基于铁谱技术的内燃机的应用研究

介绍了内燃机的磨损及典型磨粒特点,利用铁谱技术作为一种监测手段,通过磨粒分析来判断内燃机的磨损状态.     

透平机减速齿轮箱的在线铁谱监测

在线铁谱技术是一种由分析铁谱技术发展而来的磨损状态实时监测技术，对于连续运行的关键设备的主要摩擦付实施在线铁谱监测是十分必要的。它可以避免离线铁谱监测的取样、制样等繁杂过程和长间隔采样漏掉故障信息等缺点。利用在线铁谱技术对透平机减速齿轮箱的磨损状态监测结果表明，即使在正常磨损状态下，齿轮摩擦付的磨损速率并不是恒定的。它既受磨粒在摩擦付附近的不均匀造成的随机误差影响，又受齿轮载荷变化的影响。而磨损趋     

内燃机活塞环-缸套磨损研究的现状与展望

论述了内燃机活塞环-缸套摩擦副磨损的理论和试验研究现状,讨论展望了内燃机活塞环-缸套摩擦副磨损研究中进一步需要解决的问题。     

铁谱技术在判断发动机磨损状态中的应用研究

发动机中各摩擦副的工作环境恶劣,磨拟状态复杂,很难精确描述。而发动机所处的磨损状态是判断其是否正常工作的重要标准,因此建立发动机磨损状态监测具有重大的经济和社会效益。笔者利用铁谱技术作为一种监测手段,通过磨粒分析来判断发动机的磨损状态。     

利用铁谱技术分析某柴油机的摩擦聚合物

发动机所处的磨损状态是判断其是否正常工作的一个重要的标准,其中各摩擦副的工作环境恶劣、磨损过程复杂,很难精确描述.在发动机磨损异常状态监测尤其要引起注意.文章利用铁谱技术对其润滑油变质产物--摩擦聚合物进行监测,通过磨粒分析来判断发动机的磨损状态.     

《铁谱技术及其在机械监测诊断中的应用》

由铁谱技术专家萧汉梁教授撰写的《铁谱技术及其在机械监测诊断中的应用》已由人民交通出版社出版,共17万字.该书以摩擦学的观点论述磨粒的形成机理、形貌特征及识别原则;系统地阐述了现行的铁谱定量参数及定量分析方法;探讨了计算机技术在铁谱分析中的应用和发展前景.同时本书还以一定的篇幅详细论述内燃机和齿轮箱铁港监测诊断的原理和方法,重点介绍了内燃机的摩擦学分析和常见磨损的特征;列举了铁谱监测的应用实例,这些实例涉及了不同类型、不同工作条件和不同监测内容的内燃机、齿轮箱以及大型滚动轴承,对它们的结构特点、故障现象、诊断方法与结论,均作了比较的详细的论述.书中附有彩色插图64幅.该书由人民交通出版社中南图书发行公司发行,每本10元,另加邮挂费1元..欢迎各界工程技术人员     

计算机信息处理技术在铁谱分析中的运用

铁谱技术的原理最早是由美国麻省理工学院的W.W.Seifert和Foxboro公司的V.C.Westcott于1970年提出的。1972年V.C.Westcott取得了这项专利,并由Foxboro公司制成第一台铁谱仪。铁谱技术于1979年传入我国。在这短短的二十年内,铁谱技术在机器设备的磨损工况监控与故障诊断,摩擦磨损的机理研究,润滑剂的评价,机械零件的失效分析与可靠性研究,机械零件的摩擦学设计和医疗工程中得到广泛应用。铁谱技术的运用已产生了可观的经济和社会效益。传统的人工定性分析存在对分析人员专业化程度要求高、难于确定,定量化信息量少、精度低和分析数据和谱片管理困难等缺点,随着计算机信息处理技术的引用,将更广泛地挖掘铁谱技术的潜力,使铁谱技术向高智能的自动识别与诊断方向发展。     

内燃机缸套-活塞环摩擦学研究回顾与展望

内燃机缸套-活塞环摩擦副是一个典型的摩擦学系统,其中含有多种类型的摩擦和磨损,润滑、摩擦、磨损的相互作用十分显著。其摩擦学性能对提高内燃机的可靠性和耐久性,保证内燃机经济、可靠地工作具有决定性的作用。其摩擦学问题的研究一直是人们关注的热点之一。     

活塞环-缸套摩擦磨损性能的实验研究

活塞环-缸套的摩擦学性能直接影响内燃机的工作性能,降低活塞环的磨损量对提高内燃机的可靠性和耐久性,保证内燃机经济、可靠地工作具有决定性的作用。文中通过实验得出活塞环-缸套在不同工况下的摩擦磨损性能,根据实验结果绘制曲线进行分析,从中找出活塞环-缸套摩擦磨损的有关规律。     

某型涡轴航空发动机磨损状态及趋势预测研究

联合采用发射光谱和铁谱技术对某型航空涡轴发动机进行了磨损状态的分析研究,结果表明:发射光谱技术可准确预测发动机的损坏情况,铁谱技术通过分析磨粒特征,可判断发动机的运行状况、磨损机理及磨损类型,而发射光谱和铁谱技术的联合运用可以较准确地确定发动机润滑部件的磨损状态,诊断磨损故障及预测磨损趋势.     

The Friction Behavior of Individual Components of a Spark-Ignition Engine During Warm-Up

The research presented herein fills a void in the published literature through investigation of transient friction contributions by individual internal combustion engine components during simulated engine warm-up. Currently, engine manufacturers design internal combustion engines primarily for use at steady-state operating conditions with little design consideration for transient engine warm-up. Using the motoring torque waveform and cycle-averaged data of a spark-ignition internal combustion engine, the present work determined the friction behavior of individual engine component assemblies, including the valve train, pistons and connecting rods, oil pump, and crankshaft of a modern internal combustion engine. A common criticism of the standard motoring method is that the engine does not warm up, so lubricant temperature and viscosity does not model that of a fired engine. In the present study, the lubricant and coolant were warmed from 25 to 85°C. Observations were presented as to the effect of engine speed and the temperature of the coolant and lubricant on total engine friction. Contributions of individual engine components to total engine losses were examined, as well as their variation with engine temperature. The added knowledge of the transient effects of engine temperature can help future designers to mitigate friction and component wear, thus improving overall maintenance costs, specific fuel consumption, and emissions.     

复合抗磨修复添加剂的研制及摩擦学性能测试

本文复配了几种发动机抗磨修复剂，并利用RFT往复摩擦磨损试验机对各种复配的抗磨修复添加剂与市售的各种发动机抗磨修复剂的抗磨减摩性进行了比较，结果表明，配制的抗磨修复添加剂达到了降低磨擦，减小失重和修复目的，通过扫描电镜对磨斑表面元素的分析发现，目前市场上抗磨修复剂多是以环烷酸铅或油酸铅为主，而本文配制的抗磨修复剂不含铅。     

The effect of a friction modifier on piston ring and cylinder bore friction and wear

The addition of friction modifiers to crankcase lubricants has been shown to significantly reduce the mechanical losses of critical components in internal combustion (ic) engine; thereby improving fuel economy.In this study the friction and wear of a piston ring/cylinder bore material combination was studied using a pin-on-plate laboratory tribo-test machine developed to reproduce the wear mechanisms encountered in an ic engine. Two lubricants were evaluated: (i) a standard SAE 30 grade diesel formulation, and (ii) the same formulation with the addition of a 5% soluble MoS₂ friction modifier.Analysis of the wear results identified three periods of wear: (1) running-in, (2) transient wear and (3) terminal wear. Throughout this study particular emphasis has been placed on the simulation of the wear mechanisms occurring within engines. Surface analysis confirmed that both abrasive wear and delamination wear was produced.Friction benefits attributable to the addition of MoS₂ friction modifier were obtained. However, under specific conditions the wear rate increased due to increased abrasion of the plate.     

Contemporary challenges of soot build-up in IC engine and their tribological implications

Confronted with the contemporary challenges of maximising energy efficiency with minimal impact on the environment, the automotive industry has developed various technologies to tackle them. Most of these technologies, however, have wider implications on the tribological performance of the automotive engines due to resultant soot build-up. This paper reviews the effects that attempts by stakeholders to satisfy requirements for reduced fuel consumption, reduced emissions and extended service intervals have had on increasing soot levels to an extent that can lead to engine component failure. Three areas have been identified that have either not been explored or not widely explored in the study of automotive soot namely: numerical simulation and modelling of soot wear, soot effects on wear of actual engine components and the wear and friction performance of non-metallic materials used in internal combustion engines. A paper-grading system is also utilised to present an overview of how sooty oil-related research covers various areas.     

发动机零部件磨损量的光谱测量数值分析与试验研究

建立新发展的分析模型,采用适当的数值计算方法,对光谱分析数据进行处理,以得到发动机各零部件在运行过程中的实际磨损量,并将这一技术应用于发动机零部件磨损试验。初步验证了这一技术应用于发动机摩擦、磨损分析、试验研究和运行监测、故障预测诊断的可能性,为今后发动机摩擦、磨损分析、试验研究和运行监测及故障预测、诊断提供了有益的途径。     

球轴承对凸轮轴摩擦力的影响研究

在可预见的将来,内燃机仍然是主要的汽车驱动力来源。随着油耗法规的不断严苛,持续提升内燃机热效率十分必要,发动机减摩是降低油耗提高热效率的主要途径之一,其中,凸轮轴采用球轴承替代滑动轴承是发动机减摩的重要研究方向。本文以我司1.5T直列4缸发动机为研究对象,通过改变凸轮轴头端轴承类型来研究球轴承对凸轮轴转动摩擦力的影响,实验结果表明,加装球轴承后,凸轮轴的转动扭矩在低速工况下有一定的改善,中高速工况滑动轴承摩擦力更小。     

Wear measurement using radionuclide-technique (RNT)

Wear measurement based on the radionuclide-technique (RNT) is a unique way to determine the tribological performance of a system continuously and in real-time. Due to its extremely high resolution and accuracy this method is especially suited to mechanical systems showing low wear rates. When simultaneously to wear, friction is also measured, dynamic processes like running-in can be assessed precisely. This leads to a deeper understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of the wear process. The method, therefore, can be used for applied as well as for detailed basic research. This paper deals with the fundamentals of RNT and its application. Although most of the examples come from combustion engine tribology, the findings can be generalized to other areas of mechanical engineering.     

现代内燃机耐磨损设计技术

介绍了现代内燃机设计中，为保证和提高内燃机主要零件的耐磨损性能，在材料选择、热处理、表面强化等方面采取的主要措施和技术。