杀菌剂烯唑醇聚合物的合成及其生物活性

以杀菌剂烯唑醇1为底物与丙烯酰氯2反应合成了具有生物活性的可聚合单体(±)-(E)-1-(2,4-二氯苯基)-2-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-4,4-二甲基-1-戊烯-3-醇丙烯酸酯3,以IR,MASS和1H NMR对其化学结构进行了表征。该生物活性单体3与丙烯酸4共聚制得聚合物5。田间试验结果表明,以合成的杀菌聚合物5配成18%烯唑醇高分子缓释杀菌剂,对小麦纹枯病具有优异的防治效果,2、4、8 g a.i./100kg种子3个处理剂量,防效分别为56.82%、67.18%和81.00%,优于对照药剂12.5%烯唑醇WP的防治效果。     

2006年农药杀菌剂专利（一）

具有压力控制的碳酸化杀菌剂;金钟藤提取物在制备杀菌剂中的应用;一种中草药杀菌剂;含手性三唑醇活性组分的高分子型化学缓释杀菌剂;含烯唑醇生物活性组分的高分子型化学缓释杀菌剂;用苯酐生产中产生的废酸水生产农药杀菌剂原药丁烯二酸铜的方法[第一段]     

手性烯唑醇为活性组分的杀菌聚合物的合成

以杀菌剂烯唑醇（Ⅰ）为底物,（-）-孟氧基乙酸为拆分试剂进行手性拆分,得到具有高杀菌活性的（R）-（E）-1-（2,4-二氯苯基）-2-（1,2,4-三唑-1-基）-4,4-二甲基-1-戊烯-3-醇（Ⅱ）。Ⅱ与丙烯酰氯反应生成了具有生物活性的可聚合单体（R）-（E）-1-（2,4-二氯苯基）-2-（1,2,4-三唑-1-基）-4,4-二甲基-1-戊烯-3-醇丙烯酸酯（Ⅲ）,Ⅲ经自聚或与丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚制得了杀菌聚合物（Ⅳ,Ⅴ,Ⅵ）,并进行聚合物活性组分的水解释放实验。总体上,在碱性介质中聚合物的活性组分水解释放速率大于在中性或弱酸性介质中的。Ⅳ和Ⅵ活性组分水解释放速率很低,而聚合物Ⅴ,随时间的延长,有大量的活性组分释出,初始释出质量浓度也较高,符合农用杀菌剂的速效性和持效性的要求,有实用意义。     

国内消息

新型高效广谱杀菌剂——烯唑醇在沈阳农药厂投产沈阳农药厂将于1991年生产一种新型高效广谱-杀菌剂——烯唑醇(FL—8522)化学名称:〔(Rs)-(E)—1—(2,4—二氯苯基)—4,4—二甲基—2——(1,2,4—三唑—1—基)—1—戌—3—醇。系南开大学有机元素所合成和开发应用的科研成     

苯联三唑(磺)酰胺衍生物的合成及抑菌活性

[目的]寻找新杀菌活性的苯联三唑(磺)酰胺衍生物。[方法]设计合成了系列N-(4-(3-苯基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)苯基)苯磺酰胺或苯甲酰胺衍生物,以菌丝生长速率法对其抑菌活性进行了初步评价。[结果]合成了3类12个N-(4-(3-苯基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)苯基)苯磺酰胺或苯甲酰胺衍生物,结构经1H及13C NMR确证。[结论]目标化合物收率为60.7%～81.3%;该类化合物对番茄灰霉病菌有较强抑制作用,其中11个化合物的抑菌率均大于85%,优于对照药剂烯唑醇(80.8%);5个化合物对苹果腐烂病菌的抑菌率大于74%,优于烯唑醇(68.6%)。     

固定化高分子抗菌杀生材料及其应用研究

以强酸型阳离子树脂为载体,固定化高分子季铵盐抗菌剂制备高分子季铵盐水不溶性抗菌杀菌剂,杀菌性能测定结果显示,制备的高分子季铵盐水不溶性抗菌杀菌剂对革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌和藻类均具有较明显的抗菌杀菌作用,对石化公司工业循环冷却水杀菌处理表明,该固定化高分子抗菌杀菌剂具有明显的杀菌效果,有望应用于工业循环冷却水处理.     

2013年授权的农药专利(杀菌剂篇)

<正>3-(1H-咪唑-1-基)喹啉衍生物的制备与杀菌活性本发明提出了3-(1H-咪唑-1-基)喹啉衍生物的制备与杀菌活性。3-(1H-咪唑-1-基)喹啉衍生物具有通式(I)表达的结构,式中R1为氯或氢,R2为氯或氢,R3为甲基、叔丁基或苯基。该化合物对柑橘绿霉菌、小麦颖枯病、小麦赤霉病和小麦立枯病具有良好的抑制活性,可用作杀菌剂。     

含噁二唑的新三唑类化合物的合成与生物活性研究

三唑类杀菌剂是目前世界公认的最有效最有前途的杀菌剂，以其高效、广谱的杀菌和植物生长调节活性而广受关注，如三唑酮、三唑醇、烯效唑、烯唑醇等，对常见真菌病害具有很好的防治效果，并具有增产、抗倒和生长调节作用，已成为重要的杀菌剂类型。     

一种含有亚胺唑与甲氧基丙烯酸酯类化合物的杀菌组合物

本发明公开了一种含有亚胺唑与甲氧基丙烯酸酯类化合物的杀菌组合物,含有活性组分A和活性组分B的杀菌组合物,活性组分A选自亚胺唑,活性组分B选自以下任意一种杀菌剂:醚菌酯、苯醚菌酯、吡唑醚菌酯、烯肟菌     

一种含有腈苯唑与甲氧基丙烯酸酯类化合物的杀菌组合物

本发明公开了一种含有腈苯唑与甲氧基丙烯酸酯类化合物的杀菌组合物,含有活性组分A和活性组分B的杀菌组合物,其中活性组分A选自腈苯唑,活性组分B选自以下任意一种杀菌剂:嘧菌酯、醚菌酯、苯醚菌酯、吡唑醚     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。