基于混合粒子群算法的列车停站方案优化

列车停站方案影响着旅客服务质量和运行效率,是列车开行方案的重要环节.本文建立了旅客列车停站方案的多目标规划模型以最大化区段可达性从而减少旅客旅行时间.针对传统的粒子群优化算法在处理复杂多维问题时,算法效率不高,易陷进局部最优,且无法有效处理离散问题等缺点,提出了一种将量子遗传算法引入到MPSO中的方法.算法整体采用粒子群算法,结合量子遗传算法的概率幅编码,并使用粒子群的速度更新公式来更新量子旋转门.算法引入量子遗传算法的全局探索和粒子群算法的种群智能体系,不仅提高了算法的收敛速度,同时增加了粒子多样性.最后,将改进的量子遗传粒子群算法（QGA_PSO）应用于ZDT函数优化和停站方案模型优化,证明了算法的有效性.     

不确定情形下在线多源多属性反向拍卖双边协商决策

针对现实中存在的带有协商交互的在线多源多属性反向拍卖(OMSMARA)情形,同时考虑到买卖(采供)双方面临的不同方面的不确定性,综合利用双层规划理论和模糊理论研究不确定情形下OMSMARA双边协商决策问题.首先,基于问题描述和适当假设,建立一个新的带有协商交互的模糊混合整数双层规划(FMIBLP)模型,并基于增广模糊最小最大决策方法进行模型的精确转化;其次,考虑到问题模型的特点以及粒子群算法(PSO)的优越性,提出基于修正PSO的双层分布迭代算法(PSO-BLDI)用于模型求解;然后,通过数值算例和对比分析展示所建模型的可行性以及所提出算法的有效性;最后,通过敏感性分析研究相关参数变化对模型求解结果的影响,进一步表明所提出模型的合理性与决策方法的有效性.     

Scatter search based particle swarm optimization algorithm for earliness/tardiness flowshop scheduling with uncertainty

Considering the imprecise nature of the data in real-world problems, the earliness/tardiness (E/T) flowshop scheduling problem with uncertain processing time and distinct due windows is concerned in this paper. A fuzzy scheduling model is established and then transformed into a deterministic one by employing the method of maximizing the membership function of middle value. Moreover, an effective scatter search based particle swarm optimization (SSPSO) algorithm is proposed to minimize the sum of total earliness and tardiness penalties. The proposed SSPSO algorithm incorporates the scatter search (SS) algorithm into the frame of particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and gives full play to their characteristics of fast convergence and high diversity. Besides, a differential evolution (DE) scheme is used to generate solutions in the SS. In addition, the dynamic update strategy and critical conditions are adopted to improve the performance of SSPSO. The simulation results indicate the superiority of SSPSO in terms of effectiveness and efficiency.     

PSO优化在模糊联合补充问题中的应用

对用PSO算法解决需求为不确定的联合补充问题进行了研究。运用模糊规划方法处理需求为模糊变量的联合补充问题,得到了作为求解目标的模糊数学模型;采用PSO思想对该模型进行分析,转化为PSO问题模型,制定出算法流程,并用数值实例验证了提出的粒子群优化模型和求解算法的有效性;对随机生成的大量数据进行处理,结果证明问题规模相同时该算法较遗传算法具有更高的效率。     

An improved hybrid particle swarm optimization algorithm for fuzzy p-hub center problem

The p-hub center problem is useful for the delivery of perishable and time-sensitive system such as express mail service and emergency service. In this paper, we propose a new fuzzy p-hub center problem, in which the travel times are uncertain and characterized by normal fuzzy vectors. The objective of our model is to maximize the credibility of fuzzy travel times not exceeding a predetermined acceptable efficient time point along all paths on a network. Since the proposed hub location problem is too complex to apply conventional optimization algorithms, we adapt an approximation approach (AA) to discretize fuzzy travel times and reformulate the original problem as a mixed-integer programming problem subject to logic constraints. After that, we take advantage of the structural characteristics to develop a parametric decomposition method to divide the approximate p-hub center problem into two mixed-integer programming subproblems. Finally, we design an improved hybrid particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm by combining PSO with genetic operators and local search (LS) to update and improve particles for the subproblems. We also evaluate the improved hybrid PSO algorithm against other two solution methods, genetic algorithm (GA) and PSO without LS components. Using a simulated data set of 10 nodes, the computational results show that the improved hybrid PSO algorithm achieves the better performance than GA and PSO without LS in terms of runtime and solution quality.     

考虑多种运输方式的整车物流服务供应链订单分配问题

针对整车物流服务供应链的订单分配问题，提出了考虑多种运输方式的双层订单分配模型。首先，考虑到运输方式会影响运输成本、客户的准时送达要求等因素，建立以准时送达和最小化物流采购成本为目标的双层规划模型；其次，设计启发式算法（HA）确定各运输方式的任务量；然后，借助混合蛙跳算法（SFLA）求解各功能物流服务提供商间各运输方式的任务量分配；最后，通过不同规模的算例与遗传算法（GA）、粒子群算法（PSO）、蚁群算法（ACO）等进行求解对比。算例结果表明，与原有的成本438万元相比，所提模型得到显著优化的421万元，说明所构建模型的订单分配方案能够更有效解决整车物流的订单分配问题。实验对比表明，较传统智能算法（GA、PSO、ACO）的求解结果，两阶段的HA-SFLA算法能更快得出显著优化的结果，说明HA-SFLA算法能更好地求解考虑运输方式的双层订单分配规划模型。在满足客户送达时间要求的同时，考虑运输方式的双层订单分配模型及算法显著降低物流成本，促进物流集成商为获取更多利益而在订单分配阶段考虑运输方式。     

A fuzzy bi-criteria transportation problem

In this paper, a fuzzy bi-criteria transportation problem is studied. Here, the model concentrates on two criteria: total delivery time and total profit of transportation. The delivery times on links are fuzzy intervals with increasing linear membership functions, whereas the total delivery time on the network is a fuzzy interval with a decreasing linear membership function. On the other hand, the transporting profits on links are fuzzy intervals with decreasing linear membership functions and the total profit of transportation is a fuzzy number with an increasing linear membership function. Supplies and demands are deterministic numbers. A nonlinear programming model considers the problem using the max–min criterion suggested by Bellman and Zadeh. We show that the problem can be simplified into two bi-level programming problems, which are solved very conveniently. A proposed efficient algorithm based on parametric linear programming solves the bi-level problems. To explain the algorithm two illustrative examples are provided, systematically.     

Bi-level programming model and hybrid genetic algorithm for flow interception problem with customer choice

This paper investigates how to optimize the facility location strategy such as to maximize the intercepted customer flow, while accounting for “flow-by” customers’ path choice behaviors and their travel cost limitation. A bi-level programming static model is constructed for this problem. An heuristic based on a greedy search is designed to solve it. Consequently, we proposed a chance constrained bi-level model with stochastic flow and fuzzy trip cost threshold level. For solving this uncertain model more efficiently, we integrate the simplex method, genetic algorithm, stochastic simulation and fuzzy simulation to design a hybrid intelligent algorithm. Some examples are generated randomly to illustrate the performance and the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.     

基于模糊粒子群算法的有向传感器网络路径覆盖策略*

建立有向传感器节点模糊感知模型,利用模糊数据融合规则减少网络不确定区域.对于有向传感器网络路径覆盖问题,提出基于模糊粒子群算法的有向传感器网络路径覆盖增强算法,将n维求解问题转化为一维求解问题,以提高单个传感器节点净覆盖域为目的,提高网络覆盖率.仿真结果表明,对于感知方向可连续调节的有向传感器网络节点,在随机部署情况下与现有算法对比,文中算法能有效提高有向传感器网络路径覆盖率,并且具有较快的收敛速度,延长网络生存期.     

求解双层规划优化问题的层次风驱动优化算法

针对双层规划的求解问题, 提出一种层次风驱动优化算法. 初始化上层优化变量后, 首先对下层规划进行求解, 满足约束条件的同时, 更新下层规划中的空气质点速度和位置; 然后, 利用风驱动优化算法对上层规划问题进行求解; 最后, 在优化解集合中, 选择上下层规划目标值次序之和最小的解作为最终优化解. 实验结果表明, 所提出的层次风驱动算法是一种有效的求解双层规划问题的方法.

     

基于多元模糊规划的微粒群优化算法

在微粒群的静态多元规划模式的基础上,考虑到多元最优值对群体寻优的引导因子间的比例在寻优过程中不能进行动态自适应调整,因而将模糊逻辑引入对微粒群的多元规划引导,提出了一种用于自适应动态规划的模糊微粒群算法模式,并以最优和次最优分布信息的模糊规划为例,进行了微粒群多元模糊规划模式的设计和数值仿真.仿真结果表明,该算法模式较静态多元规划模式具有更好的总体收敛性能.     

Study on the sliding mode fault tolerant predictive control based on multi agent particle swarm optimization

For a class of uncertain discrete-time systems with time varying delay, the problem of robust fault-tolerant control for such systems is studied by combining the design of sliding mode control (SMC) and model predictive control (MPC). A sliding mode fault tolerant predictive control based on multi agent particle swarm optimization (PSO) is presented, and the design, analysis and proof of the scheme are given in detail. Firstly, the sliding mode prediction model of the system is designed by assigning poles of the output error of the system. The model has time varying characteristics, and it can improve the motion quality of the system while ensuring the sliding mode is stable. Secondly, a new discrete reference trajectory considering time-delay systems subjected simultaneously to parameter perturbations and disturbances is proposed, which not only can ensure that the state of the system has good robustness and fast convergence in the process of approaching sliding mode surface, but also can inhibit chattering phenomenon. Thirdly, the multi agent PSO improves the receding-horizon optimization, which can quickly and accurately solve the control laws satisfying the input constraints, and can effectively avoid falling into local extrema problem of the traditional PSO. Finally, the theoretical proof of robust stability of the proposed control scheme is given. Experimental results of quad-rotor helicopter semi physical simulation platform show that the state of uncertain discrete-time systems with time varying delay is stable under the action of the proposed control scheme in this paper. The advantages of fast response, less overshoot and small control chattering prove the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.     

Bi-level programming enabled design of an intelligent maritime search and rescue system

This paper studies an intelligent maritime search and rescue (SAR) system problem. According to historical accidents and available SAR equipment information, a bi-level mixed-integer programming (MIP) model is proposed to determine the type and number of SAR equipment allocated to activated stations. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and genetic algorithm (GA) algorithm are applied to solve the proposed mathematical model. Computational experiments based on real instances in the East Sea China not only validate the effectiveness of the bi-level MIP model in balancing two objectives during decision process, but also indicate that PSO algorithm is better than GA algorithm to solve the proposed model and generate reasonable equipment allocation plans. Some managerial implications are also outlined on the basis of the numerical experiments.     

一种障碍环境下机器人路径规划的蚁群粒子群算法

针对机器人在障碍环境下寻找最优路径问题, 提出了一种障碍环境下机器人路径规划的蚁群粒子群算法.该方法有效地结合了粒子群算法和蚁群算法的优点, 采用栅格法进行环境建模, 利用粒子群算法的快速简洁等特点得到蚁群算法初始信息素分布, 以减少迭代次数, 加快算法的收敛速度; 同时利用蚁群算法之间的可并行性, 采用分布式技术实现蚂蚁之间的并行搜索, 求解精度高等优点, 求精确解. 仿真实验结果证明了该方法的有效性, 是机器人路径规划的一种较好的方法.     

考虑备灾的双层规划应急资源调度选址—路径优化模型与算法

备灾措施可以为救灾做准备,为确保灾后应急物资可以及时高效地到达灾区,提出了考虑备灾的双层规划应急资源调度选址—路径优化模型,上层规划以供应站建设和运营总成本最低为目标,而下层规划以配送路径成本最小化为目标.设计了一种改进的双层樽海鞘遗传算法求解该问题,结合迭代划分的概念更新领导者位置,采用自然指数惯性权值策略修正控制因子,利用混沌映射更新追随者位置,采用田口分析方法获取参数合理取值.最后,通过使用双层樽海鞘遗传算法与遗传粒子群混合算法、粒子群优化算法、免疫优化算法对OR-Library中的LRP(location-routing problem,LRP)数据集进行求解和对比分析,验证了所提模型和算法的可行性和有效性.     

Optimal short-term hydro-thermal scheduling using quasi-oppositional teaching learning based optimization

This paper presents a new approach for solving short-term hydrothermal scheduling (HTS) using an integrated algorithm based on teaching learning based optimization (TLBO) and oppositional based learning (OBL). The practical hydrothermal system is highly complex and possesses nonlinear relationship of the problem variables, cascading nature of hydro reservoirs, water transport delay and scheduling time linkage that make the problem of optimization difficult using standard optimization methods. To overcome these problems, the proposed quasi-oppositional teaching learning based optimization (QOTLBO) is employed. To show its efficiency and robustness, the proposed QOTLBO algorithm is applied on two test systems. Numerical results of QOTLBO are compared with those obtained by two phase neural network, augmented Lagrange method, particle swarm optimization (PSO), improved self-adaptive PSO (ISAPSO), improved PSO (IPSO), differential evolution (DE), modified DE (MDE), fuzzy based evolutionary programming (Fuzzy EP), clonal selection algorithm (CSA) and TLBO approaches. The simulation results reveal that the proposed algorithm appears to be the best in terms of convergence speed, solution time and minimum cost when compared with other established methods. This method is considered to be a promising alternative approach for solving the short-term HTS problems in practical power system.     

粒子群优化算法的改进研究

本文针对粒子群优化算法(PSO)存在早熟收敛的问题,提出了一系列改进措施,分别将混沌理论、遗传算法和免疫算法应用到PSO算法中。计算机仿真实验表明:改进算法基本保持了PSO算法简单、易实现的特点,且能够有效避免算法的早熟收敛问题,具有很强的全局搜索能力。     

允许存储的变周期随机动态车队调度双层模型交替求解策略

针对一类允许存储的变周期随机动态车队调度问题进行研究.难点在于运输任务数量不确定、运输任务可存储、计划周期内各时段长度不同、车辆荷载不同.根据问题表述建立数学模型,进而设定新的决策向量和状态向量,对问题模型进行可分离形式改造.引入排队原理设计运输任务产生机制和模型分离参数拟合过程,在此基础上,建立由内层模型与外层模型共同构成的双层模型体系,并给出双层模型的交替求解算法. 通过仿真实验和数值分析验证了所提出算法的可行性和有效性.     

基于混合粒子群的RFID网络的优化部署*

在RFID网络系统中,贴有标签的物品可能随机地布置着,针对如何有效地放置阅读器,使得阅读器可以读取多个标签信息同时减小冲突的问题,建立了RFID网络系统的优化模型,提出了一种混合粒子群算法来优化部署阅读器的位置。实验结果表明,混合粒子群算法分别比传统的粒子群(PSO)和遗传算法(GA)在收敛速度和寻优能力上具有更好的性能,体现出混合粒子群算法的优越性。     

应用微粒群算法确定有机化合物分子式

针对基本微粒群优化算法（PSO）存在容易陷入局部最优和收敛速度慢的缺点,在整数空间使用带收缩因子的微粒群优化算法基础上,提出了一种带变异概率的微粒群优化算法（IPSO）,用于提高微粒群的多样性,避免算法陷入局部最优解。实验证明,改进后的微粒群优化算法在防止早熟和加快收敛方面优于基本PSO算法和基本PSO算法加一半微粒随机初始化算法（PSO_HPO算法）。IPSO算法应用到确定有机化合物分子式时,取得了很好的效果。