聚乙烯咔唑侧基含偶氮对硝基苯非线性光生色基团的合成及表征

研究了一种可作为聚合物类光折变材料中半功能型的基体材料——聚乙烯侧基含偶氮对硝基苯。以聚乙烯咔唑和偶氮盐为原料,以十二烷基苯磺酸钠为相转移催化剂,通过后重氮偶合方法,制备出聚乙烯咔唑侧基含生色团偶氮对硝基苯。用IR、UV-v is、1H-NM R、GPC对聚合物偶合前后进行了分析和表征。IR、UV-v is、1H-NM R测试表明了偶氮苯已经接到咔唑环上。UV-v is结果表明偶合反应时间对聚合物的偶氮含量有很大的影响。GPC结果表明,聚合物与重氮盐偶合后,分子量增大。     

浅谈微泡胶片的应用

一、原理微泡胶片是非卤化银感光材料,是重氮盐照相法。区别是在重氮印相中,见光区重氮盐分解,未见光区与偶合剂在碱性条件下偶合发色成正象。微泡胶片中,重氮化合物(也可以是叠氮或羰基化合物)在见光分解产生氮气,在载体热塑性树脂内部产生内     

重氮胶片的相对偶合速度及其它相关性能的研究

我们用紫外分光光度仪测定了各双组份重氮胶片显影后所得偶氮染料的吸收光谱、吸收强度及相对偶合速度,这些重氮片分别由八种常用重氮盐及十五种常用偶合剂等组成。由此我们可以得到在重氮片上进行偶合反应的一些规律,为重氮片选择合适的重氮盐及偶合剂提供科学依据,为理论研究提供重要参考资料。     

国外可热显影和可热敏记录的重氮感光材料究研进展

重氮感光材料过去和现在一直是非银感光材料中应用最广影响最大的品种。重氮感光材料是以重氮盐的光解脱氮与偶合反应为基础的。重氮感光材料,曝光后欲得到染料图象,一个必须满足的最基本条件,就是要造成那些未被曝光的微区域中存在的重氮盐与偶联剂发生偶合反应的碱性环境。为了实现在单一设备中完成高速、自动和连续显影,克服干法或湿法显影的弊病,作为一个努力     

氨基蒽醌的重氮化及其对蚕丝素的偶合修饰染色性能

为拓展蚕丝素的染色技术,通过制备1-氨基蒽醌重氮盐,并基于偶合反应机制,实现对蚕丝素酪氨酸残基的修饰着色。结果表明,1-氨基蒽醌重氮盐偶合修饰染色蚕丝素纤维可获得较高的表观颜色深度K/S值,同时,预浸碱工艺有利于重氮盐对蚕丝素的偶合修饰着色反应;偶合修饰染色具有良好的匀染性、干湿摩擦及耐洗色牢度,经DMF剥色,染色蚕丝素纤维K/S值剥除率低于6%;且偶合修饰染色有利于对纤维强力的保护。     

偶氮染料结构和色彩的关系

对各类光敏重氮盐和偶合剂偶合形成的一系列偶氮染料的结构和色彩、色泽间关系作了试验研究和探讨,为发展色泽纯正的多色重氮复制胶片提供了依据。     

侧链含噻吩基团的改性乙烯基咔唑聚合物的合成与表征

利用Suzuki反应,合成了侧链含噻吩基团的改性乙烯基咔唑单体,采用阴离子聚合方法制备了一种新型改性聚乙烯基咔唑。通过1H核磁共振谱、红外光谱(FT-IR)、差示扫描量热法(DSC)、凝胶渗透色谱、质谱(EI)、UV-vis紫外-可见吸收光谱、荧光发射光谱等方法对单体及聚合物进行了表征,结果发现改性聚乙烯基咔唑的数均分子量-Mn=2486,多分散系数PDI=1.10。紫外-可见光谱结果表明,含噻吩基团的改性乙烯基咔唑聚合物相对于乙烯基咔唑所对应的吸收峰有红移,且吸收强度增大。荧光发射光谱结果表明,聚合物较单体原料的最大发射波长红移了100nm,可作为太阳能电池给体材料应用。     

重氮片光敏性与热稳定性的研究

本文研究了九种不同结构重氮盐组成的重氮片的光敏性、热稳定性以及两者之间的相互关系,研究了各种添加剂对重氮片光敏性和热稳定性的影响。试验以堂氮片光解和热解时吸收值降低的百分率(A%)来测试重氮片的光敏性和热稳定性。测试结果表明:组成重氮片的重氮盐结构不同与其光敏性与热稳定性有直接关系,而添加剂加入重氮片不会影响其光敏性,但对由同一结构重氮盐所组成的重氮片的光敏性有一定的影响。重氮盐芳环中在重氮基间位上引入烷氧基后,可以提高由该盐所组成的重氮片的光敏性,如在邻位上引入烷氧基后,可以提高相应重氮片的热稳定性。重氮片热稳定性的好坏与构成该重氮片的重氮盐的热分解温度的高低有着密切的关系。     

碳材料的芳基重氮盐改性及其应用进展

芳香基重氮化合物作为一类新型高效的大分子表面改性剂和偶联剂,在碳材料的表面改性中发挥着重要作用。综述了芳香基重氮盐改性碳材料的机理及近年来在碳材料改性中的应用。重氮盐改性具有方法简单、快速,可供选择的活性基团灵活性大等特点,近年来已成为碳材料领域的研究热点。重氮盐改性的碳材料具有良好的物理化学性能,已成功用于生物芯片、传感器及吸附剂等的制备。     

环保型不溶性偶氮染料在防伪纸中的显色研究

采用非欧盟禁用不溶性偶氮染料制备一种新型的显色防伪纸。在纸浆中加入固体色酚颗粒,抄纸后在纸基表面上喷上一层色基的重氮盐溶液,干燥。制备出的纸张在滴加酒精后会显现出红色斑点。通过对色基红B、色酚AS-BO（偶合后显红色）用量的控制,以优化出不溶性偶氮染料在纸张上防伪显色的最佳工艺条件。对显色后的纸张进行白度、色差和物理性...     

PVK/MWNT electrodeposited conjugated polymer network nanocomposite films

The facile preparation of poly (N-vinyl carbazole) (PVK) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) solution and conjugated polymer network (CPN) nanocomposite film is described. The stable solutions of PVK/MWNT were prepared in mixed solvents by simple sonication method, which enabled successful deaggregation of the MWNTs with the polymer matrix. MWNT was most effectively dissolved in N-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone (CHP) compared to other solvents like N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), dimethyl formamide, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The composite solution was relatively stable for months with no observable precipitation of the MWNTs. Thermogravimmetric analysis (TGA) revealed the thermal stability of the nanocomposite while the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed an increasing melting (T(m)) and glass transition (T(g)) temperatures as the fraction of the MWNTs in the nanocomposite was increased. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) allowed the electrodeposition of the nanocomposite film on indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates and subsequent cross-linking of the carbazole pendant group of the PVK to form CPN films. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis), fluorescence, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) confirmed film composition while atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed its surface morphology. Four-point probe measurements revealed an increase in the electrical conductivity of the CPN nanocomposite film as the composition of the MWNTs was increased: 5.53 × 10(-4) (3% MWNTs), 0.53 (5%), and 1.79 S cm(-1) (7%). Finally, the interfacial charge transfer resistance and ion transport on the CPN nanocomposite film was analyzed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) with a measured real impedance value of ～48.10 Ω for the 97% PVK and 3% MWNT ratio of the CPN nanocomposite film.     

Sulfonation of poly(N-vinylcarbazole) studied by combined time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

A series of sulfonated poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) samples have been systematically studied by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Negative TOF-SIMS results provided unambiguous evidence that sulfonate groups are chemically attached to the carbazole moiety of PVK. The positive SIMS spectrum of PVK was, however, little affected by the sulfonation reaction. The degree of sulfonation was quantitatively determined by XPS. Therefore, the combination of TOF-SIMS and XPS is useful to follow the sulfonation reaction, both qualitatively and quantitatively. The SIMS intensities of some characteristic fragments are linearly related to the degree of sulfonation, suggesting that quantitative analysis is possible from TOF-SIMS data.     

Electrochemically functionalized carbon nanotubes and their application to rechargeable lithium batteries

Electrochemical polymerization of N-vinyl carbazole (VC) on carbon nanotube (CNT) films was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) in LiClO4/acetonitrile solutions. Comparing the cyclic voltammograms recorded on a blank Pt electrode with those obtained when single- or multi-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT or MWNT) films were previously deposited onto the Pt electrode, a downshift of the VC reduction peak potential is observed in the latter case. The influences of monomer concentration, type of solvent, and supporting electrolyte on the polymerization conditions and electrochemical properties of these composite materials are also investigated. The morphological aspects of poly(N-vinyl carbazole) (PVC)-functionalized CNTs are revealed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies. A covalent functionalization of carbon nanotubes with PVC is invoked as a result of attenuated total reflection infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopic studies. Using PVC-functionalized CNTs as a positive electrode and an electrolytic solution containing LiPF6, the charge-discharge characteristics of the rechargeable lithium cells are determined. High specific discharge capacity (approximately 45 and 115 mA h g(-1)) is reported for PVC-functionalized single- and multi-walled carbon nanotubes, respectively.     

Poly(N-vinyl carbazole) and carbon nanotubes based composites and their application to rechargeable lithium batteries

In order to prepare poly(N-vinyl carbazole) (PVK) and carbon nanotube (CNs) based composites, electrochemical polymerization of N-vinyl carbazole (NVK) was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) in LiClO₄/acetonitrile solutions. Cyclic voltammograms recorded on a blank Pt electrode and those obtained when single or multi-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs or MWNTs) films were previously deposited onto the Pt electrode show a down-shift of the VK reduction peak potential in the latter case. The influence of monomer concentration and supporting electrolyte on the polymerization conditions and electrochemical properties of these composite materials were also investigated. Morphologic aspects as well as the photoluminescence properties of the PVK/CNs composite were also investigated. A covalent functionalization of carbon nanotubes with PVK is suggested on the basis of infrared (IR) spectroscopic studies. Using the PVK/CN composite as a positive electrode and an electrolytic solution containing LiPF₆, a higher specific discharge capacity of the rechargeable lithium cells, ∼45 and 115 mA h g⁻¹, are reported for PVK functionalized SWNTs and MWNTs, respectively.     

Bacteriorhodopsin-based Langmuir-Schaefer films for solar energy capture

The photovoltaic (PV) solar cell, converting incident solar radiation directly into electrical energy, today represents the most common power source for the Earth-orbiting spacecraft, and the utilization of organic materials in this context is here explored in comparison with the present state of the art placing emphasis in organic nanotechnology. Poly[3-3'(vinylcarbazole)] (PVK) was synthesized by oxidative polymerization with ferric chloride of N-vinylcarbazole. The resulting polymer was then deposited on solid support by using the Langmuir-Schaefer (LS) technique. The pressure-area isotherm of PVK revealed the possibility of compact monolayer formation at the air-water interface. Different layers of PVK were doped with iodine vapors. The cyclic voltammetry investigation of PVK-doped I/sub 2/ showed a distinctive electrochemical behavior. The photoinduced charge transfer across a donor/acceptor (D/A) hybrid interface provided an effective method to study the PV properties of the composite LS films. The results are compared with other approaches within the biological framework, such as bacteriorhodopsin (BR), and organic nanostructured materials.     

新型含铱共聚物的合成及表征

利用2-对甲苯基吡啶(ptpy)、对乙烯基苯甲酸(VBA)和三水合氯化铱(IrCl_3·H_2O)配位,得到了铱配合物单体Ir(ptpy)_2(VBA),再将其与乙烯基咔唑共聚制得了一种含铱配合物的新型聚合物.通过元素分析、FT-IR光谱和~1H NMR谱等对Ir(ptpy)-2(VBA)和聚合物的结构进行了表征.凝胶色谱仪(GPC)测试结果表明,聚合物的数均分子量(Mn)为8230.此外还研究了Ir(ptpy)_2(VBA)和聚合物的紫外-可见(UV-vis)吸收光谱和光致发光(PL)光谱.光致发光光谱测试结果表明,聚合物在固态时,主体咔唑基团向客体铱配合物基团有着较为有效的能量转移.聚合物在501nm处有较强的金属配合物三重态的磷光发射峰,是一种绿色磷光材料.     

C60与高聚物复合膜的光电导性能

在ITO导电玻璃上制备了聚乙烯基咔唑（PVK）\C60复合膜与分散红I（PDRO）\C60复合膜,在250W的红外灯照射下,发现PDRO\C60复合膜的光电导性能明显优于PVK\C60复合膜,并对该现象作了初步解释。     

Synthesis and phosphorescent properties of the copolymers of N-vinylcarbazole,methyl methacrylate and iridium complex

The copolymers containing carbazole unit and iridium complexes, such as (Ir(bpy)₂Cl, Ir(mbpy)₂Cl and Ir(Brbpy)₂Cl, were synthesized via radical copolymerization of N-vinylcarbazole, methyl methacrylate and iridium complex. The synthesized copolymers were characterized by FT-IR, UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, respectively. According to the results, the copolymers (Ir(Brbpy)₂Cl/PVK and Ir(mbpy)₂Cl/PVK) exhibit yellow phosphorescence with an emission peak at around 553 nm under UV-visible light in the solid state. The results also reveal almost complete energy transfer from the host carbazole segments to the guest Ir complex in the copolymer film when the Ir content reaches 1.0 wt.%. The synthesized copolymers are good candidates as blue or yellow phosphorescent materials for PLED applications.     

Influence of the polymer matrix on the efficiency of hybrid solar cells based on silicon nanowires

Poly (N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK):SiNWs and poly (2-methoxy, 5-(2-ethyl-hexyloxy)-p-phenyl vinylene) (MEH-PPV):SiNWs bulk-heterojunctions (BHJ) have been elaborated from blends of SiNWs and the polymer in solution from a common solvent. Optical properties of these nanocomposites have been investigated by UV-vis absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectral measurements. We have studied the charge transfer between SiNWs and the two polymers using the photoluminescence quenching of PVK and MEH-PPV which is a convenient signature of the reduced radiative recombination of the generated charge pairs upon exciton dissociation. We found that PVK and SiNWs constitutes the better donor-acceptor system. In order to understand the difference between PVK:SiNWs or MEH-PPV:SiNWs behaviours, photoluminescence responses were correlated with the topography (SEM) of the thin films. The photovoltaic effect of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/SiNWs:PVK/Al and ITO/PEDOT:PSS/SiNWs:MEH-PPV/Al structures was studied by current-voltage (I-V) measurements in dark and under illumination and interpreted on the basis of the charge transfer differences resulting from the morphologies.