芳纶短纤维增强硅橡胶阻尼材料的制备及性能研究

以芳纶纤维和苯基硅橡胶为原料,制得芳纶短纤维增强硅橡胶阻尼材料,研究了纤维长度、纤维用量及纤维处理方式对阻尼材料力学性能与阻尼特性的影响。结果表明,硫酸酸蚀处理可增大纤维表面粗糙度,而硅烷偶联剂则附着于纤维表面,实验所涉纤维处理方式中,γ-(甲基丙烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷与纤维的结合最好,以其制得的阻尼材料的拉断伸长率最高,达到524%。阻尼材料的弹性模量随纤维长度的增加变化不明显,但随纤维用量的增加而略有增加。纤维长度对阻尼材料的储能模量与损耗因子的影响较小;而随着纤维用量的增加,材料的储能模量与损耗因子增加,使得材料的阻尼性能得到改善。相比于基体硅橡胶,制备的短纤维增强阻尼材料的损耗因子提高明显。     

芳纶纤维过滤材料的应用

介绍了电除尘器的特点和局限性,以及袋式除尘器的优势。详细介绍了袋式除尘器常用过滤材料芳香族聚酰胺纤维、聚苯硫醚纤维、聚酰亚胺纤维、聚四氟乙烯纤维、芳砜纶的常用牌号、使用性能、应用领域以及和玻璃纤维的结合应用性能。测试了芳纶纤维的过滤性能,简要介绍了芳纶纤维的应用前景等。研究认为,芳纶滤料性价比高,应用优势明显,是水泥、钢铁、有色冶金等领域除尘的理想材料。     

Comparative Analysis of the Deformation Characteristics of Aramid Textile Materials

Fibre Chemistry - A comparative analysis is made of the deformation characteristics of aramid textile fibers and of articles made from them. The deformation characteristics of the materials are...     

Prediction of Creep of Synthetic Protective Clothing Materials

Fibre Chemistry - Methods for predicting creep processes of synthetic sewing materials used for devices of personal protection from mechanical impacts are reviewed.     

芳纶水解处理及对ABS/芳纶复合材料性能影响

采用水解反应对芳纶1414(PPTA)进行了表面处理。制备了丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)/PPTA,研究了PPTA水解处理时间对ABS/PPTA拉伸性能和弯曲性能的影响,分析了水解处理对ABS/PPTA微观结构的影响。结果表明,经过水解处理的PPTA部分酰胺键断裂,生成了—OH,且其表面粗糙,形成了浅沟槽;水解处理提高了PPTA与ABS树脂的相容性,改善了ABS/PPTA的力学性能。当PPTA水解处理时间为18h时,ABS/PPTA的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率比未水解处理的分别提高了9.2%和57%,弯曲强度和弯曲模量分别达到76.24 MPa和3.40 GPa。     

偏二甲肼防护服涂覆层橡胶材料的研究

对偏二甲肼防护服涂覆层橡胶材料进行研究。结果表明:氯化丁基橡胶(CIIR)、丁基橡胶和三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)胶片耐偏二甲肼溶胀性能较好,氟橡胶和天然橡胶胶片的耐溶胀性能较差;CIIR胶膜耐偏二甲肼和芥子气的渗透性能均优于EPDM胶膜;用聚酰胺织物作骨架材料的CIIR涂覆织物性能达到相应国家或行业标准要求,满足供需双方对肼类防护服验收规范的要求,用其制做的偏二甲肼专用防护服防护时间长,防护效果好。     

表面处理芳纶纤维在丁羟橡胶中的应用

为改进芳纶纤维的表面光滑、化学惰性强、与橡胶黏结性能差等缺点,用硅烷偶联剂KH-550对其表面进行改性处理.用电子能谱仪(ESCA)和扫描电镜(SEM)对改性后的纤维和丁羟橡胶表面进行了测试,结果表明:C元素的含量明显下降,N和O元素的含量提高,纤维表面活性提高.制得芳纤/丁羟橡胶复合材料的拉伸强度由未处理的2.58 MPa提高到处理后的3.22 MPa.处理后,由SEM得到芳纶纤维丁羟橡胶复合材料表面的丁羟橡胶量增加.在KH-550的质量分数为5%、处理时间为5 h的条件下,芳纶纤维的处理效果最佳.     

芳纶纤维、粉煤灰对混凝土性能的影响

研究了掺加芳纶纤维、粉煤灰对混凝土的力学、抗渗性能的影响。结果表明,芳纶纤维、粉煤灰对混凝土的抗压强度影响不明显,抗折强度、抗渗性能得到明显提高。掺加0．6％的芳纶纤维和10％的粉煤灰时,试样的力学性能和抗渗性能最优,抗折强度提高了30．77％,抗压强度提高了5．69％,抗渗性能提高了24．6％。     

短切芳纶纤维增强酚醛泡沫性能的研究

为了改善酚醛泡沫的性能,选用短切芳纶纤维作为增强材料,考察了不同短切芳纶纤维用量对酚醛泡沫压缩强度、压缩弹性模量、泡孔结构以及热稳定性能的影响。结果表明,短切芳纶纤维可以有效地增强酚醛泡沫的压缩性能。随着短切芳纶纤维用量的增加,酚醛泡沫的压缩强度和压缩弹性模量呈现先增加后减小的变化趋势。当短切芳纶纤维用量为4份时,酚醛泡沫的压缩强度比未添加短切芳纶纤维的酚醛泡沫提高约38%。短切芳纶纤维用量影响酚醛泡沫的泡体直径及其分布。当短切芳纶纤维用量为8份时,短切芳纶纤维在酚醛泡沫中的分布很不均匀,酚醛泡沫脆断截面上泡体破损现象较为严重,集束分布的短切芳纶纤维对酚醛泡沫的结构和力学性能带来不利影响。添加短切芳纶纤维可以明显提高酚醛泡沫在高温条件下(400℃)的热稳定性。     

芳纶纤维增强天然橡胶性能的研究

以磷酸、环氧树脂预处理芳纶,用端羟基液体橡胶和母炼胶法增强界面粘合,预分散纤维,进行NR的混炼和硫化,在混炼胶中纤维含量不变的前提下,采用均匀设计试验研究了母炼胶中芳纶纤维（AF）和液体橡胶（LIR）含量对硫化胶力学性能的影响。结果表明,母炼胶中AF和LIR的含量可通过改变复合材料中纤维的长度、纤维的分散性及界面的粘接对硫化天然橡胶的力学性能产生影响。通过光学显微镜、电子显微镜和动态力学性能检测,分析了纤维在混炼胶和硫化胶中的长度和形态对材料性能的影响。     

芳纶的市场需求与芳纶浆粕的应用

芳纶具有高的抗拉强度和模量,耐热性和低的材料密度,使其在工业用纺织品、功能材料用增强材料的应用快速增长.介绍了芳纶差别化的品种-芳纶浆粕(Pulp),在电子工业轻量化、工业环境保护等领域的应用.     

高混芳纶纤维对三元乙丙橡胶性能的影响

将改性高岭土和偶联剂KH550与芳纶纤维共混得到高混改性芳纶纤维,研究其对三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)物理性能的影响以及其分散性对EPDM动刚度的影响。结果表明:随着芳纶纤维用量的增大,其在EPDM中的分散性变差,1mm芳纶纤维分散性优于3 mm芳纶纤维;胶料门尼粘度随着芳纶纤维用量的增大而增大,1 mm芳纶纤维填充胶料的综合物理性能优于3 mm芳纶纤维填充胶料,且在芳纶纤维用量为5~10份时最佳;随着芳纶纤维用量的增大,胶料的Payne效应增强,填料-胶料的结构破坏明显,动刚度增大,加入1 mm芳纶纤维胶料的动刚度大于加入3 mm芳纶纤维胶料。     

芳纶针织物复合材料力学性能研究

为探究芳纶针织物复合材料的力学性能,用电子织物强力机对平板硫化机制得的芳纶针织物复合材料进行拉伸、弯曲、压缩性能测试,结果表明:芳纶针织物增强复合材料为非脆性破坏;经硅烷偶联剂处理有效地提高了芳纶针织物增强复合材料的抗拉、抗弯、抗压强度;罗纹空气层组织的抗拉、抗弯及抗压性能优于满针罗纹组织。     

芳纶短纤维增强天然橡胶复合材料性能研究

研究添加不同用量的芳纶短纤维/天然橡胶(NR)复合材料的性能。结果表明,NR复合材料的性能随着芳纶短纤维用量的增大先提高再下降;添加2份芳纶短纤维时复合材料的物理性能较好,磨耗性能也较优;添加芳纶短纤维能够使复合材料的抗湿滑性能变好,滚动阻力增大,导热性降低。     

Investigation of Properties of Polymer/Textile Fiber Composites

Polymer-based composite structures have advantages over other materials. The most important advantage is the higher mechanical properties obtained from the composites when supported by fiber reinforcement. The mechanical and thermal properties of fiber-reinforced composite structures are affected by the amount of fibers in the structures, orientation of the fiber and fiber length. Silk and cotton fibers are used in many fields but especially in clothing and textiles. However, there is not enough research on their usage as reinforcement fibers in composite structures. Silk fibers as a textile material have better physical and mechanic properties than other animal fibers. It is very important that the improvement of the mechanical and physical properties of the composite structures allows them to be used in many areas. From economical, technological and environmental points of view, the improved the mechanical and physical properties of polymeric materials are receiving much attention in the recent studies.

In this study, various lengths (1 mm–2.5 mm and 5 mm) of waste silk and waste cotton fibers were added to high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and polypropylene (PP) polymer in the mixing ratios of (polymer:fiber) 100%:0%, 97%:3%, and 94%:6% to produce composite structures. On the other hand, known lengths (1–2.5–5 mm) of waste silk and waste cotton fibers were added to recycled polyamide-6 (PA₆) and polycarbonate (PC) polymers in mixing quantities of 100%-0%, 97%-3%. A twin-screw extruder was employed for the production of composites. Tensile strength, % elongation, yield strength, elasticity modulus, Izod impact strength, melt flow index (MFI), heat deflection temperature (HDT), and Vicat softening temperature properties were determined. In order to determine the materials' thermal transition and microstructure properties, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used. Results have shown that cotton and silk fibers behave differently than in the composite structure. Waste silk fiber composites give better mechanical properties than waste cotton fiber.     

芳纶1414纤维含量对针刺毡性能的影响

研究芳纶1414纤维含量对芳纶针刺毡性能的影响,在相同面密度和相同针刺密度的条件下,生产不同质量比的芳纶1313与芳纶1414针刺毡,测试了不同质量比的芳纶针刺毡的力学性能和阻燃性能。结果表明:随着芳纶1414纤维含量的增加,针刺毡试样的断裂强力、撕破强力及顶破强力先减小后增大,断裂伸长呈振荡式变化,且其各项燃烧性能指标逐步提高。     

Criteria for Qualitative Assessment of Relaxation Properties of Polymer Textile Materials

Fibre Chemistry - The method for calculating the relaxation properties of polymer textile materials developed using mathematical models allows assessing qualitatively the performance properties of...     

湿法混炼芳纶短纤维/丁腈橡胶复合材料的性能研究

用湿法混炼方法制备了芳纶短纤维/丁腈橡胶(NBR)复合材料,研究增稠剂和芳纶短纤维用量对复合材料性能的影响。结果表明:添加聚丙烯酸钠(PNaAA)和聚氧化乙烯(PEO)两种增稠剂有利于提高芳纶短纤维的分散性,添加质量分数为0.007 5 PNaAA的复合材料拉伸性能最好;随着芳纶短纤维用量的增大,复合材料的拉伸性能先提高后降低;芳纶短纤维用量为2份时,复合材料的拉伸性能总体最好,芳纶短纤维补强效果最佳。     

Comprehensive Study of Deformation Properties of Polymer Textile Materials

Fibre Chemistry - The article describes a method for the comprehensive study of the deformation properties of polymer textile materials, which is possible only from the standpoint of mathematical...     

Polyfunctional Properties of Liposomes in Preparation of Textile Materials

The stability of liposomal preparations in basic media and their wetting, detergent, and foaming power are evaluated. The results obtained indicate the promise of using liposomes as textile auxiliaries in preparation of textile materials of different fibre composition. The effectiveness of using liposomal preparations in peroxide bleaching of wool and fabrics made of hydrated cellulose fibres and blends of them with cotton and polyester fibres is established. The stabilizing effect of liposomes in the bleaching bath is demonstrated, which allows totally eliminating silicate stabilizers in bleaching of wool. Addition of liposomal preparations to the peroxide bath allows significantly increasing the quality of bleaching of textile materials.