一种组合调制的脉冲超宽带测控信号

将脉冲超宽带(IR-UWB)信号应用于航天测控领域,能够有效提高当前航天测控系统的隐蔽性、抗干扰性和测量性能,具有重要的现实意义.将DS-PAM(Direct Spread-Pulse Amplitude Mod-ulation)调制、TH-PPM(Time Hopping-Pulse Position Modulation)调制的信号和PSM(Pulse Shape Modulation)调制技术组合起来,可构成一种新的组合调制的脉冲超宽带信号,即DS-PAM-TH-PPM-PSM-UWB(Direct Spread-Pulse Amplitude Modulation-Time Hopping-Pulse Position Modulation-Pulse Shape Modulation-Ultra Wideband)信号.利用对数正态阴影模型分析其传输性能,在单频干扰信号条件下分析其抗干扰性能,利用模糊函数分析其测量性能.仿真结果表明,相比于传统的DS-PAM-UWB信号和TH-PPM-UWB信号,该组合信号具有良好的传输性能、抗干扰性能和测量性能,为脉冲超宽带信号应用于航天测控领域提供了更多的选择.     

Subharmonic modulation distortions in semiconductor lasers with optical feedback

Experimental studies of subharmonic modulation distortions of semiconductor lasers with optical feedback are described. These distortions were found to exhibit almost resonant frequency characteristics and threshold behaviour against the modulation frequency and its depth, respectively. It was inferred that they would be excited by parametric interactions caused by some laser diode parameter changes due to modulation.     

Intensity distortion induced by cross-phase modulation andchromatic dispersion in optical-fiber transmissions with dispersioncompensation

In dispersion compensated systems, the intensity distortion induced by the interplay between cross-phase modulation and fiber chromatic dispersion can be a primary cause of transmission degradation. This interplay is mostly studied by time-consuming computer simulations. This letter introduces a new model of this interplay in fiber transmissions with dispersion compensation, leading to a linear filter that, applied to the input intensity of a modulated interfering channel, gives the intensity distortion of a continuous-wave probe signal at the receiver. The model can be of significant value in the search for optimized dispersion maps     

多周期色散管理系统中交叉相位调制产生的相移研究

以泵浦探测波结构为例,针对多周期色散管理系统,研究了色散作用下交叉相位调制产生的相位移动,推导了多段放大线路中色散作用下交叉相位调制产生的相移表达式,对该表达式进行简化得到了特定线路中色散作用下交叉相位调制所致的相移表达式。研究表明,线路总相移正比于传输线路中的光纤段数,随着调制频率的提高,相移量总体趋势逐渐减小,局部出现极大极小波动,且波动周期随走离参量增大逐渐减小,在高频段色散对交叉相位调制产生的相移产生显著影响,随着调制频率的提高,色散对相移的贡献正负交替变化,解析和仿真结论能较好吻合。     

Experimental investigation of a modified NOLM for phase-encoded signal regeneration

We experimentally investigate the amplitude and phase transfer characteristics of a modified nonlinear optical loop mirror (NOLM) with a directional attenuator (DA-NOLM) optimized for differential phase-shift keying signal regeneration. The results show that the phase relation is preserved in the setup and thus the DA-NOLM is suitable for amplitude regeneration of phase-shift-keyed signals.     

The influence of fiber dispersion on the transmission performance of a quadruple-frequency optical millimeter wave with two signal modulation formats

This paper reports investigations of the transmission performance of a 40 GHz dual-tone optical millimeter (mm) wave by quadrupling a radio-frequency local oscillator via a single dual-electrode Mach–Zehnder modulator based on the transmission function of the dispersive fiber. The theoretical analysis and simulation results show that, although the fiber chromatic dispersion does not cause a fading effect on the optical mm wave with the two signal modulation formats, the bit walk effect caused by the time shift of the sidebands due to fiber dispersion limits its transmission distance as the signal is modulated on the two tones. The limitation of transmission distance caused by the bit-walk effect can be overcome if the signal is modulated on only one of its two tones, and, in this way, the transmission distance is greatly extended. Moreover, the dual-tone data modulation format is more suitable for a radio-over-fiber link with transmission distance less than 40 km owing to the good signal performance and ease of implementation, while single-tone data modulation can be applied for a longer fiber link, even up to 120 km.     

Dispersion distortions of a complex signal in gyrotropic plasma

The problem on a frequency-modulated radio pulse propagating along the magnetic field in cold collisional plasma is solved analytically. The character of distortions of a rectangular quasi-harmonic pulse and ultrawideband pulses with the widebandedness parameter ranging from 0.3 to 1.33 is considered in the case of ionospheric conditions when distortions are due to the gyrotropicity of the plasma medium. It is found that, for long paths, the radiated monopulse may split into series of ordinary and extraordinary subpulses. This effect is observed when the frequency modulation law is appropriately chosen.     

基于FrFT的线性调频-伪码调相复合调制雷达信号截获与特征提取

针对线性调频-伪码调相复合调制雷达信号(LFM-PRBC)的截获与特征提取问题,提出了一种基于分数阶傅里叶变换(FrFT)平面切割与相关检测相结合的新方法.理论分析和计算机仿真验证表明,该方法具有较好的有效性和准确性,能快速完成高斯白噪声背景下低信噪比复合调制雷达信号的截获与特征提取,有一定的实际应用价值.     

Analysis of signal degree of polarization degradation induced by polarization-mode dispersion in optical fibers

We study analytically and numerically optical signal degree of polarization (DOP) degradation induced by polarization-mode dispersion (PMD) in optical fiber transmissions, using the Eyal-Marshall-Tur-Yariv (EMTY) model and Monte Carlo simulations. The results show the inaccuracy of second-order PMD approximation in the EMTY model and the inapplicability of employing DOP as feedback signal for high-order PMD compensation.     

Dispersion distortions of ultrabroadband radio pulse with harmonic frequency modulation in cold isotropic plasma

Specific features and regularities of the dispersion distortions of ultrabroadband radio pulse with harmonic frequency modulation in the meter-wavelength range are considered for isotropic cold plasma. It is demonstrated that the typical feature of the distortions that remains unchanged upon variations in the main parameters of pulses involves the formation and subsequent decay of narrow and relatively high peaks of envelope. The effect of the initial phase of the frequency modulation on the characteristics of the propagating pulse is described.     

半导体激光器三阶载波互调非线性失真

对半导体激光器的P-I特性曲线的非线性引起的三阶载波互调非线性失真进行了理论分析,得出了减少非线性失真的方法,并在实验上获得了验证.     

Synthesis of multidimensional signal constellations with quadrature amplitude modulation

The multidimensional constellations of quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signals are proposed. Each symbol incorporates the blocks of QAM signals not only carrying the same information content but also composed of the symbols of different higher order constellations (in contrast to the simple 1D modulation where each QAM symbol carries its intrinsic information). The multidimensional constellations of QAM signals are synthesized using the optimization algorithm based on the criteria for enhancing the energy or spectral efficiency of digital data transmission systems. The characteristics of interference immunity of the proposed signals are estimated with the help of analytical calculations and simulation. The relationships making it possible to consider faster-than-Nyquist signaling technology as a particular case of the multidimensional constellations of QAM signals are derived. It is demonstrated that the obtained signals provide an energy gain with respect to traditional 1D signals, in particular, ensure the operability at SNRs smaller than those inherent to binary phase-shift keying signals.     

光诱导光子晶格折射率调制度的实验研究

在不同掺Fe浓度的LiNbO3晶体中,分别用红光和绿光写入光子晶格,利用双光束干涉研究,晶格周期、掺Fe浓度、光波波长与晶格的光致折射率调制度之间的关系.实验结果表明:当用红光(λ=633 nm)写入光子晶格时,掺Fe浓度不大于0.05 wt%;当用绿光(λ=532 nm)写入光子晶格,掺Fe浓度不大于0.03、wt%时,LiN-bO3:Fe晶体的光致折射率调制度随晶格周期的变化存在一个极大值,并随掺铁浓度的增加,相应的折射率调制度极大值也增大,且向品格周期小的方向移动,这与一中心模型理论得到的关系曲线的变化趋势是相一致的;若掺Fe浓度大于以上两值,理论曲线则完全与实验曲线不符,说明一中心模型的空间电荷场理论只适用于小掺Fe浓度的LiNbO3晶体;实验还发现LiNbO3:Fe晶体折射率调制度跟写入光波长有关,用同一块晶体,绿光写入时调制度会比红光更大,且极大值更向晶格周期小的方向移动.     

Experimental investigation of the minimum signal for reliable operation of DRAM sense amplifiers

Discusses the measurement of the minimum sense signal necessary for proper operation of the dynamic RAM (DRAM) sense amplifier. The minimum sense signal has been investigated experimentally by using a test structure that is basically a modified cross-coupled sense amplifier with 16-Mb DRAM feature sizes. Measured 5 sigma values of 27 mV correspond to variation in gate length, whereas 10 mV is found for bit-line capacitance asymmetries. The way that the minimum sense signal is affected by the different trigger-pulse slopes was investigated. A simple but illustrative analysis of the effect of device mismatches is developed and the measured values are compared with theoretical limits.<>     

GMSK调制信号的仿真

主要介绍数字调制技术GMSK的调制原理和仿真。首先，介绍了GMSK的基本原理，它是在MSK基础上发展的一种用于移动通信上的现代数字调制技术，然后介绍了GMSK的调制信号的仿真。该仿真主要利用了、Mathworks公司的MATLAB软件，仿真分为I信道和Q信道的仿真。     

Compensation of thermally induced modal distortions in Faraday isolators

Two methods of compensation of thermal lensing in high-power terbium gallium garnet (TGG) Faraday isolators have been investigated in detail: compensation by means of an ordinary negative lens and compensation using FK51 Schott glass possessing a negative dn/dT. Key thermooptic constants for TGG crystals and FK51 glass were measured. We find that the contribution of the photoelastic effect to the total thermal lens cannot be neglected for either TGG or FK51. We define a figure of merit for compensating glass and show that for FK51, an ordinary negative lens with an optimal focus is more efficient, but requires physical repositioning of the lens for different laser powers. In contrast, the use of FK51 as a compensating element is passive and works at any laser power, but is less effective than simple telescopic compensation. The efficiency of adaptive compensation can be considerably enhanced by using a compensating glass with figure of merit more than 50, a crystal with natural birefringence or gel.     

Cross-phase modulation in fiber links with multiple opticalamplifiers and dispersion compensators

We have theoretically and experimentally investigated the cross-phase modulation (XPM) effect in optical fiber links with multiple optical amplifiers and dispersion compensators. Our theory suggests that the XPM effect can be modeled as a phase modulator with inputs from the intensity of copropagating waves. The frequency response of the phase modulator corresponding to each copropagating wave depends on fiber dispersion, wavelength separation, and fiber length. The total XPM-induced phase shift is the integral of the phase shift contributions from all frequency components of copropagating waves. In nondispersive fibers, XPM is frequency-independent; in dispersive fibers, XPM's frequency response is approximately inversely proportional to the product of frequency, fiber dispersion, and wavelength separation. In an N-segment amplified link, the frequency response of XPM is increased N-fold, but only in very narrow frequency bands. In most other frequency bands, the amount of increase is limited and almost independent of N. However, in an N-segment amplified link with dispersion compensators, the frequency response of XPM is increased N-fold at all frequencies if the dispersion is compensated for within each fiber segment. Thus, the XPM-induced phase shift is smaller in systems employing lumped dispersion compensation than in systems employing distributed dispersion compensation     

Cross-phase modulation induced modulation instability in single-mode optical fibers with saturable nonlinearity

Taking into account the saturable nonlinearity of the single-mode optical fibers, condition and gain spectra of scalar modulation instability induced by cross-phase modulation of two optical waves of different frequencies with the same polarizations are investigated. In both of the normal and anomalous dispersion regions, the contour plots of gain spectra of modulation instability with gray levels, the critical perturbation frequency (or instability domain), and the peak perturbation gain versus the input powers of the two waves are analyzed and discussed. The results show that, the critical perturbation frequency (or instability domain) and the peak perturbation gain increase with the input power, reaching a maximum value, and then decrease. This leads to a unique value of peak perturbation gain and critical perturbation frequency for two different input powers.     

Experimental equalization of polarization dispersion

A demonstration of the equalization of polarization dispersion in a direct-detection lightwave system is described. Polarization-maintaining fiber was used to generate first-order polarization dispersion, and equalization was achieved by a manually adjustable, analog tapped delay line that equalized the baseband electrical signal at the receiver. At a 1.1 Gb/s rate, a two-tap equalizer reduced the intersymbol interference due to polarization dispersion by more than 20 dB, eliminating a 3-dB eye-closure penalty. The error rate was reduced from 10^-6 to below 10^-9