The effect of fineness on the properties of the blended cements incorporating ground granulated blast furnace slag and ground basaltic pumice

In this study, the effect of the fineness on the compressive strength, sodium sulfate resistance and the heat of hydration of the both blended and plain Portland cement (PPC) were investigated. The grinding time of both clinker and additives were also studied. The result indicated that ground basaltic pumice (GBP) and clinker had lower grindability compared to ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS). Blended cement had higher strength values, particularly at later ages, compared to PPC for the same Blaine values. It was observed that the finer ground blended cement specimens had higher compressive strength, sodium sulfate resistance compared to the coarser blended cement and PPC. The heat of the hydration of blended cement was lower than the heat of hydration of PPC when the fineness was held constant.     

矿物掺合料对硫铝酸盐水泥-普通硅酸盐水泥复合体系性能的影响

研究了矿粉、硅灰和粉煤灰3种矿物掺合料对硫铝酸盐水泥-普通硅酸盐水泥复合体系的标准稠度用水量、凝结时间、水化放热、胶砂抗折及抗压强度、砂浆干缩率、抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能和水化产物的影响。结果表明:随矿物掺合料掺量的增加,复合体系的标准稠度用水量增大,凝结时间延长;掺加矿物掺合料后水化放热峰出现时间延后,总水化放热量减少,其中掺加矿粉和硅灰的试件初期水化速率减慢程度较掺加粉煤灰试件更明显;3种矿物掺合料对复合体系强度的影响差别较大,掺加3%硅灰的试件3 d抗压强度增长较快;硅灰的掺加会使砂浆干缩率增大,矿粉、粉煤灰的掺加可以减小砂浆试件的干缩;矿物掺合料的掺加会提高胶砂试件抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能,掺粉煤灰的试件抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能最好。     

水乳环氧改性水泥砂浆研究

在普通硅酸盐水泥砂浆中 ,掺入水乳环氧对其进行改性。实验表明 ,单纯地掺入环氧树脂对水泥的水化影响很大 ,不仅凝结时间延长而且力学强度大大降低。通过对环氧乳液进行改性 ,且同时掺加矿渣微细粉 ,成功地制备了性能优异的环氧树脂聚合物水泥砂浆。     

Splitting tensile strength of concrete using ground granulated blast furnace slag and SiO2 nanoparticles as binder

In the present study, split tensile strength together with pore structure, thermal behavior and microstructure of concrete containing ground granulated blast furnace slag and SiO₂ nanoparticles have been investigated. Portland cement was replaced by different amounts of ground granulated blast furnace slag and the properties of concrete specimens were measured. Although it negatively impacts the properties of concrete at early ages, ground granulated blast furnace slag was found to improve the physical and mechanical properties of concrete up to 45 wt% at later ages. SiO₂ nanoparticles with the average particle size of 15 nm were partially added to concrete with the optimum content of ground granulated blast furnace slag and physical and mechanical properties of the specimens were studied. SiO₂ nanoparticle as a partial replacement of cement up to 3 wt% could accelerate C-S-H gel formation as a result of increased crystalline Ca(OH)₂ amount at the early age of hydration and hence increase split tensile strength of concrete specimens. The increased the SiO₂ nanoparticles’ content more than 3 wt% causes the reduced the split tensile strength because of the decreased crystalline Ca(OH)₂ content required for C-S-H gel formation. SiO₂ nanoparticles could improve the pore structure of concrete and shift the distributed pores to harmless and few-harm pores.     

粉煤灰、矿渣的粉磨对水泥性能的影响

研究了粉煤灰及高炉矿渣经不同粉磨工艺处理后,对所掺杂水泥的凝结时间及强度发展的影响。结果表明：粉煤灰磨细后,会延长水泥的实际凝结时间并提升后期强度,而高炉矿渣磨细后,水泥的实际凝结时间缩短,早期强度得到改善。但粉磨时间过长,则会使微细颗粒重新产生团聚,影响产品的实际性能。     

TiO2 nanoparticles effects on physical, thermal and mechanical properties of self compacting concrete with ground granulated blast furnace slag as binder

In this work, strength assessments and percentage of water absorption of self compacting concrete containing different amounts of ground granulated blast furnace slag and TiO₂ nanoparticles as binder have been investigated. Portland cement was replaced by 45 wt% of ground granulated blast furnace slag and up to 4.0 wt% TiO₂ nanoparticles and the properties of concrete specimens were investigated. TiO₂ nanoparticle as a partial replacement of cement up to 3.0 wt% could accelerate C-S-H gel formation as a result of increased crystalline Ca(OH)₂ amount at the early age of hydration and hence increase strength and improve the resistance to water permeability of concrete specimens. Several empirical relationships have been presented to predict flexural and split tensile strength of the specimens by means of the corresponding compressive strength at a certain age of curing.     

Development of calcium sulfate–ggbs–Portland cement binders

Binders manufactured using a blend of gypsum, ground granulated blast furnace slag and Portland cements are technically viable and possess considerable environmental and economic advantages when compared to binders manufactured using Portland cement alone. As such, the evaluation of binders made from these materials offers a promising research focus in the quest to produce technically sound, environmental and economical binders for specialist uses as an alternative to traditional concrete binders of higher carbon footprint. The aim of the test programme was to investigate the viability of a series of binders designed to fulfil particular user needs while having significantly decreased carbon footprints.Two distinct series of binders were designed; the dominant ingredient in the first was calcium sulfate while in the second it was ggbs. Potential applications for both series of binders were considered and the strength development of each binder was analysed. In addition, the effect of water on the gypsum-based binders was analysed, as was the sulfate resistance of the ggbs-based binder.The results of the laboratory tests carried out were varied. For the calcium sulfate-based binders, those manufactured using anhydrite II as the dominant ingredient were found to achieve highest strengths. However these binders were found to be particularly susceptible to moisture-induced deterioration. For the ggbs-based binders, it was found that the early strength development was improved by the addition of small quantities of anhydrite II and gypsum. The strengths and sulfate resistance at later ages remained unaffected. These binders may have significant potential in situations where early strength development is a requirement.     

粒化高炉矿渣高强水泥基材料盐冻与自愈性能试验研究

为研究两种水胶比粒化高炉矿渣高强水泥基材料的盐冻与自愈性能,利用快速冻融法进行盐冻与自愈试验。结果表明,经过500次盐冻循环后,粒化高炉矿渣高强水泥基材料的总体抗压强度下降率与普通石英砂高强水泥基材料类似;盐冻循环后经过适当养护,粒化高炉矿渣高强水泥基材料和普通石英砂高强水泥基材料的抗压强度均有提高。扫描电镜(SEM)及硬化混凝土气孔结构测定仪测试结果表明,不同冻融循环下的含气量均表明粒化高炉矿渣高强水泥基材料有一定的自愈能力。     

硫酸和硫酸钠混合溶液对砂浆的腐蚀作用

用普通硅酸盐水泥和硫铝酸盐水泥的混合水泥以及磨细高炉矿渣和聚合物乳液配制了4种水泥砂浆,研究了这些水泥砂浆试样在1%(质量分数,下同)硫酸加10%硫酸钠的混合溶液中浸泡不同时间后的质量变化和强度变化.结果发现,混合溶液对4种水泥砂浆都具有强烈的腐蚀作用.磨细高炉矿渣能显著提高砂浆的耐腐蚀性能;进一步添加聚合物乳液(聚胶比为10%),则砂浆的抗表面剥落性能有很大改善,其中尤以苯丙乳液与丁苯乳液的混合乳液改性砂浆效果更好,但添加聚合物乳液会导致砂浆的抗压强度大大降低.此外,水泥砂浆试样在混合溶液及清水中浸泡后,它们的抗压强度比值要比它们的抗折强度比值对硫酸/硫酸钠腐蚀介质更为敏感.     

高炉钛渣提高混凝土强度的作用机理

采用XRD,DTA,SEM和水化结合水量测量等方法研究了高炉钛渣提高混凝土抗压强度的作用机理.研究表明:磨细的高炉钛渣微粉掺入到混凝土后,可以加速水泥水化速率,产生"二次反应",促进混凝土形成细观自紧密堆积体系,促进混凝土强度进一步发展;掺入适量激发剂能在一定程度上加速高炉钛渣的"二次反应".     

煤矸石对水泥基材料海水中化学稳定性的影响

通过在人造海水侵蚀液中长期浸泡的试验,研究了煤矸石对水泥砂浆在海水中化学稳定性的影响,并与矿粉和粉煤灰进行了比较.结果表明,煤矸石能明显提高水泥砂浆抗海水化学侵蚀能力,但效果不如矿粉和粉煤灰.掺不同种类掺和料的水泥浆体其孔径的细化是其抗海水化学侵蚀能力提高的根本原因.     

The effect of slaked lime,anhydrous gypsum and limestone powder on properties of blast furnace slag cement mortar and concrete

Basic properties of blast furnace slag cement mortar and concrete are investigated by adding inorganic activators. The result of this research concludes that slag cement mixed with suitable activator agents such as lime, gypsum and limestone powder could accelerate the compressive strength and tighten pore structure at early age. The addition of activator into mortar and concrete containing slag cement produces superior properties, reduced shrinkage and less carbonation compared to mortar and concrete containing slag cement without the addition of activator. Consequently, there are possibilities for manufacturing blast furnace slag cement, which could compensate the weak properties at early curing age. When compared with ordinary Portland cement, this cement has superior characteristics for long curing age.     

Prediction of long-term effects of GGBFS on compressive strength of concrete by artificial neural networks and fuzzy logic

In this study, artificial neural networks and fuzzy logic models for prediction of long-term effects of ground granulated blast furnace slag on compressive strength of concrete under wet curing conditions have been developed. For purpose of constructing these models, 44 different mixes with 284 experimental data were gathered from the literature. The data used in the artificial neural networks and fuzzy logic models are arranged in a format of five input parameters that cover the age of specimen, Portland cement, ground granulated blast furnace slag, water and aggregate, and output parameter which is 3, 7, 14, 28, 63, 90, 119, 180 and 365-day compressive strength. In the models of the training and testing results have shown that artificial neural networks and fuzzy logic systems have strong potential for prediction of long-term effects of ground granulated blast furnace slag on compressive strength of concrete.     

绿色高性能水工泵送混凝土试验研究

研究了由少量熟料、高掺量工业废弃物制备的高掺量废渣水泥配制绿色高性能水工混凝土的工作性能、力学性能、热学性能、变形性能、抗渗性能.结果表明：高掺量废渣水泥代替中热硅酸盐水泥配制绿色高性能泵送水工混凝土是切实可行的,它能够显著改善混凝土拌合物的和易性、降低混凝土的绝热温升值、增加早期和后期强度、提高抗渗性,并能降低开裂敏感性的危害,为混凝土的可持续发展以及绿色高性能混凝土的大规模推广应用指明了一条新途径.     

高掺量混合材高强水泥的研究

制备了1种高掺矿渣，粉煤灰，石灰石的高强复合水泥，研究了粉磨方式，石膏品种与掺量，外加剂，矿渣民粉煤灰掺量比对复合水泥性能的影响及相应的混凝土的性能，通过微量热仪，XRD，DTA，SEM分析了复合水泥的水化放热特性及水化产物。     

Waste gypsum–blast furnace slag cement in mortars with granulated slag and silica sand as aggregates

The performance and water resistance of binders 30–50% blast furnace slag and hemihydrate from waste gypsum were investigated. Mortars of various aggregate:binder ratios were prepared with granulated BFS and silica sand. The cements with 50% slag were the best in terms of strength; higher aggregate loads reduced the strength. The solidification of mortars by the formation of an initial gypsum framework was indicated by the very fast setting, low 1 day strength and high non-evaporable water. Further strength development was due to the slag reactions. The microstructures of polished samples were dense and conformed by gypsum crystals surrounded by C–S–H. The use of BFS sand was more efficient, in terms of strength, than silica sand; this was due to the participation of the slag aggregate in the hydration reactions, improving the bonding in the interfacial zone. The lower density of the former makes them potentially more insulating efficient.     

不同矿物掺合料对建筑石膏物理性能的影响

粉煤灰、矿粉-粉煤灰、水泥-粉煤灰分别掺加到建筑石膏中,研究这3种体系中矿物掺合料对石膏的强度、凝结时间、流动度、软化系数等性能的影响,结果表明,粉煤灰具有一定的缓凝作用,水泥-粉煤灰的复掺可以提高石膏胶凝材料的抗压软化系数和强度,而水泥具有促凝作用,水泥、矿粉的加入可以提高石膏胶凝材料的流动度。     

掺矿渣粉和减水剂的HEMC水泥砂浆物理性能

研究了掺矿渣粉和高效减水剂的羟乙基甲基纤维素（HEMC）改性水泥砂浆的物理性能,其中包括新拌砂浆含气率、保水率、体积密度,硬化砂浆体积密度、孔隙率、毛细孔吸水率等,结果表明：矿渣粉和减水剂这两者对砂浆保水性和毛细孔吸水率的作用与羟乙基甲基纤维素的相同,而对含气率、体积密度和孔隙率的作用则与之相反,矿渣粉、减水剂和羟乙基甲基纤维素共同掺加时,可使砂浆体积密度和孔隙率保持在一定的范围内。     

重载高抗折强度水泥混凝土的配制及其力学性能研究

本文通过室内试验，研究了使用高效减水剂和粉煤灰、粒化高炉矿渣、沸石粉配制重载作用下高抗折强度水泥混凝土的方法，并分析了不同类型高抗折强度水泥混凝土的力学特性。     

磨细矿渣对灌浆材料早期性能的影响

探讨了磨细矿渣对新拌超细水泥浆体若干性能的影响,测定了改性灌浆材料的早期水化热.结果表明:磨细矿渣有明显的稀释润滑和缓凝作用,能改善超细水泥浆体的可灌性,从而使其达到理想的灌浆效果.