氧化时间和温度对Si基AAO模板制备的影响

采用一次阳极氧化法,通过电解P型<100>晶向Si衬底上的高纯Al膜,在40V下,0.3M草酸中制备了Si基anodic aluminum oxide(AAO)模板。在Si基Al氧化过程中,通过电流密度随时间实时变化曲线的分析,研究了Si基AAO的生长机理。实验发现,电解液温度对Si基AAO制备的影响很大,在30℃下的氧化速度是在10℃下的5倍多。     

Si衬底的氮化处理对ZnO薄膜质量的影响

用氮化处理的方法对Si衬底的表面进行钝化,外延生长出高质量的ZnO薄膜。ZnO薄膜的质量通过X 射线(XRD)、阴极射线(CL)谱和光致发光(PL)谱来表征。氮化的作用主要表现在生长ZnO薄膜的XRD的半高宽由未经氮化的0.25°;减小为经氮化后的0.20°,CL谱的紫外发光增强,深缺陷发光变弱。这说明,在ZnO外延生长前,对Si表面的氮化是一种提高其质量的有效方法。并对氮化处理提高ZnO薄膜质量的机理进行了探索。     

退火温度对ZnO薄膜结构和发光性能的影响

采用常压金属有机物化学气相淀积法在(0001)Al2O3衬底上生长出高质量ZnO单晶膜,在空气中进行了710～860℃不同温度的退火处理.用X射线双晶衍射、光致发光法研究了退火温度对ZnO薄膜的结构、发光性能的影响.ZnO(002)面X射线双晶ω扫描曲线的半高宽(FWHM) 随退火温度的升高变小,770℃后基本保持不变,ZnO(102)面双晶ω扫描曲线的FWHM一直变小.770℃退火后ZnO样品X射线ω-2θ扫描曲线中出现ZnO2(200)衍射峰.同时,光致发光测试表明,随着退火温度升高,带边发光强度减弱,与深能级有关的绿带发光出现并逐渐增强.通过ICP刻蚀,去除退火后样品的表面层,ω-2θ扫描曲线中ZnO2(200)衍射峰和PL谱中绿带发光均消失,表明ZnO2相和深能级缺陷在样品表面.     

退火温度对ZnO薄膜结构和发光性能的影响

采用常压金属有机物化学气相淀积法在(0001)Al2O3衬底上生长出高质量ZnO单晶膜,在空气中进行了710～860℃不同温度的退火处理．用X射线双晶衍射、光致发光法研究了退火温度对ZnO薄膜的结构、发光性能的影响．ZnO（002）面X射线双晶ω扫描曲线的半高宽(FWHM) 随退火温度的升高变小,770℃后基本保持不变,ZnO（102）面双晶ω扫描曲线的FWHM一直变小．770℃退火后ZnO样品X射线ω-2θ扫描曲线中出现ZnO2（200）衍射峰．同时,光致发光测试表明,随着退火温度升高,带边发光强度减弱,与深能级有关的绿带发光出现并逐渐增强．通过ICP刻蚀,去除退火后样品的表面层,ω-2θ扫描曲线中ZnO2（200）衍射峰和PL谱中绿带发光均消失,表明ZnO2相和深能级缺陷在样品表面．     

SiO2/Si上石墨烯薄膜的化学气相沉积法制备及其性能表征

以铜为催化剂,采用聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)和甲烷为碳源的化学气相沉积两步法,在SiO₂/Si衬底上制备了石墨烯薄膜。利用拉曼光谱分析了薄膜的层数和质量,利用光学显微镜(OM)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析了薄膜的尺寸与表面形貌。实验探究了生长时间、氢气流量和气体总压强等工艺参数对石墨烯薄膜层数和质量的影响,最终在优化条件下制得10μm级质量较高的多层石墨烯薄膜。     

制备条件对SnO_2／Si性质的影响

研究了沉积温度、ＳｎＣｌ４溶液的浓度、掺Ｐｄ等对ＳｎＯ２／Ｓｉ光电压的影响，测量了ＳｎＯ２／Ｓｉ的光电压谱，得出最佳的制备条件，进行了有关计算和分析。     

功率SiGe/Si HBT的温度特性

测量了Si/SiGe HBT在23~260℃温度范围内的Gummel图、理想因子n、不同基极电流下的发射结电压VBE、电流增益β、共发射极输出特性,以及Early电压VA的变化情况。结果表明,随电流和温度的增加,β减少,VBE随温度的变化率dVBE/dT小于同质结Si BJT。在高集电极-发射极电压和大电流下,在输出特性曲线上观察到了负微分电阻(NDR)特性。结果还显示,电流增益-Early电压积与温度的倒数(1/T)呈线性关系,这对模拟电路应用是很重要和有用的。     

应力对ZnO/Si异质结构的光致发光的影响

研究了ZnO薄膜中应力对发光的影响.实验样品为ZnO体单晶、在Si基片上直接生长的ZnO薄膜以及通过SiC过渡层在Si基片上生长的ZnO薄膜.测量了这三种样品的X射线衍射图形、喇曼光谱和光致发光光谱.由X射线衍射图形可以看出,由于SiC过渡层缓解了ZnO与Si之间的晶格失配,使得通过SiC过渡层在Si上生长的ZnO薄膜的结晶质量好于直接在Si上生长的ZnO薄膜的质量.进一步通过喇曼谱测量发现,与ZnO体单晶相比,直接在Si上生长的ZnO薄膜的E2(high)峰红移1.9cm-1,根据喇曼谱峰位移与应力的关系可以推出薄膜中存在0.4GPa的张应力;而通过SiC过渡层在Si上生长的ZnO薄膜的E2(high)峰红移0.9cm-1,对应着0.2GPa的张应力.对照X射线衍射图形的结果可以看出,薄膜中张应力的大小与薄膜的结晶质量密切相关,表明张应力来源于外延层和基片间的晶格失配,晶格失配越大,外延层中产生的张应力越大.有无SiC过渡层的两种薄膜样品的PL光谱中都存在紫外和绿光两种谱带,随样品热处理时氧气分压增加,两种样品都出现绿光增强的相似的变化规律,但有SiC过渡层的样品的变化幅度较小.这一结果说明,绿色发光中心与薄膜的质量,也就是与薄膜中存在的张应力大小有关.在以往研究中得出的非故意掺杂ZnO薄膜的绿色发光中心来源于氧反位缺陷(Ozn),文中研究的结果正好可以解释氧反位缺陷形成的原因.由于薄膜中存在张应力,使得样品的能量升高,其结果必然会产生缺陷来释放张应力,以便降低系统能量.而氧离子半径大于锌离子半径,氧替位锌有利于释放张应力,也就是说,在存在张应力的情况下,Ozn的形成能降低.这一结果进一步证明Si上生长的ZnO薄膜中的绿色发光中心与氧反位缺陷有关.     

热处理温度对片状ZnO晶体结构和光学性质的影响

采用均匀沉淀法,在无任何催化剂的条件下,两步合成片状ZnO晶体。105℃干燥得到ZnO晶体前驱物,400℃煅烧得到纯ZnO晶体。通过XRD、SEM、TEM、UV-vis和PL光谱等测试手段对ZnO晶体在两个不同热处理温度下的结构和光学性质进行表征。结果显示:ZnO晶体为六方纤锌矿结构,(0001)面形貌为规则的片状正六边形。热处理温度由105℃升至400℃,样品直径增加,透射率降低,禁带宽度减小,光致发光近带边发射峰强度减弱,位置红移。实验结果表明,热处理温度对均匀沉淀法合成ZnO晶体的光学性质存在一定影响。     

激光气相法实验参数对Fe/C/Si超微粒子性能的影响

本文较为详细地研究了实验参数对激光气相法制备Fe/C/Si超微粒子的化学成份、粒径、形貌及结构等方面的影响规律。采用X-射线衍射、电子衍射、透射电镜、热分析等先进手段对超微粒子的性能进行了分析。     

Interface properties of ZnO nanotips grown on Si substrates

ZnO nanotips have been grown on Si (100) using metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). The growth temperature is optimized for good crystallinity, morphology, and optical properties. ZnO nanotips exhibit a strong near band edge emission of ∼376 nm at room temperature with negligible green band emission. Pregrowth substrate treatment using diluted hydrofluoric acid (HF) and minimized oxygen exposure before the initial growth significantly reduces the interfacial SiO₂ thickness, while maintaining good morphology. An n-ZnO nanotips/p-Si diode is fabricated and its I–V characteristic is measured. The threshold voltage of the diode is found to be below 2.0 V with small reverse leakage current. The ZnO/p-Si diodes provide the possibility of integrating the ZnO nanotips with Si-based electronic devices.     

Effects of post-annealing by the rapid thermal process on the characteristics of MOCVD-Cu/TiN/Si structures

Effects of rapid thermal annealing on the characteristics of Cu films deposited from the (hfac)Cu(VTMS) precursor and on the barrier properties of TiN layers were studied. By the post-annealing, the electrical characteristics of Cu/TiN and the microstructures of Cu films were significantly changed. The properties of Cu films were more sensitive to the annealing temperature than the annealing time. Sheet resistances were decreased in 400–450°C ranges, and abrupt increases were observed above 750°C. It was also found that the copper films showed pronounced grain growth with the (111) preferred orientation. The grain growth and condensation of copper were observed below 500°C without formation of the CuO and Cu₂O phase resulting in surface degradation. Above 500°C, the oxide compound of copper was partially formed on the surface and the inter-reaction on the Cu-TiN interface was started. The inter-reaction of Cu-Ti and Cu-Si interface vigorously occurred and the surface roughness was continuously deteriorated above 650°C. It revealed that the optimum annealing conditions for MOCVD-Cu/PVD-TiN structures to enhance the electrical characteristics without degradation of TiN barriers were in the range of 400°C.     

自催化方式制备ZnO纳米线及光致发光特性

采用化学气相沉积法,不用催化剂,在Si(111)基片上制备了ZnO纳米线。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征发现ZnO纳米线的直径在100nm左右。X射线衍射(XRD)图谱上只存在ZnO的(002)衍射峰。室温下光致发光谱(PL)中出现了389nm和357nm的紫外峰以及五个蓝光峰(450,468,474,481和491nm)。389nm峰为自由激子复合发射357nm峰是在LO声子的参与下,自由载流子碰撞形成自由激子过程的发光行为;468nm峰系电子从氧空位形成的浅施主能级向价带跃迁发光;450nm峰系电子从导带向锌空位形成的浅受主能级跃迁发光;474,481和491nm峰是声子伴线。     

基于ZnO/Si结构的声表面波器件设计研究

微机电系统(MEMS)工艺已被广泛用于制造各种硅基薄膜器件.声表面波(SAW)器件是性能优良的MEMS器件.该文利用多物理耦合场软件COMSOL Multiphysics仿真了氧化锌/硅(ZnO/Si)结构SAW谐振器,并得到其S11参数.对应于仿真,该文制造了该种结构的SAW器件.实验所用的ZnO通过射频磁控溅射制备,所制备的ZnO具有良好的(002)取向.实验测得的ZnO/Si结构SAW器件的中心频率为111.6 MHz,与仿真结构接近.     

A GeSi-buffer structure for growth of high-quality GaAs epitaxial layers on a Si substrate

A SiGe-buffer structure for growth of high-quality GaAs layers on a Si (100) substrate is proposed. For the growth of this SiGe-buffer structure, a 0.8-μm Si_0.1 Ge_0.9 layer was first grown. Because of the large mismatch between this layer and the Si substrate, many dislocations formed near the interface and in the low part of the Si_0.1Ge_0.9 layer. A 0.8-μm Si_0.05Ge_0.95 layer and a 1-μm top Ge layer were subsequently grown. The strained Si_0.05Ge_0.95/Si_0.1Ge_0.9 and Ge/Si_0.05Ge_0.95 interfaces formed can bend and terminate the upward-propagated dislocations very effectively. An in-situ annealing process is also performed for each individual layer. Finally, a 1–3-μm GaAs film was grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) at 600°C. The experimental results show that the dislocation density in the top Ge and GaAs layers can be greatly reduced, and the surface was kept very smooth after growth, while the total thickness of the structure was only 5.1 μm (2.6-μm SiGe-buffer structure +2.5-μm GaAs layer).     

Si基GaN薄膜的制备方法及结构表征

分别采用射频磁控溅射、热壁化学气相沉积(CVD)、电泳沉积法制备GaN薄膜。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、荧光光谱仪对样品进行结构、形貌和发光特性的分析比较。射频磁控溅射方法中,把SiC中间层沉淀到Si衬底上,目的是为了缓冲由GaN外延层和Si衬底的晶格失配造成的应力。结果证实了SiC中间层提高了GaN薄膜的质量。热壁化学气相沉积法制备GaN晶体膜时,选择H2作反应气体兼载体,有利于GaN膜的形成。电泳沉积法显示所得样品为六方纤锌矿结构的GaN多晶薄膜。结果表明:溅射法制备的GaN薄膜结晶效果好;CVD法制备时GaN薄膜应用范围广;电泳沉积法操作方便、简单易行。     

6H-SiC同质外延层上Si1-yCy合金的生长

用化学气相淀积(CVD)的方法, 在6H-SiC衬底上同质外延生长SiC层, 继而外延生长了Si1-yCy合金薄膜, 用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、拉曼散射等方法对所得的样品进行了表征测量, 着重研究了生长得到的Si1-yCy合金的晶体结构。SEM结果显示6H-SiC外延层上生长的Si1-yCy合金薄膜表面平整, 晶粒大小均匀; XRD衍射谱仅显示单一的特征衍射峰(2θ约为28.5°), 表明得到的合金薄膜晶体取向单一, 其晶体类型为4H型; 粗略估算, 合金薄膜中C含量约为3.7%。拉曼谱显示：随生长气源中的C/Si比的增加, Si1-yCy合金薄膜中替位式C含量逐渐增大, 当C/Si比达到一定值时, 合金薄膜中有间隙式C出现, 造成晶体缺陷, Si1-yCy合金薄膜晶体质量下降。     

Photoluminescent properties of ZnO thin films grown on SiO2/Si(100) by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition

We report on the photoluminescent (PL) properties of ZnO thin films grown on SiO₂/Si(100) substrates using low pressure metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. The growth temperature of the films was as low as 400°C. From the PL spectra of the films at 10–300 K, strong PL peaks due to free and bound excitons were observed. The origin of the near bandedge emission peaks was investigated measuring temperature-dependent PL spectra. In addition, the Zn O films demonstrated a stimulated emission peak at room temperature. Upon illumination with an excitation density of 1 MW/cm², a strong, sharp peak was observed at 3.181 eV.     

Effects of Annealing Temperature on Properties of ZnO Thin Films Grown by Pulsed Laser Deposition

ZnO thin films are deposited on n-Si（111） substrates by pulsed laser deposition（PLD） system. Then the samples are annealed at different temperatures in air ambient and their properties are investigated particularly as a function of annealing temperature. The microstructure, morphology and optical properties of the as-grown ZnO films are studied by X-ray diffraetion（XRD）. atomic force mieroseope（AFM）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR） and photoluminescence（PL） spectra. The results show that the as- grown ZnO films have a hexagonal wurtzite structure with a preferred c-axis orientation. Moreover, the diameters of the ZnO crystallites become larger and the crystal quality of the ZnO fihns is improved with the increase of annealing temperature.