磷酸三甲酚酯和 ＺＤＤＰ 的极压抗磨协同效应

利用四球试验机考察磷酸三甲酚酯 (TCP)和二烷基二硫代磷酸锌（ZDDP）的极压抗磨性能以及TCP和ZDDP复配后极压抗磨的协同效果。试验结果表明,TCP的抗磨性能要优于ZDDP,但ZDDP的极压性能要好于TCP;在较低的负荷下,TCP与ZDDP复配后能产生一定的协同抗磨效应;ZDDP添加剂可有效地改善TCP的极压性能。     

固体添加剂、摩擦改进剂在锂基润滑脂中的应用研究

针对常用复合锂基润滑脂存在的润滑极压抗磨性不足等问题,研究不同固体添加剂、摩擦改进剂对复合锂基润滑脂极压抗磨减摩性能的影响。结果表明,固体添加剂对复合锂基润滑脂极压抗磨性能影响较大,其中PTFE和二硫化钼组成的复配剂可使润滑脂得到优异的极压和抗磨性能;摩擦改进剂Priolube 3986复酯和硬脂酸复配具有协同作用,可明显增强润滑脂的抗磨减摩性能;固体添加剂和摩擦改进剂对润滑脂的润滑作用可以优势互补,全面提升润滑脂综合性能。     

固体添加剂和摩擦改进剂对锂基润滑脂性能的影响

针对常用复合锂基润滑脂存在的润滑极压抗磨性不足等问题,研究不同固体添加剂、摩擦改进剂对复合锂基润滑脂极压抗磨减摩性能的影响。结果表明,固体添加剂对复合锂基润滑脂极压抗磨性能影响较大,其中PTFE和二硫化钼组成的复配剂可使润滑脂得到优异的极压和抗磨性能;摩擦改进剂Priolube 3986复酯和硬脂酸复配具有协同作用,可明显增强润滑脂的抗磨减摩性能;固体添加剂和摩擦改进剂对润滑脂的润滑作用可以优势互补,全面提升润滑脂综合性能。     

有机铋化合物的极压抗磨协同性能研究

利用四球试验机评价了二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸铋(B iDDC)与二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸酯(V7723)、硫化异丁烯(VSB)和非硫磷钼酸酯(MoNO)添加剂的极压和抗磨性能,以及它们之间的极压和抗磨协同作用。试验结果表明:B iDDC添加剂在基础油中具有突出的极压性能,并且与V7723和VSB都表现出了较好的极压协同效果,但是在抗磨性能上,没有产生协同作用。然而B iDDC和MoNO添加剂复合后,不仅表现出了很好的抗磨协同作用,而且没有降低油样的极压性能。     

富勒烯与纳米二硫化钨极压抗磨协同性能研究

为探讨富勒烯与纳米二硫化钨的极压抗磨协同性能,利用四球试验机考察富勒烯与纳米二硫化钨复配后在PAO基础油中的摩擦学性能;采用扫描电子显微镜对试验钢球磨痕形貌进行分析,探究富勒烯与纳米二硫化钨的协同作用机制。结果表明:富勒烯与纳米二硫化钨单剂对PAO基础油减摩抗磨效果的改善不明显,而富勒烯与纳米二硫化钨复配后可明显提高油样的减摩抗磨性能,其中质量分数0.01%富勒烯与0.005%二硫化钨复配后减摩抗磨协同效果最优,这是因为富勒烯能够实现滚动摩擦,而纳米二硫化钨能够沉淀到磨损处,起到修复的作用,两者的协同作用,提高了基础油的抗磨减摩性能;富勒烯与纳米二硫化钨复配并不能提高基础油极压性能,这是因为富勒烯不能与纳米二硫化钨生成新的物质来提高基础油的承载能力。     

极压抗磨剂在GTL基础油中的感受性研究*

为探讨GTL基础油与常用极压抗磨剂感受性,分别将二烷基二硫代磷酸锌（T203）、磷酸三甲酚酯（T306）、二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼（S-525）、钼胺络合物（MOLYVAN 855）、硫磷酸复酯胺盐（T307）、硫化异丁烯（T321）和合成酯（VANLUBE 7723）与GTL基础油进行调配,利用四球摩擦试验机分别考察单剂和复配后油样的最大无卡咬负荷、磨斑直径和摩擦因数。结果表明：T307、MOLYVAN 855在GTL基础油中极压性和抗磨性最优;T203和VANLUBE 7723复配、T203和MOLYVAN 855复配对GTL基础油极压性和抗磨性能提升明显,而T203和S-525复配具有最佳的减摩效果;T306分别和S-525、T307和T321复配时表现出的极压性能变化趋势相似,而T306和T307复配在表现出良好极压性能的同时,兼具有较好的减摩抗磨效果。     

新型有机铋化合物的极压抗磨性能

利用四球试验机评价合成的环烷酸铋的极压抗磨性能以及与硫化异丁烯(T321)、ZDDP、磷酸三甲酚酯(TCP)、氯化石蜡(T301)常用添加剂之间的极压和抗磨协同性能。结果表明,环烷酸铋具有优良的极压抗磨性能,同硫化异丁烯之间有突出的极压协同作用,与ZDDP和氯化石蜡之间也有良好的抗磨协同作用和极压协同作用,可显著提高润滑油的极压性能和改善抗磨性能;但与磷类添加剂(磷酸酯)的协同性较差。     

纳米Al/Sn金属颗粒对润滑油抗磨极压性能的影响

利用四球试验机分别对添加有纳米铅粉、锡粉以及Al Sn金属粉的润滑油进行极压和抗磨性能实验。采用SEM(扫描电子显微镜)对摩擦表面进行观察，采用EDS(能量色散谱仪)对表面进行元素测定。测试结果表明．纳米Al Sn金属粉可在较宽的载荷范围内明显改善润滑油的极压抗磨性能。其作用机理是锡粉在低载荷阶段沉积到摩擦表面起到抗磨剂作用，铝粉在高载荷阶段沉积到摩擦表面起到极压剂作用．从而实现了在低载荷到高载荷范围内对润滑油抗磨极压性能的提高．     

切削油中硝基化合物取代氯化石蜡的性能研究

采用四球极压和四球抗磨试验机以及攻丝扭矩试验机(MicroTap)考察硝基化合物和高分子聚合酯在纯油型金属切削液中的润滑极压性能,探讨使用硝基化合物取代氯化石蜡研发重负荷无氯切削油的可行性和机制。结果表明:硝基化合物润滑添加剂能有效提高切削油的润滑和抗磨性能;与硫类极压剂复配能显著提高切削油的烧结负荷,其润滑极压性能与氯化石蜡相当。     

环烷酸铋的极压抗磨协同效应研究

探讨了环烷酸铋的合成方法,利用四球试验机评价了环烷酸铋的极压抗磨性能以及与硫化异丁烯(T321)、ZDDP、磷酸三甲酚酯(TCP)、氯化石蜡(T301)、硼酸盐(T361)、MoDDC常用添加剂之间的极压和抗磨协同性能。结果表明,环烷酸铋具有优良的极压抗磨性能,同硫化异丁烯之间有突出的极压协同作用,与ZDDP、MoDDC和氯化石蜡之间也有良好的抗磨协同作用和极压协同作用,可显著提高润滑油的极压性能和改善抗磨性能。     

The performance and antiwear mechanism of S-containing organic borate as an oil additive

A sulphur-containing organic borate (BS-2) was prepared. Its friction and wear properties when added to n-tetradecane, and the effect on wear of addition of dodecyl amine to the synthesised S-containing borate oil, were measured using a Timken test machine. The results were compared with those of tridodecyl borate, and a combination of tridodecyl borate and sulphurised cotton seed oil. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) was used to examine the rubbed surfaces of the test blocks, while Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersion Analysis of X-ray (EDAX) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) were used to study the wear debris. It is found that S-containing organic borate exhibits a poorer antiwear property than tridodecyl borate but, with the addition of dodecyl amine to the S-containing borate, its antiwear property can be improved. XPS analyses indicate that sulphur on the rubbed surfaces exists in the forms of organic sulphide and FeSO₄, and the addition of amine reduces the adsorption and reaction of sulphur to the rubbing surfaces. SEM analyses revealed that the wear debris was in powder form, and the EDAX and XRD analyses indicated that iron sulphide, iron oxide and elemental iron were contained in the wear debris. A corrosive wear mechanism of steel test blocks lubricated by S-containing organic borate is proposed.     

Borate esters used as lubricant additives

Borate esters possess friction‐reducing, antiwear, and anti‐oxidant characteristics when blended in lubricating oils. However, borate esters are susceptible to hydrolysis. The formation of a stable five‐member ring structure in the ester molecules, involving coordination of nitrogen with boron, contributes substantially to the resistance to hydrolysis of borate esters. The susceptibility of borates to hydrolysis can be reduced by introducing N,N‐dialkylaminoethyl groups with alkyl radicals containing more than three carbon atoms. X‐ray photo‐electron spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction reveal that the borate ester can be adsorbed on the rubbing surface, and some of the adsorbed borate film degrades and forms boron nitride. Four‐ball wear tests indicate that the combination of oil‐soluble copper, tin, and cadmium compounds with organoborates gives better antiwear properties than the components separately. An antiwear synergistic mechanism is postulated in which borates with electron‐deficient boron p orbitals catalyse the tribo‐reduction of the metal compounds on the rubbing surfaces, producing elemental metals.     

Preparation of borate ester and evaluation of its tribological properties as an additive in different base oils

N‐containing borate ester (MEBE) with five‐member ring structure as a lubricant additive was synthesised. The tribological properties in liquid paraffin (LP), poly‐alpha‐olefin (PAO) and dioctyl sebacate (DOS) were evaluated, and the action mechanisms in different base oils were also explored. It was found that as‐synthesised borate ester possesses excellent antiwear performance in LP and PAO. XPS analysis suggests that the additive forms a protective film on the rubbing surfaces which is composed of BN, Fe₂O₃, polyoxyethylene ether and N‐containing organic compounds. The inorganic and organic protective films in the metal surface effectively improve the antiwear ability of the base stock. However, when the additive MEBE was introducted into DOS base oil which is prone to adsorbing to the metal surface because of the high polarity of DOS, it influences the compactness of the film formed by the DOS, resulting in weak antiwear property. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

纳米硼酸镧对润滑油抗磨性能影响的研究

本文利用CO2超临界干燥法制备了粒径在10～70nm范围内的硼酸镧粒子,用四球机考察了其对润滑油抗磨性能的影响。结果表明,硼酸镧纳米粒子能显著提高润滑油的抗磨性,并借助扫描电子显微镜和X-射线光电子能谱初步分析了其抗磨机理。     

纳微米硼酸盐添加剂与硫系添加剂复配的摩擦学性能研究

本文研究了纳微米硼酸盐添加剂（简称MB添加剂，下同）与SO复配体系的协同效应及其作用机理。结果表明：MB添加剂与SO复配体系的极压抗磨性具有协同效应。当WMB=0.40%时，极压抗磨性最好；摩擦改进剂ASBT对上述复配体系的抗磨性有较大改善。当WASBT－0．10－0．15％时，复配体系的抗磨性最好。在MB添加剂与SO复配体系油润滑条件下，摩擦表面生成了含元素C、S、B和N复杂摩擦化学反应膜；摩擦改进剂ASBT的加入，改变了摩擦化学反应膜的化学组成和摩擦表面形貌，提高了以应膜的承载能力和耐磨性。     

Friction and wear behavior of AZ91D magnesium alloy against steel lubricated with N‐ and S‐containing organic borates

The friction reduction and antiwear properties of a range of nitrogen‐ and sulfur‐containing organic borates as oil additives in mineral oil were assessed using a Timken tester with a bearing steel ring against an AZ91D magnesium alloy block. X‐ray photoelectron spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy were employed to examine the boundary film formed on the surface of the magnesium alloy block. The results show that the borate additives were effective at reducing the wear of magnesium. The acting mechanism of borate, which acted as additive in the magnesium‐on‐steel tribological system, was proposed. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

水溶性含氮硼酸酯摩擦学性能研究

利用四球机和环块试验机考察了两种水溶性含氮硼酸酯的摩擦学性能,并用X－射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）对摩擦表面进行了分析,摩擦学试验表明：含氮硼酸酯在水中具有良好的减摩抗磨性能和承载能力,表面分析证实含氮硼酸酯在摩擦过程中发生了摩擦化学反应,生成了含硼酸,三氧化二硼,有机氮等的复合膜,有效地提高了水基液的抗磨减摩性能和承载能力。     

Tribological studies on a novel borate ester containing benzothiazol-2-yl and disulfide groups as multifunctional additive

A novel borate ester derivative containing benzothiazol-2-yl and disulfide group (BTSB) was synthesized and characterized. Its tribological properties used as EP and multifunctional additive in rapeseed oil were evaluated using a four-ball tribometer, and its action mechanisms were investigated by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Results show that the BTSB possesses comprehensive tribological properties in load-carrying, friction-reducing, antiwear, corrosion-inhibiting, and anti-oxidation, which probably has a chance to replace ZDDP partially. Moreover, the decomposed borate esters, organic sulfide and nitrogen adsorbed on worn surface were detected, and S element in BTSB reacted with metal and generated FeSO₄, both of which contributed to the formation of boundary lubricating film.     

含硫氮硼酸酯在菜子油中的摩擦学性能研究

合成了一种新型含硫氮硼酸酯润滑油添加剂，利用四球摩擦磨损试验机考察了其在菜子油中的摩擦学性能，并用x射线光电子能谱仪分析了磨斑表面的元素化学状态。结果表明：含硫氮硼酸酯可显著改善菜子油的减摩抗磨性能和承载能力；含上述添加剂的菜子油在摩擦过程中发生了摩擦化学反应，生成了含菜子油甘油酯、有机硫化物、硫酸亚铁、三氧化二硼等组成的边界润滑膜，从而改善了菜子油的摩擦学性能。     

Tribocatalysis reaction during antiwear synergism between borates and Sn(IV) compounds in boundary lubrication

The combination of an oil-soluble Sn(IV) compound such as dibutyl tin dilaurate and organic borates gave better antiwear protection to an oil than either component separately. The surface examination of the rubbing zone indicated that the atomic concentration of tin produced on the boundary layers by such combinations was greater than those without borates. Based on this, an antiwear synergistic mechanism can be postulated in which borates with electron-deficient p orbits in boron catalyse the triboreduction of Sn(IV) compounds on rubbing surfaces.