气候对防静电包装材料电性能的影响研究

文中阐述了几种炭系和金属系填料的防静电包装材料在亚热带区内陆气候、北热带海洋气候和寒冷区内陆气候等3种典型气候环境下的自然环境试验结果，分析讨论了防静电包装材料在不同环境中电性能变化行为及原因。     

生物气候与建筑被动式设计策略分析

本文从生物气候设计理论出发，针对一定的舒适需求和气候条件，通过探讨气候与建筑相互关系，对建筑本体设计层面上总结了具有普适性的气候设计策略，以期获得期望的舒适环境。     

浅述我国主要气候类型及其特点

气候类型即地区的自然条件,一般由阳光强弱、水、陆面积大小、水陆位置分布而产生。气候类型不同,其所表现出的气候特点也大有不同。了解气候类型及其对我们生产和生活的影响,有助于我们了解自己身边的气候环境,更好地安排我们的生产生活。本文浅述了我国主气候类型及其特点以及对我国生产生活的影响。     

气候生态产品价值实现标准化建设初探

近年来,气象部门充分挖掘气候生态优质资源优势,积极开展气候生态产品价值实现路径和机制探索,气象标准在其中发挥了规范引领和基础支撑作用。本文梳理分析气候生态产品价值实现气象服务保障国家标准、行业标准、地方标准和团体标准,依据标准内容属性和应用方向将标准分为气候生态资源评价、旅游康养宜居气象保障、农产品气候品质评价、风能太阳能开发利用气象保障4类,并归纳分析相关标准在实际应用中存在的问题,提出改进措施和建议。     

气候变化对河南省小麦产量的影响

为探明气候变化对河南省小麦产量的影响,本文利用河南省气候资料和小麦产量资料,对小麦产量和小麦生育期内气候值及其变化规律进行分析,研究结果表明气候单产与气温、降水有很好的对应关系。     

关中平原气候因素的多元统计分析

利用关中平原气候因素 1 7年的数据资料 ,应用系统分类和因子分析法 ,探讨了关中平原气候分类的数学模型 ,提出了影响关中平原气候的四个公因子 ,为简化气候因素的观察系统提供了依据     

气候类型的分析与判断

气候类型的分析与判断是高中地理教学的重点也是难点，更是高考必考的知识点。对于气候类型的分析与判断学生一直感觉到比较难，有时无从下手。因此在高考中容易丢分．而解答许多关于自然地理方面的问题，又必须知道该地气候类型和气候特征。然后才能去做题。     

赣南脐橙将实施气候品质认证

<正>据悉,赣州市气象部门已研究制订《赣南脐橙气候品质认证实施方案》,将于今年底完成赣南脐橙农产品气候品质认证并颁发认证报告,同时设计赣南脐橙气候品质认证标志。或许在明年,赣南脐橙将贴上气候品质认证"标签"。此举旨在增加农产品卖点,提升赣南脐橙国际品牌价值。赣南气候温暖,雨水充沛,无霜期长,昼夜温差大,赣南年平均气温为18.8℃,比美国加州高1.6℃至2.9℃,具有得天独厚的气候资源优势和地域优势。独厚的气候条件和土壤环境造就了赣南脐橙一流品质,可溶性固形     

在特殊环境和气候下摄影（上）

在风光摄影中，各类特殊环境和气候是经常要碰到的。在这些特殊环境和气候下，景物往往一反常貌，或变得不平凡，或变得更平淡。只有掌握各类环境和气候的特点以及拍摄的基本技巧，才能拍摄出更为动人出色的照片。     

巴彦浩特近40年浅层地温变化特征研究

利用1971-2010年阿拉善盟巴彦浩特地区0-20cm各层逐月平均地温,采用气候倾向率、累积距平、信噪比等气候统计方法,研究了近40年巴彦浩特浅层平均地温的变化趋势、气候突变和异常年份等。     

A Robustness Analysis of CMIP5 Models over the East Asia-Western North Pacific Domain

The Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) is an international community-based infrastructure that supports climate model intercomparison, climate variability, climate prediction, and climate projection. Improving the performance of climate models over East Asia and the western North Pacific has been a challenge for the climate-modeling community. In this paper, we provide a synthesis robustness analysis of the climate models participating in CMIP-Phase 5 (CMIP5). The strengths and weaknesses of the CMIP5 models are assessed from the perspective of climate mean state, interannual variability, past climate change during the mid-Pliocene (MP) and the last millennium, and climate projection. The added values of regional climate models relative to the driving global climate models are also assessed. Although an encouraging increase in credibility and an improvement in the simulation of mean states, interannual variability, and past climate changes are visible in the progression from CMIP3 to CMIP5, some previously noticed biases such as the ridge position of the western North Pacific subtropical high and the associated rainfall bias are still evident in CMIP5 models. Weaknesses are also evident in simulations of the interannual amplitude, such as El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-monsoon relationships. Coupled models generally show better results than standalone atmospheric models in simulating both mean states and interannual variability. Multi-model intercomparison indicates significant uncertainties in the future projection of climate change, although precipitation increases consistently across models constrained by the Clausius-Clapeyron relation. Regional ocean-atmosphere coupled models are recommended for the dynamical downscaling of climate change projections over the East Asia-western North Pacific domain.     

Thirty years of safety climate research: Reflections and future directions

Looking back over 30 years of my own and other safety-climate scholars’ research, my primary reflection is that we have achieved an enormous task of validating safety climate as a robust leading indicator or predictor of safety outcomes across industries and countries. The time has therefore come for moving to the next phase of scientific inquiry in which constructs are being augmented by testing its relationships with antecedents, moderators and mediators, as well as relationships with other established constructs. Whereas there has been some significant progress in this direction over the last 30 years (e.g. leadership as a climate antecedent), much more work is required for augmenting safety climate theory. I hope this article will stimulate further work along these lines.     

关于气候变化的哲学思考

从哲学的基本原理出发,引用地史及水文气象资料探讨了全球气候变化问题,指出全球气候一直在变化;气候变化的动力主要在天在地而不在人;当今的气候变化可能只是气候变化总过程中的一个波动阶段而非永远的趋势,且其变幅并未超出历史上气候变化的范畴。因此,不能断言全球气候变暖是由于人为排放CO2所致。所以对于不同时空条件下的气候变化应当具体矛盾具体分析具体解决,进而提出了中国应对气候变化的对策建议。     

Safety climate: New developments in conceptualization, theory, and research

Although the important role of safety climate in safety outcomes has been established and many studies have been done by scholars in different disciplines and across different cultures, there are still gaps in the literature. The articles in this Special Issue explore the topics of new developments in the conceptualization of safety climate and occupational/industry-focused studies of safety climate, with the goal of identifying different challenges and findings that arise within or across various occupations or industries. We are pleased to have a closing article by Dr. Dov Zohar on “Thirty Years of Safety Climate Research: Reflections and Future Directions.”     

Safety climate and self-reported injury: assessing the mediating role of employee safety control

To further reduce injuries in the workplace, companies have begun focusing on organizational factors which may contribute to workplace safety. Safety climate is an organizational factor commonly cited as a predictor of injury occurrence. Characterized by the shared perceptions of employees, safety climate can be viewed as a snapshot of the prevailing state of safety in the organization at a discrete point in time. However, few studies have elaborated plausible mechanisms through which safety climate likely influences injury occurrence. A mediating model is proposed to link safety climate (i.e., management commitment to safety, return-to-work policies, post-injury administration, and safety training) with self-reported injury through employees' perceived control on safety. Factorial evidence substantiated that management commitment to safety, return-to-work policies, post-injury administration, and safety training are important dimensions of safety climate. In addition, the data support that safety climate is a critical factor predicting the history of a self-reported occupational injury, and that employee safety control mediates the relationship between safety climate and occupational injury. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating organizational factors and workers' characteristics in efforts to improve organizational safety performance.     

Books

Abstract

Climate change mitigation and adaptation can be perceived as neglected in environmental impact assessment (EIA). In the light of amendments to the European Union EIA Directive (2014), we developed a novel criteria-based review package to assess climate change mitigation and adaptation as documented in environmental statements, and applied this to a sample of 10 transport developments from England. Justifications relating to climate policy, climate science, the effect of climate change on the development and its vulnerability to climate risks were well explained in most projects. Many projects lacked detail of climate change mitigation and adaptation measures and their benefits, whilst evidence of commitment to mitigation and adaptation or to post-decision monitoring was poor or non-existent; reportedly due to costs, time constraints and absence of mandatory requirements. It is recommended that to improve the effectiveness of the consideration of climate change mitigation and adaptation in EIA, the production of guidelines, change of behaviour of EIA practitioners, more holistic consideration of climate change issues, rigorous post-decision monitoring and use of climate change terminology are more widely adopted.     

Safety climate and safety behavior in the passenger ferry context

This research empirically evaluates safety climate and safety behavior in the passenger ferry context. Using survey data collected from 155 respondents working for passenger ferry companies in Taiwan, hierarchical regression analysis was used to examine the effects of safety climate on self-reported safety behaviors. Confirmatory factor analysis identified five main dimensions of safety climate as measured on a passenger ferry safety climate scale: safety policy, safety motivation, emergency preparedness, safety training, and safety communication. Further, safety training and emergency preparedness were found to positively affect self-reported safety behaviors with respect to safety compliance and safety participation. The study also revealed positive associations among respondents’ age, ferry capacity, and safety compliance. Implications of the study findings for increasing safety in ferry operations and their contribution to the development of safety management are discussed.     

Study of snow climate in the Japanese Alps: Comparison to snow climate in North America

In the case of the Japanese Alps, it is experientially known that there is a notable snow climate difference between the Japan Sea side mountains and the Pacific Ocean side mountains. For the purpose of improving avalanche safety, we studied the snow climate characteristics using meteorological and snow pit data collected from two study plots in the mountain regions. Ten years of meteorological data and 4–10 years of snow pit data were employed in the study. A snow climate classification scheme proposed in North America was used to determine the snow climate of these study plots. The general snowpack characteristics for each snow climate presented in previous studies were used in the present study to determine the snowpack characteristics of the study plots. Both meteorological and snow pit data suggested that the Japan Sea side mountains have the same characteristics as the maritime snow climate in North America. On the other hand, the Pacific Ocean side mountains have unique characteristics caused by a combination of continental and maritime climate influences. The Pacific Ocean side mountains have similar characteristics to the continental snow climate of North America, however, that climate is different in that it is characterized by a large amount of rainfall and a high predominance of faceted crystals and wet grains. We identified a new snow climate for the Pacific Ocean side mountains of the Japanese Alps, a “rainy continental snow climate.”     

Measurement equivalence and mean comparisons of a safety climate measure across construction trades

The use of safety climate measures for needs assessment and interventions has become increasingly popular. However, no research to date has examined whether the meaning and level of safety climate may differ across different groups of interest. This study used multi-group confirmatory factor analyses to investigate the measurement equivalence of a multidimensional safety climate measure across ten construction trade groups (N = 4725). In addition, observed mean differences in safety climate perceptions between trades were examined. Results revealed strong measurement equivalence of the safety climate measure across the construction trade groups. Further, significant mean differences were found between the ten trade groups on all four safety climate scales.