牛乳中酪蛋白磷酸肽的制备工艺优化

研究碱性蛋白酶酶解牛乳中酪蛋白制取酪蛋白磷酸肽的条件,并用响应面对其进行优化。在单因素实验的基础上,依据Centure-Composite Design中心组合实验设计原理,运用3因素3水平的响应曲面分析法,建立了碱性蛋白酶水解牛乳酪蛋白制备酪蛋白磷酸肽的二次多项数学模型,并以水解度为响应值作响应面,结果表明:酶水解酪蛋白制备酪蛋白磷酸肽的优化工艺条件分别为,水解时间为90 min、酶用量为底物的2.3%、温度60.04℃,pH值7.73,在此条件下实际水解度为20.40%。以此酶解条件,从牛乳中制备酪蛋白磷酸肽,其得率为6.8%,并对其理化性质进行了检测。     

响应面法优化酪蛋白磷酸肽生产工艺研究

在单因素实验的基础上,根据Box-Behnken的中心组合实验设计原理,采用3因素3水平的响应曲面分析法,建立了胰蛋白酶水解酪蛋白制备酪蛋白磷酸肽的二次多项数学模型,并以水解度为响应值作响应面和等高线,得到酶水解酪蛋白制备酪蛋白磷酸肤的优化工艺条件为:水解时间为6h+12min、酶底比为2.23%、温度50℃.底物浓度为4%、pH8.4、旋转振荡速度120r/min,在此条件下实际水解度为62.04%.     

Alcalase水解酪蛋白制备磷酸肽和非磷肽的研究

研究了Alcalase水解酪蛋白制备磷酸肽和非磷肽的作用条件,同时分析了酪蛋白磷酸肽(CPPs)和酪蛋白非磷肽(CNPPs)的相对分子质量分布和氨基酸组成。结果表明,Alcalase水解酪蛋白的最佳条件是:底物浓度5%,加酶量0.03mL/g蛋白质,温度60℃,pH9.0。乙醇浓度和酪蛋白的水解度(DH)对CPPs的得率和N/P(摩尔比)均有影响:当乙醇浓度为70%,DH为18%时,CPPs得率达到最高,为23.94%,N/P(摩尔比)是9.61,CNPPs得率为76.06%。CPPs和CNPPs的相对分子质量都分布在200～5000之间,其中低于700的肽含量最高,分别为61.52%和67.26%。CNPPs中疏水性氨基酸含量远高于CPPs。     

酪蛋白磷酸肽制备工艺研究

研究从水解液中制备酪蛋白磷酸肽的工艺。通过N/P和得率为评价指标,通过单因素试验和正交试验,确定了胰蛋白酶制备CPPs的条件:酪蛋白浓度为4%,底物与酶的比例为100∶1,水解温度40℃,水解时间60min。CPPs的沉淀分离条件为CaCl2终浓度1.0g/L,乙醇浓度50%vol,沉淀pH值为4.5,沉淀时间6.5h。     

响应面法优化酪蛋白抗菌肽的制备工艺

以酪蛋白为实验原料,利用胃蛋白酶水解制备抗菌肽。在单因素实验的基础上采用Box-Behnken模型响应面设计,建立了胃蛋白酶酶解酪蛋白制备抗菌肽的三元二次回归模型,确定底物浓度2.6%、水解温度37.7℃、pH2.6、酶浓度3%、酶解时间4h为最佳的酶解条件,在此条件下,酶解液对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈直径达到25.8mm。     

响应曲面法优化酪蛋白磷酸肽的制备

采用Plackett-Burman设计法和响应面分析法相结合,以CPP(酪蛋白磷酸肽)得率作为指标,进行碱性蛋白酶水解酪蛋白的条件优化.结果表明,底物浓度、温度和pH是影响CPP得率的主要因素.最佳水解条件为温度55℃、底物浓度16％、pH10.8、酶底比1.5％,水解时间4.5h,在此条件下,CPP得率可达33.2mg/mL.     

响应面法优化酪蛋白酶法水解条件

采用胰蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶及中性蛋白酶对酪蛋白进行水解,以水解度(DH)为测定指标,确定胃蛋白酶为酪蛋白水解的最佳用酶;选定水解温度、p H、加酶量以及水解时间4个因素进行单因素实验,确定胃蛋白酶水解酪蛋白的较佳水解条件;在此基础上,采用响应面法先建立数学模型,然后回归分析、模型评价,确定最佳酶解条件为p H1.3、加酶量1.75mg/m L、温度57℃。此条件下酶解6h,水解度可达9.45%。     

酪蛋白磷酸肽提取工艺

研究从水解液中提取酪蛋白磷酸肽的工艺条件及酪蛋白磷酸肽持钙能力的影响因素.结果表明:酪蛋白磷酸肽的最佳提取工艺条件为:CaCl2的终浓度为1.0 g/L,乙醇的终浓度为50%,pH值为4.5,沉淀时间为6 h.此条件下酪蛋白磷酸肽的N/P比是6.35,得率是13.85%.2.0 g/L的酪蛋白磷酸肽在pH3.0～4.0或7.0～8.0时,可以充分延长形成磷酸钙沉淀的时间.     

酪蛋白源降胆固醇肽的酶解制备工艺优化

以酪蛋白为原料,采用中性蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶以及胰蛋白酶对酪蛋白进行水解,确定制备降胆固醇肽的最佳蛋白酶;通过单因素实验和响应面试验,研究水解pH、水解温度、酶与底物比、底物浓度和水解时间对酪蛋白水解度和胆固醇胶束溶解度抑制率的影响,确定最佳水解条件;而后通过超滤和凝胶过滤层析确定降胆固醇肽的初步分离工艺。结果表明:制备酪蛋白源降胆固醇肽的最佳水解工具酶是中性蛋白酶,其最佳酶解条件为反应温度51.3 ℃,酶与底物浓度比6.47%,pH6.34,底物浓度5 g/100 mL,反应时间3.5 h,胆固醇抑制率为58.25%±0.59%;Sephadex G-10分离酪蛋白降胆固醇肽条件为上样浓度80 mg/mL,上样体积2.5 mL,洗脱速度3.5 mL/min;经酶解、超滤及层析后制备的酪蛋白源降胆固醇肽峰1和峰2样品在100 μg/mL的胆固醇溶解度抑制率为24.2%±0.24%和4.3%±0.16%。经酶解制备分离后,获得具有抑制降固醇胶束溶解活性的降胆固醇肽,为降胆固醇肽的开发提供理论研究基础。     

碱性蛋白酶水解劣质干酪素制备酪蛋白磷酸肽的研究

本实验采用一种微生物酶碱性蛋白酶2709水解劣质干酪素制备酪蛋白磷酸肽(CPPs),采用正交实验优化其水解条件,得出了其最佳水解条件为底物浓度15%,酶浓度800u/g,pH9.0,温度55,时间2.5h.。其N/P为4.371,产率为12.88%。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press