双绕组反激式单级PFC变换器及功率因数改善措施研究

为改善功率变换器的功率因数,提出一种双绕组反激式单级功率因数校正PFC(Power Factor Correction)变换拓扑。该拓扑由Boost PFC电路和具有串并联结构的双绕组反激变换电路组合而成,利用2个中间储能电容吸收变压器初级绕组的漏感能量,有效地抑制功率器件的电压应力,提高变换器的可靠性。详细分析了变换器的工作原理和稳态特性,并在传统的单电压环控制方法的基础上,将整流电压引入到控制电路,提出了一种简单的电压补偿控制方法来提高变换器的功率因数、降低输入电流的总谐波畸变率。设计制作了一台150 W/24 V实验样机,实验结果验证了所提出电路原理的正确性和采用电压补偿控制方法改善输入电流波形质量的有效性。     

改进的单级功率因数校正AC/DC变换器拓扑的研究

单级功率因数校正(简称单级PFC)由于控制电路简单、成本低、功率密度高在中小功率场合得到了广泛的应用。但是单级PFC中存在一些问题,如储能电容电压随输入电压和负载的变化而变化,在输入高压或轻载时,电容电压可能达到上千伏,变换器的效率低,开关损耗大等缺点。介绍了几种改进的拓扑结构来解决这些问题。     

Examination of the frequency modulation and lifting techniques for the generalized power factor correction switched‐capacitor resonant converter

A generalized method for switched‐capacitor resonant converter for use in power factor correction is proposed. Using the techniques, the voltage conversion can be generated into step‐up, step‐down and inverting. The requirement of the inductance in the circuit is minimal. The quality of the power factor improvement is substantial. The method used in the converter includes the frequency modulation and lifting techniques. The power factor improvement is significant and the circuit concept is simple. Mathematical analysis and experimental confirmation have been presented to demonstrate the novel idea. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

新型带充电泵PFC电路的AC/DC变换器

提出了一种新型带充电泵PFC电路的AC／DC变换器，分析了该变换器的工作原理，并讨论了该变换器的主要参数设计，最后给出28V／6A实验样机测试结果。结果表明，该变换器能实现高功率因数校正，电路简单实用。     

Harmonic balance‐based control of a boost DC/AC converter

The achievement of step‐up inversion with a boost DC/AC converter requires appropriate periodic references for inductor currents, which have to satisfy ordinary differential equations (ODE) of the Abel type. These are equations with highly unstable solutions for which the existence of periodic solutions remains unproved. Hence, the studies reported so far in this subject obtain periodic output voltages that approximately track the expected profile using different periodic current references that do not exactly satisfy the Abel ODE. However, neither an explanation of why are periodic output voltages still obtained, nor an assessment of the output voltage error is provided. This paper analyzes the effect of using periodic current references in a Lyapunov‐based controlled boost DC/AC converter performing step‐up inversion tasks. It is shown that, for sufficiently accurate current references, the system exhibits asymptotically stable periodic solutions with bounded error. Moreover, the paper propounds the use of Harmonic Balance (HB)‐based techniques to obtain such current references. Simulation and experimental results confirm that this choice yields periodic output voltages with an error that may be lowered using higher HB approximations. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Pulse current regenerative resonant snubber‐assisted two‐switch flyback‐type ZVS PWM DC‐DC converter

In this paper, a two‐switch high‐frequency flyback transformer‐type zero voltage soft‐switching PWM DC‐DC converter using IGBTs is proposed. Effective applications for this power converter can be found in auxiliary power supplies of rolling stock transportation and electric vehicles. This power converter is basically composed of two active power switches and a flyback high‐frequency transformer. In addition to these, two passive lossless snubbers with power regeneration loops for energy recovery, consisting of a three‐winding auxiliary high‐frequency transformer, auxiliary capacitors and diodes are introduced to achieve zero voltage soft switching from light to full load conditions. Furthermore, this power converter has some advantages such as low cost circuit configuration, simple control scheme, and high efficiency. Its operating principle is described and to determine circuit parameters, some practical design considerations are discussed. The effectiveness of the proposed power converter is evaluated and compared with the hard switching PWM DC‐DC converter from an experimental point of view, and the comparative electromagnetic conduction and radiation noise characteristics of both DC‐DC power converter circuits are also depicted. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 152(3): 74–81, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20081     

Experimental evaluation of active power factor correction techniques in a single-phase AC-DC boost converter

The increasing need to improve power quality with the reduction of the harmonic content of current and voltage waveforms has been intensively analyzed in several studies, thus motivating the proposal of many high power factor rectifiers based on the classic converters such as boost and buck-boost. Moreover, distinct control techniques have also been proposed due to the commercial availability of integrated circuits (ICs) dedicated to impose sinusoidal input currents in switch-mode power supplies (SMPSs). The boost converter operating in continuous conduction mode (CCM) is by far the most traditional choice for this purpose due to circuit simplicity and low electromagnetic interference (EMI) levels. Within this context, this work analyzes some of the most important control techniques used in power factor correction (PFC). The performance of a single-phase boost converter using peak current mode control (PCMC), average current mode control (ACMC), and one cycle control (OCC) is evaluated experimentally in detail. A comprehensive analysis of key aspects such as the input current waveform and respective harmonic content, dc output voltage, and dynamic response of the converter is also presented.     

Current sensorless control for half‐bridge based AC/DC PFC converter with consideration of conduction losses

The focus of this paper is on a simple half‐bridge converter that performs power factor correction (PFC) using current sensorless control. Current sensors increase cost, auxiliary power required, conduction losses, and volume of the PFC converter. Moreover, measurement of high frequency current is demanding, especially in cost‐sensitive applications. The PFC converter proposed combines simple half‐bridge topology and improved current sensorless‐control algorithm that takes into account conduction losses. These losses influence volt‐second balance in the input inductor and result in distorted grid current shape. Their effect is especially evident in half‐bridge converter, where input inductor operates with high voltage swing. The current sensorless control method proposed compensates this influence and allows achieving sinusoidal current shape. First, the phenomenon of current distortion was shown with numerical simulation in PSIM package. Experimental prototype rated for 350 W power was built to verify theoretical and simulation results. Experimental results are in good agreement with those obtained with simulation and theoretically. The PFC converter proposed features low cost of realization and can be used in consumer equipment for connection to the grid. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

MATLAB下利用BUCK-BOOST变换器实现通信电源功率因数校正的仿真分析

详细分析了用BUCK-BOOST实现电路功率因数校正的原理和变换过程，并给出了BUCK-BOOST电路的Matlab仿真分析的模型。通过对变换器工作在DCM模式下的电路仿真，验证了此方法的良好效果。     

Direct‐power‐control‐based matrix converter and its operation characteristics

This paper proposes a novel control strategy for a matrix converter, which features direct instantaneous active‐ and reactive‐power control of the converter. The theoretical aspects of the proposed control are discussed, and computer simulation results are presented to confirm the basic controllability of the technique. In addition, several operational characteristics were examined through experimental tests, using a 1.5‐kW prototype. The maximum efficiency and the total input power factor of the prototype with a 30‐Hz output frequency were 95.4% and 99.9% at 1.5‐kW load, respectively. The total harmonic distortion at the rated load was 5.9%. These results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed strategy. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 170(2): 53–59, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20886     

A new integrated high step‐up quasi‐resonant flyback‐forward converter

This study presents a new high step‐up, high efficiency, flyback‐forward converter. The proposed converter employs 2 transformers, operating in flyback and forward modes at different intervals, to achieve the high voltage gain. In favor of high power density, transformers have been installed on 1 core. Furthermore, all switches are turned on under zero voltage switching condition, and all diodes are turned off under zero current switching condition. Also, the proposed converter utilizes resonant operation that leads to a reduction in switching loss, turning the converter to a highly efficient one. A 150‐W prototype has been implemented to verify the theoretical analysis, and a complete analysis has been done to investigate the effect of transformers integration.     

High‐power‐factor single‐switch AC to DC converter for LED lighting

In this paper, we report a novel single‐switch AC to DC step‐down converter suitable for light emitting diodes. The proposed topology has a buck and a buck–boost converter. The circuit is designed to operate in the discontinuous conduction mode in order to improve the power factor. In this topology, a part of the input power is connected to the load directly. This feature of the proposed topology increases the efficiency of power conversion, improves the input power factor, produces less voltage stress on intermediate stages, and reduces the output voltage in the absence of a step‐down transformer. The theoretical analysis, design procedure, and performance of the proposed converter are verified by simulation and experiment. A 36 V, 60 W prototype has been built to demonstrate the merits of this circuit. © 2017 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

一种单位功率因数单相AC/DC变换器的研究

根据传统升压式AC/DC变换器的功率因数校正原理,讨论了两种升压电感置于整流桥前的单相AC/DC变换器,在对其进行仿真分析之后认为,它们的控制原理可以保持不变,其控制电路也可通过适当改进传统单相AC/DC变换器的控制电路而得到,而且因结构紧凑而便于功率集成。最后给予了物理实现,功率达到2kW以上,仿真结果与实验结果验证了理论分析的正确性。     

基于PFC技术的高效率双闭环DC/DC变换器

为提高DC/DC变换器系统的效率,运用功率因数校正(PFC)控制技术,在整个变换器系统中引入了电流和电压2种组态的负反馈,采取了降低损耗的措施,设计出一款用于电源和功率设备的12V/24V双闭环DC/DC变换系统,并进行了该系统稳定性、效率特性仿真实验和硬件电路实验。实验结果表明,所设计的DC/DC变换系统是稳定的,它的效率在稳定工作范围内达到85.0%～88.7%,其最高效率比目前国内外同类变换器高出约3%,其中12V、24V变换系统的输出纹波电压分别约为23mV和30mV,因而尤其适用于低功耗开关电源和中等功率设备。     

A control method for the matrix converter based on virtual AC/DC/AC conversion using carrier comparison method

This paper proposes a novel control method based on the virtual AC/DC/AC conversion for the matrix converter. The virtual AC/DC/AC conversion method is a very simple strategy to control the input current and the output voltage for the matrix converter. There are two new topics proposed in this paper. First, this paper proposes the minimum switching loss modulation on the virtual rectifier. In our proposed modulation, only two arms switching in the virtual rectifier using DC link current control by the virtual inverter can obtain clean sinusoidal input current. Second, a novel lean controlled carrier modulation on the virtual inverter is proposed. The leans of the triangle carrier are controlled by the duty ratio of the rectifier side pulse. The lean controlled carrier reduces harmonic distortion of the input current by avoiding interference between the rectifier control and the inverter control. These new proposals are confirmed by simulation and experimental results. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 152(3): 65–73, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20144     

基于SEPIC变换器的高功率因数LED照明电源设计

针对LED驱动电源功率因数低的问题,依据LED照明电源的特点,选择SEPIC电路作为主电路拓扑实现功率因数校正(PFC)和LED电流控制。传统的SEPIC电路用于功率因数校正时都工作在断续模式下,通过对SEPIC电路的分析,证明了临界连续模式下SEPIC电路也可以实现PFC,并推导出输入输出电压比和功率因数关系的公式,得出当输入输出电压比很小时,功率因数值很高。该电源用单级电路同时实现功率因数校正和LED电流控制,相对两级功率因数校正电路,所用器件少,损耗低,尺寸小,尤其适合空间狭小的照明电源电路。通过实验证明理论分析的正确性。     

一种基于新型无桥Boost PFC的通信电源AC/DC变换器设计

针对电力系统传统通信电源设备功率因数低,电源谐波高的不足,提出一种新型的无桥Boost PFC电路结构。通过对电路拓扑结构的工作原理分析,应用平均电流控制策略,建立了相应的仿真模型。仿真结果表明,与传统的Boost PFC相比,无桥Boost PFC电路能够很好地提高功率因数,抑制电流谐波,且输入电流能很好地跟踪输入电压。最后设计了一台500 W的实验样机,实验结果验证了所提出电路的正确性和可行性。     

基于多重化DC/DC变换器的储能变流器研究

为了满足越来越大的储能系统规模对大功率储能变流器的需求,将多重化DC/DC变换器引入储能变流器的拓扑结构。对多重化DC/DC变换器的电流纹波及谐波特性的分析表明其具有显著优势。储能变流器的控制策略加入基于直流母线电压的下垂控制。对所研究的储能变流器拓扑结构及控制策略进行仿真并搭建样机。仿真和实验结果表明,所设计的基于多重化DC/DC变换器储能变流器性能具备大功率充放电的功能并且性能优良。     

AC／DC变换器有源功率因数校正技术

本文较系统地分析了ＡＣ／ＤＣ变换器有源功率因数校正技术基本原理，最后给出了几种实际应用电路。     

高功率因数锂电池化成能量回馈系统

电池化成作为电池生产过程中的关键工序关系到电池的特性和质量,并直接影响电池的生产成本。设计了一套带能量回馈功能的高功率因数锂电池化成系统,包含监控、AC/DC双向变流器和DC/DC双向变换器。AC/DC双向变流器可实现能量的双向传递和交流侧高功率因数,双向DC/DC变换器用于实现锂电池的充、放电。对AC/DC双向变流器和双向DC/DC变换器的工作原理进行了分析,并通过实验对实验样机进行功能验证。