基于Slicing的快速有限元网格体绘制算法

在Incremental Slicing算法的基础上,针对有限元网格的特点,提出了一种适合于多种有限元单元类型的快速体绘制方法,由于采用硬件加速的多边形ＲＧＢＡ填充方法混合显示数据场与几何体的外表面,优化了切面多边形的形成算法,并对于小单元进行了特殊处理,大大提高了有限元网格体绘制的速度与质量。     

一种非规则数据场的体绘制算法

非规则数据场的体绘制是可视化的一个热点和难点。常用直接体绘制算法有光线投射法、单元投影法、快速体绘制算法。本文吸取了上述三种算法的优点,采用体元面投影的方法来确定光线路径;同时考虑到非规则数据场的一些特性,采取三个有效的措施大大加快了投影和求交速度;在采样中用分段积分法代替等距采样,从而进一步提高了图象质量。     

非规则数据场体绘制技术的研究

科学计算可视化的核心是三维数据场的可视化．当前三维可视化的研究热点是体绘制技术。文中介绍了三维非规则数据场体绘制技术的研究现状。在此基础上，通过对已有非规则数据场体绘制技术和算法的分析比较．预测非规则数据场体绘制技术今后的发展趋势以及将来应该重视的研究方向。除了改进已有算法、将各种算法结合起来外，还应该在硬件及系统加速技术方面做研究，同时结合漫游技术研究和开发高效的三维空间非规则数据场的可视化技术和并行算法。     

基于有效裁剪被遮挡单元的非规则数据场体绘制算法

提出了一种被遮挡单元的裁剪算法,以加速非规则数据场的体绘制过程。在基于一组平行切割平面的体绘制方法上,新算法通过对图像不透明度缓冲区中的值进行求平均操作,并将所计算的结果存储在一个与不透明度缓冲区间同样大小的平均不透明度缓冲区中,使得只需根据每一数据单元重心投影点在平均不透明度缓冲区中的值,就可得到此数据单元的可见性,从而有效裁剪掉被遮挡单元,降低需处理的数据量,加速体绘制过程。     

Stochastic Volume Rendering of Multi‐Phase SPH Data

In this paper, we present a novel method for the direct volume rendering of large smoothed‐particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulation data without transforming the unstructured data to an intermediate representation. By directly visualizing the unstructured particle data, we avoid long preprocessing times and large storage requirements. This enables the visualization of large, time‐dependent, and multivariate data both as a post‐process and in situ. To address the computational complexity, we introduce stochastic volume rendering that considers only a subset of particles at each step during ray marching. The sample probabilities for selecting this subset at each step are thereby determined both in a view‐dependent manner and based on the spatial complexity of the data. Our stochastic volume rendering enables us to scale continuously from a fast, interactive preview to a more accurate volume rendering at higher cost. Lastly, we discuss the visualization of free‐surface and multi‐phase flows by including a multi‐material model with volumetric and surface shading into the stochastic volume rendering.     

Three Architectures for Volume Rendering

Volume rendering is a key technique in scientific visualization that lends itself to significant exploitable parallelism. The high computational demands of real-time volume rendering and continued technological advances in the area of VLSl give impetus to the development of special-purpose volume rendering architectures. This paper presents and characterizes three recently developed volume rendering engines which are based on the ray-casting method. A taxonomy of the algorithmic variants of ray-casting and details of each ray-casting architecture are discussed. The paper then compares the machinefeatures and provides an outlook onfuture developments in the area of volume rendering hardware.     

基于边界体素的Shear-warp Splatting体绘制算法

将错切空间中体素投影到中间图像平面的过程中,要影响到该体素对应象素周围的其它象素,该文重新设计了计算对应象素权值的简单方法,使结果图像的质量与最近邻点投影方法相比有较大提高。为了加速体绘制,方法是先找出切片数据集中包围同种物质的边界体素,由于被这一边界所包围的体素有相同的属性,可以一次投影这一体素块,从而提高了绘制速度。文章还设计了低、中、高三种不同分辨率的投影模式,可根据需要选择一种。在数据结构上,使用了索引和游程编码方式,缩减了存储容量并加快了查找边界体素的速度。     

不规则地质体的分割与体绘制方法研究

提出一种基于局部信息的区域增长方法(LI—RGA),该方法克服了最小偏差区域增长算法(R—RGA)中一致性准则函数定义的模糊性问题．实验结果证明,算法的分割准确性有所下降,但基本上不影响对不规则地质体的解释和分析工作．针对地震数据的特点,对传统光线投射算法进行了简化,并将分割出的不规则地质体定义成区域模板,再与改进的光线投射体绘制算法结合起来．实验证明,此方法能够清晰地再现数据体中的不规则地质体,并能同时显示重要的地质特征体．     

加速体绘制技术

根据体绘制成像的各个操作环节，对体绘制的加速技术进行了较全面且系统的介绍，包括色彩合成、光线与数据的求交、插值计算、排序及视见变换、对体绘制的基于硬件及系统方面的加速技术（如并行体绘制和漫游体绘制）也进行了一些讨论，在实际应用中，只有将各种加速技术进行有机地结合才能充分发挥体绘制的可视化作用。     

基于Shear-Warp算法的三维地震数据场体绘制

利用三维可视化软件包,采用Shear—Warp算法实现地震数据的模型可视化,并给出了具体算法流程。实验结果表明此算法可提高地震数据的体绘制速度,实现地震数据解释的实时交互式绘制,为地质勘探提供可视化依据。     

Compression Domain Volume Rendering for Distributed Environments

This paper describes a method for volume data compression and rendering which bases on wavelet splats. The underlying concept is especially designed for distributed and networked applications, where we assume a remote server to maintain large scale volume data sets, being inspected, browsed through and rendered interactively by a local client. Therefore, we encode the server’s volume data using a newly designed wavelet based volume compression method. A local client can render the volumes immediately from the compression domain by using wavelet footprints, a method proposed earlier. In addition, our setup features full progression, where the rendered image is refined progressively as data comes in. Furthermore, framerate constraints are considered by controlling the quality of the image both locally and globally depending on the current network bandwidth or computational capabilities of the client. As a very important aspect of our setup, the client does not need to provide storage for the volume data and can be implemented in terms of a network application. The underlying framework enables to exploit all advantageous properties of the wavelet transform and forms a basis for both sophisticated lossy compression and rendering. Although coming along with simple illumination and constant exponential decay, the rendering method is especially suited for fast interactive inspection of large data sets and can be supported easily by graphics hardware.     

基于遮挡单元裁剪的非规则数据场体绘制算法研究

通过建立一个与不透明度缓冲区同样大小的平均不透明度缓冲区,就可根据数据单元重心点在平均不透明度缓冲区内的值判定数据单元的可见性,从而使得在以物体空间为序的非规则数据场体绘制过程中直接将投影完全位于不透明区域内的数据单元裁剪掉,极大地减少需处理的数据量,加速绘制过程。     

基于数据场特征的直接体绘制方法

论文在数据点分类的基础上,采用不同的方式计算表面采样点和内部采样点的颜色,改进了物质单一的数据场的光线投射体绘制方法。对物体模型内部的各数据点,采用一种简单的颜色映射经验模型来求解,简化了数据场内部数据点颜色的计算,减少了计算量,提高了绘制效率。     

基于可见性选择体元的投影成像体绘制方法

基于可见性避免了对不可见体元的合成操作,是提高体绘制速度的有效方法.为此提出了一种方法,根据体元基于体元面的相邻性及累积非透明度没有饱和的像素来挑选体元进行处理.这使得投影成像方法能有效地避免处理不可见体元.该方法不仅适用于平行投影和透视投影的成像运算,而且能处理各种规则场和非规则场.     

四种体绘制算法的分析与评价

体绘制技术是科学计算可视化的重要组成部分,具有较大的研究价值和广阔的应用前景。体绘制有两种方法即间接体绘制和直接体绘制,直接体绘制(简称体绘制)以其在体数据处理及特征信息表现方面的优势,已经得到了研究者越来越多的重视。文章对四种典型的体绘制算法进行了描述,并概述了它们的改进之处,同时对它们各自的性能进行了分析和评价。     

Recent Advances in Volume Visualization

In the past few years, there have been key advances in the three main approaches to the visualization of volumetric data: isosurfacing, slicing and volume rendering, which together make up the field of volume visualization.
In this survey paper we set the scene by describing the fundamental techniques for each of these approaches, using this to motivate the range of advances which have evolved over the past few years.
In isosurfacing, we see how the original marching cubes algorithm has matured, with improvements in robustness, topological consistency, accuracy and performance. In the performance area, we look in detail at pre-processing steps which help identify data which contributes to the particular isosurface required. In slicing too, there are performance gains from identifying active cells quickly.
In volume rendering, we describe the two main approaches of ray casting and projection. Both approaches have evolved technically over the past decade, and the holy grail of real-time volume rendering has arguably been reached.
The aim of this review paper is to pull these developments together in a coherent review of recent advances in volume visualization.     

A Survey of Volumetric Illumination Techniques for Interactive Volume Rendering

Interactive volume rendering in its standard formulation has become an increasingly important tool in many application domains. In recent years several advanced volumetric illumination techniques to be used in interactive scenarios have been proposed. These techniques claim to have perceptual benefits as well as being capable of producing more realistic volume rendered images. Naturally, they cover a wide spectrum of illumination effects, including varying shading and scattering effects. In this survey, we review and classify the existing techniques for advanced volumetric illumination. The classification will be conducted based on their technical realization, their performance behaviour as well as their perceptual capabilities. Based on the limitations revealed in this review, we will define future challenges in the area of interactive advanced volumetric illumination.     

几种变换域体绘制算法的比较研究

医学图像三维重建技术具有重要的学术意义和应用价值。变换域体绘制是该重建技术的一个新兴的重要分类,目前它已成为一个热点研究方向。综述了变换域体绘制下的傅里叶体绘制、哈特里体绘制、小波域射线投射法、小波足迹法典型算法的算法思想和优缺点,而且通过列表与其它三维医学图像可视化算法的特点及性能进行了分析比较,从而得出变换域体绘制具有绘制速度快、图像品质高等其它绘制算法不可比拟的优点及其相应的改进之处。     

离散场的一种快速体绘制方法

针对大规模离散数据场的特点,首先给出了三维直线的两种体素化表示方法,然后建立了三维离散直线的基路径,并提出了基于基路径的直接体绘制方法。该方法由于充分利用了射线之间的相关性,所以可明显加速体绘制过程,且对高分辨率离散数据场有普遍的应用价值。     

体绘制方法研究与实现

体绘制方法是当前研究的一个热点问题,它的应用遍及医学、地质学、物理学、和科学计算等诸多领域。但目前它仍处于发展阶段,有许多问题都有待于进一步的研究。该文对体绘制方法中的若干算法进行了研究与比较,实现的算法是基于开发平台windows SDK,用C语言和原始的API编写Windows程序,以提供最佳的性能、最强大的功能和最大的灵活性。