多基改性有机硅微乳液LSE有合成与应用

先将Ｄ４在８５℃乳化聚合，然后用带有氨基、环氧基的硅烷偶联剂在８５℃经２ｈ改性合成多基改性有机硅微乳液ＬＳＥ，并进行应用试验。整理效果与进口氨基硅微乳液相同，且成本低，每米只需０．１５元，而进口微乳液每米需０．２５元。     

环氧基改性有机硅乳液聚合中乳化剂对聚合物乳液稳定性的影响

采用微乳液聚合法由D4开环聚合，含环氧基团的硅烷偶联剂共聚改性，合成了透明的环氧基改性有机硅微乳液，讨论了乳化剂对聚合反应速率、聚合物乳液粘度、乳胶粒径、聚合物乳液稳定性的影响．结果表明，采用阳非离子型复合乳化剂10％(对乳液质量)有利于聚合反应进行，得到的环氧基改性有机硅乳液稳定．该环氧基改性有机硅乳液已经投产使用。     

超支化氨基改性聚硅氧烷的制备及应用研究

以双端环氧基聚硅氧烷和二乙烯三胺为原料,通过环氧基与胺基的亲核开环反应,合成超支化氨基改性聚硅氧烷,制备改性乳液,并将其应用于棉织物整理.研究了整理工艺条件对整理织物性能的影响,优化了整理工艺,测定了整理织物性能.结果表明:改性乳液稳定、不漂油,平均粒径为56 nm;当超支化氨基改性聚硅氧烷整理剂(固含量30%)用量12 g/L、焙烘温度130℃、焙烘时间60 s时,整理织物积分面积值为0.483,积分面积值减少率为71.5%,润湿时间为12.6 s;与嵌段型聚醚氨基改性硅油相比,改性乳液整理织物的亲水性和白度与之相当,柔软性明显提高;与氨基硅油相比,改性乳液整理织物的柔软性与之相当,但亲水性和白度明显提高.     

超支化氨基改性聚硅氧烷的合成及其应用

以双端环氧基聚硅氧烷和二乙烯三胺为原料,通过环氧基的开环反应,合成超支化氨基改性聚硅氧烷,制备改性聚硅氧烷乳液。研究了合成工艺因素对环氧基转化率的影响,优化了合成工艺条件,探究了聚硅氧烷链段相对分子质量对改性聚硅氧烷乳液及其整理织物性能的影响,并测定了改性聚硅氧烷乳液和整理织物性能。结果表明：当聚硅氧烷链段相对分子质量约为3100,双端环氧基聚硅氧烷与二乙烯三胺物质的量的比为1.5:1,反应温度80 ℃,反应时间3 h,溶剂异丙醇用量为反应物总质量的30%时,环氧基转化率为93.25%;合成产物乳液稳定、不漂油,平均粒径为56 nm;相对氨基硅油与嵌段型聚醚改性氨基硅油,改性聚硅氧烷整理织物黄变性低,柔软性和亲水性良好。     

氨基硅微乳液织物柔软剂的合成与应用研究

氨基硅微乳液织物柔软剂的最佳合成条件为：八甲基环四硅氧烷、氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、十二烷基苯磺酸之比为43：1．6：10,聚合反应温度为80℃,聚合反应时间为8h。本文表征了氨基硅油结构并测试了氨基硅微乳液、整理织物的性能,提出了氨基硅微乳液可作为涂料染色粘合剂的增柔组份。     

超细纤维后整理剂（二）

2.3.3 微乳化液 氨基改性聚硅氧烷比较容易乳化,能形成稳定性优良微乳化液。据美国道康宁公司1989年1月报道,氨基改性聚硅氧烷制成微乳化液产品,平均粒径为0.1nm以下,透光率达到80％以上。Wacker公司的Finish CT 96E也是一种含有17～25％氨基的有机硅产品。我国化工部成都有机硅中心于1990年开发成功氨基改性聚硅氧烷等产品,平均粒径达到0.15nm以下。 普通有机硅乳液的稳定性差,主要是因为有机硅颗粒的粒径大,颗粒表面的双电层较弱,颗粒之间相互作用致使颗粒逐渐合并,最终使分散状态破坏,水相和油相分离。微乳液的颗粒粒径比普通乳液小一个数量级,乳液完全在热     

氨基改性有机硅微乳液NS—2在纺织品上的应用

本文详细探索了氨基改性有机硅微乳液的性能，效果，方法，并与当前的机硅品种作了比较，表明氨基改性有机硅微乳应用在针织，毛纺，印染产品上的估越性能和综合的柔软效果。     

氨基改性有机硅微乳的制备与性能

采用微乳液聚合法，由D4开环聚合、硅烷偶联剂708共聚改性得半透明或透明的氨基改性有机硅微乳液，并对其理化指标和应用性能进行了测试。结果表明：该微乳液稳定性好。整理的全棉浅色织物不泛黄，并具有很好的手感，是一种性能优越的纺织用柔软剂。     

亲水性有机硅柔软剂的合成及应用研究

采用微乳液聚合法，对有机硅乳液进行氨基聚醚改性实验。在一定条件下共聚制得了淡黄色阴离子有机硅乳液，该乳液粘度适中，pH值为中性。同时对乳液的聚合反应机理及各种因素对乳液聚合的影响进行了探讨。乳液应用结果表明，该柔软剂柔软性和亲水性俱佳，是一种性能优良的纺织助剂。     

亲水性有机硅柔软剂的合成及应用研究

采用微乳液聚合法，对有机硅乳液进行氨基聚醚改性，在一定条件下共聚制得了淡黄色阴离子有机硅乳液，该乳液粘度适中，pH为中性。分析并讨论了乳液的聚合原理及各种因素对乳液聚合的影响。应用性能结果表明：该柔软剂柔软性和亲水性俱佳，是一种性能优越的纺织助剂。     

有机硅改性水性聚氨酯乳液的表征及应用

采用聚碳酸亚丙酯二元醇（PPC）作为聚氨酯预聚体软段原料,1,4-二羟摹丙酸（BDO）、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI）作为硬段原料,以2,2-双羟甲基丙酸（DMPA）作为亲水性扩链剂合成聚氨酯预聚体。利用-NH2与-CNO的反应性,于水性聚氨酯预聚体上接入自制三元嵌段硅油,水乳化,制备了聚氨酯和有机硅的共聚物乳液。将整理剂应用于羊绒针织物上,测定整理织物的抗起毛起球性能及手感,并对整理剂进行了红外光谱（FTIR）表征,通过扫描电镜（SEM）呈现了整理剂在羊绒纤维表面的包裹效果,结果表明：在水性聚氨酯大分子中成功接入了有机硅链段,合成了预期的分子结构。自制有机硅聚氨酯共聚物整理剂相对于传统单纯树脂整理或者硅油整理,抗起毛起球效果提高了1-2级,手感也有所改善。     

羊毛织物整理用有机硅平滑剂的制备及应用

将不同氨值及摩尔质量的氨基硅油乳液、高摩尔质量的甲基硅油乳液、偶联剂等进行复配，制备了羊毛织物整理用有机硅平滑剂．扫描电镜（SEM）观察结果显示，经该有机硅平滑剂整理后的羊毛纤维，其鳞片边缘厚度变得不明显，无阴影感，纤维表面较为光滑．应用结果表明，该有机硅平滑剂可赋予羊毛织物较好的柔软、平滑效果，且使被整理羊毛织物的色泽基本保持不变，色差在4级以上．     

硅油的表面性质研究

通过测定所成膜和被处理织物的表面接触角的方法,计算本实验室所合成的几种接枝改性硅油的表面能,结果表明,表面能γS为:二甲基硅油<烃羧酸高碳醇酯基硅油<烃羧基硅油和烃羧酸高碳醇酯基硅油复合物<烃羧酸和烃羧酸高碳醇酯基双亲硅油<烃羧基硅油。值得特别关注的一点是,烃羧酸和烃羧酸高碳醇酯基双亲硅油的表面能,略高于有相应烃羧基和高碳醇酯基含量的烃羧基硅油和烃羧酸高碳醇酯基硅油复合物的表面能。     

Progress in research on the safety of silicone rubber products in food processing

Silicone rubber (SR) is widely used in the food processing industry due to its excellent physical and chemical properties. However, due to the differences in SR product production formulas and processes, the quality of commercially available SR products varies greatly, with chemical and biological hazard potentials. Residual chemicals in SR, such as siloxane oligomers and 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid, are non-intentionally added substances, which may migrate into food during processing so the safe use of SR must be guaranteed. Simultaneously, SR in contact with food is susceptible to pathogenic bacteria growing and biofilm formation, like Cronobacter sakazakii, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enteritidis, and Listeria monocytogenes, posing a food safety risk. Under severe usage scenarios such as high-temperature, high-pressure, microwave, and freezing environments with long-term use, SR products are more prone to aging, and their degradation products may pose potential food safety hazards. Based on the goal of ensuring food quality and safety to the greatest extent possible, this review suggests that enterprises need to prepare high-quality food-contact SR products by optimizing the manufacturing formula and production process, and developing products with antibacterial and antiaging properties. The government departments should establish quality standards for food-contact SR products and conduct effective supervision. Besides, the reusable SR products should be cleaned by consumers immediately after use, and the deteriorated products should be replaced as soon as possible.     

氨基硅油及其嵌段聚醚改性技术新进展

介绍了氨基改性硅油和聚醚改性硅油的结构特征与制备方法,阐述了嵌段聚醚氨基改性硅油柔软剂的结构特征、制备方法以及国内外研发现状,进而详细介绍了传化嵌段聚醚氨基改性硅油柔软剂的分子结构特征、技术指标、性能评价结果以及该产品的特点.     

二甲氨基丙基丙烯酰胺改性含氢硅油的合成

以氯铂酸-异丙醇为催化剂,二甲氨基丙基丙烯酰胺与含氢硅油为原料,在甲苯为溶剂的条件下,通过硅氢加成反应,将二甲氨基丙基丙烯酰胺接枝到含氢硅油侧链,合成了氨基改性硅油,其中甲苯的质量为含氢硅油与二甲氨基丙基丙烯酰胺质量总和的1.5倍,阻聚剂0.5%(对单体质量),n(含氢硅油)∶n(二甲氨基丙基丙烯酰胺)=1∶1.1,催化剂用量为反应物质量的50×10-6,120℃进行硅氢加成反应.并对其进行了红外光谱测试,结果表明:氨基基团已成功地引入到含氢硅油侧链上,合成了氨基改性硅油.     

造纸专用有机硅消泡剂的改进及其应用

将矿物油、聚醚、脂肪醇、改性有机硅系列(X-1,X-2,X-3)分别对普通有机硅消泡剂进行改进,制得一种新型造纸专用有机硅消泡剂。考察了改性剂种类及其用量对消泡剂的理化性质、稳定性、消泡效果的影响。结果表明:改性剂的加入对有机硅消泡剂的理化性质影响不大;3000 r/min离心均较稳定;矿物油、聚醚、脂肪醇改性对黑液泡沫增效作用不明显,而改性有机硅系列具有显著增效作用,特别是X-2,X-3。选用X-3,5.0%的添加量为改进条件,应用效果显著。     

Determination of siloxanes in silicone products and potential migration to milk,formula and liquid simulants

A pressurised solvent extraction procedure coupled with a gas chromatography–mass spectrometry–selective ion monitoring (GC–MS–SIM) method was developed to determine three cyclic siloxanes, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4), decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5), dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (D6) and three linear siloxanes, octamethyltrisiloxane (L3), decamethyltetrasiloxane (L4), dodecamethylpentasiloxane (L5), in silicone products. Additionally, two different extraction methods were developed to measure these siloxanes migrating into milk, infant formula and liquid simulants (50 and 95% ethanol in water). The limits of quantification (LOQs) of the six siloxanes ranged from 6?ng/g (L3) to 15?ng/g (D6). Silicone nipples and silicone bakewares were extracted using pressurised solvent extraction (PSE) and analysed using the GC–MS–SIM method. No linear siloxanes were detected in the silicone nipple samples analysed. The three cyclic siloxanes (D4, D5 and D6) were detected in all silicone nipple samples with concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 269?µg/g. In the bakeware samples, except for L3, the other five siloxanes were detected with concentrations ranging from 0.2?µg/g (L4) to 7030?µg/g (D6). To investigate the potential migration of the six siloxanes from silicone nipples to milk and infant formula, a liquid extraction and dispersive clean-up procedure was developed for the two matrices. The procedure used a mix of hexane and ethyl acetate (1?:?1, v/v) as extraction solvent and C₁₈ powder as the dispersive clean-up sorbent. For the liquid simulants, extraction of the siloxanes was achieved using hexane without any salting out or clean-up procedures. The recoveries of the six siloxanes from the milk, infant formula and simulants fortified at 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1000?µg/l ranged from 70 to 120% with a relative standard derivation (RSD) of less than 15% (n?=?4). Migration tests were performed by exposing milk, infant formula and the liquid simulants to silicone baking sheets with known concentrations of the six siloxanes at 40°C. No siloxanes were detected in milk or infant formula after 6?h of direct contact with the silicone baking sheet plaques, indicating insignificant migration of the siloxanes to milk or infant formula. Migration tests in the two simulants lasted up to 72?h and the three cyclic siloxanes were detected in 50% ethanol after an 8-h exposure and after 2?h in 95% ethanol. The highest detected concentrations of D4, D5 and D6 were 42, 36 and 155?ng/ml, respectively, indicating very limited migration of D4, D5 or D6 into the two simulants.     

阴离子型有机硅微乳液的合成及应用

以D4开环聚合，用非离子表面活性剂作乳化剂，阴离子表面活性剂作催化乳化剂，在一定条件下制得阴离子型有机硅微乳液，讨论了非离子型表面活性剂的用量与乳液稳定性的关系，催化剂用量对乳液透光率及颜色的影响，反应温度对透光率的影响等，应用结果表明：该助剂具有优良的弹性回复角，比同类产品好，次于日本GE公司的YMR—7212。     

库仑法检测硅树脂材料中的水分

运用库仑法及水分蒸发技术对3种不同状态硅树脂材料中的水分含量进行检测.结果表明:硅树脂硫化成型试样中w(H2O)≈0.4%,但长期存放于空气中将吸附少量水分,使w(H2O)≈0.6%.