝雷架的挠度变化量慢慢增大,模板及排架立杆高程在下降;随着加载量的增加,横梁、基础梁贝雷架都发生了较小的侧向位移,轴2横梁模板左右方向变化量和排架立杆垂直度左右方向变化量均很小;试验监测数据表明,经加强后的贝雷架杆件加载后的各项参数满足安全要求,技术方案可应用于塔柱横梁施工,保证升船机塔柱横梁施工安全。     

三峡升船机船厢室段混凝土浇筑设备布置研究

本文详细介绍了三峡升船机船厢室段混凝土施工设备的选型过程,包括船厢室段混凝土施工特性分析,投标阶段浇筑设备选型论证,施工阶段对设备选型的系统调整和优化。施工设备的工程实践效果表明,三峡升船机船厢室段混凝土浇筑设备布置方案有效覆盖了所有浇筑面,满足浇筑高峰期混凝土入仓强度的要求,施工进度、成本、安全均得到有效控制。三峡升船机船厢室段混凝土浇筑设备经过前期的合理规划,以及后期的系统调整与优化,对三峡升船机工程的顺利完建发挥了重要作用,具有较高的推广应用价值。     

三峡升船机船厢室施工程序研究

针对三峡升船机船厢室平衡重和船厢荷载的施加顺序对塔柱埋件结构部位变形的影响,对船厢室的施工顺序和设备安装顺序方案进行了研究,解决了船厢和平衡重荷载的施加顺序对螺母柱、齿条和纵向导向变位影响的施工技术难题。根据对塔柱结构进行的仿真计算结果,分析了船厢与平衡重荷载施加顺序分别对螺母柱、齿条、纵向导向部位横河向、顺河向和竖向变形的影响,通过对施工程序优化提出了合理的升船机船厢室的施工程序以及施工总进度计划安排。该施工程序能够使螺母柱、齿条、纵向导向、船厢结构与塔柱在各工况下的位移满足安全要求,并且基于该施工程序的施工进度满足升船机试运行要求。工程实践证明了本文所建立的三峡升船机船厢室施工程序的合理性与科学性,确保了三峡升船机船厢室的顺利施工,保障了升船机的安全运行,可为类似升船机船厢室的施工提供参考。     

三峡升船机塔柱混凝土温控防裂技术

三峡升船机塔柱结构复杂,属于高层薄壁结构,混凝土温度受环境温度影响较大,其混凝土温控难度极大。在施工实践中,通过优化混凝土配合比、合理布置混凝土冷却系统、科学调控冷却水温度与通水时间,科学调整外部环境温度、同时引进混凝土养护新材料、新工艺,并且加强对温控的施工管理等措施,保证了塔柱混凝土的施工质量,证明了温控方案的科学合理性。三峡升船机塔柱混凝土温控防裂技术对研究国内外升船机工程温控措施技术水平,提高水电工程混凝土施工质量,节省工程造价等具有重要的参考价值。     

三峡升船机塔柱施工技术

本文介绍了塔柱结构的整体施工程序,并详细分析了土建结构精度控制、金属结构及其埋件精度控制、混凝土温控防裂和安全控制等几个方面的施工重点与难点问题。同时,就塔柱结构在施工过程中采用的施工测量控制技术、薄壁混凝土温控防裂施工技术、高精混凝土连续快速施工技术、金属结构埋件施工技术、高空大跨度横梁结构施工技术等进行了系统的总结。上述施工技术的应用,不仅满足了塔柱高精度的施工要求,保证了塔柱施工的顺利进行,同时也为类似的高精混凝土的施工打下了坚实的基础。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.     

新闻(英文)

正China and Greece Sign the Standardization Cooperation Agreement Witnessed by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang and Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras,AQSIQ Minister Zhi Shuping and ELOT Chairman and Executive Director Angelos Tolkas signed the SAC-ELOT Standardization Cooperation Agreement.The Agreement is one of the critical cooperation documents signed during Li Keqiang’s visit in Greece,encouraging China and Greece to