基于PSO-BP神经网络的股市预测模型

为解决股市短期预测中BP神经网络法对初始权值敏感、易陷入局部极小值和收敛速度慢等问题,基于全局随机优化思想的粒子群优化(PSO)算法,对BP神经网络的初始权值进行了优化,建立了PSO-BP神经网络股市预测模型.并通过实例分析与传统BP神经网络预测法进行对比,结果表明该方法收敛速度明显提高,有效降低了训练误差,避免了陷入局部极小值,达到了较高的预测精度,在股市短期预测中具一定的实用价值.     

改进的BP神经网络算法及其应用

研究提高神经网络算法的快速性和稳定性问题,针对BP算法收敛速度慢且易陷入局部极小值的缺点,分析了一般改进算法在神经网络结构优化过程中存在的问题,并根据遗传算法的特点,提出了一种改进的基于压缩映射遗传的BP神经网络优化方法.算法通过引入泛函分析中的压缩映射原理,不但解决了BP算法收敛速度慢且易陷入局部极小值的缺陷,加快了BP网络的收敛速度,而且还弥补了BP神经网络在学习过程中与网络连接权值初值选择密切相关的不足.与传统的BP算法相比,训练步数减少了17.4387%,训练时间节省了8.2774%.实验结果表明改进的方法取得了良好的效果,可应用于实践中.     

基于遗传模拟退火算法优化的BP神经网络

在研究标准BP神经网络的基础上,针对其存在的收敛速度慢、且容易陷入局部极小值等问题进行分析,设计实现一种采用数值优化的方法来改进BP网络性能的新的混合神经网络模型.通过引入遗传模拟退火算法扩大了网络的权值更新空间,把得到最优权值赋予BP神经网络,从而使优化后的神经网络具有泛化性好,不易陷入局部极小值等优点.与标准BP神...     

期货价格预测的仿真研究

研究期货价格准确预测问题,针对期货价格是一种复杂的非线性和突变性系统,传统神经网络在期货价格预测中易陷入局部极小值,预测精度受到影响.为了提高期货的预测精度,提出一种粒子群算法(PSO)优化 BP 神经网络模型的期货价格预测模型.利用 PSO 算法优异的寻优能力对 BP 神经网络参数进行优化,加快 BP 神经网络学习速度,最后将模型应用到期货价格预测研究中,从而提高 BP 期货价格的预测精度.仿真结果表明,经过 PSO 优化的 BP 神经网络模型有效地提高了速度和期货价格的预测精度,为设计提供了参考.     

PSO优化BP神经网络的混沌时间序列预测

针对于BP神经网络预测模型,收敛速度慢,精度较低,容易陷入局部极小值等缺点,提出了一种改进粒子群优化BP神经网络预测模型的算法。在该算法中,粒子群采用改进自适应惯性权重和改进自适应加速因子优化BP神经网络预测模型的初始权值和阈值,然后训练BP神经网络预测模型并预测。将该算法应用到几个典型的混沌时间序列预测。实验结果表明,该算法明显提高BP神经网络预测模型的收敛速度和预测模型的精度,减少陷入局部极小的可能。     

基于粒子群优化与BP算法的协同神经网络学习方法

针对标准BP算法易陷入局部极值及收敛速度慢等问题,提出一种基于粒子群优化与BP算法的协同神经网络学习方法。该方法在网络的学习过程中,同时利用PSO优化算法与BP算法进行最优网络权值的协同搜索,从而充分利用粒子群算法的全局搜索性及BP算法的反向传播特点。将该算法应用于4个复杂函数的拟合仿真,并与标准BP算法以及传统的粒子群优化BP神经网络算法进行比较。实验结果表明所提的协同算法的性能优于传统的BP网络优化算法。     

基于PCA和蜂群算法优化的BP神经网络

在研究BP神经网络的基础上,针对其收敛速度慢、容易陷入局部极小值等问题进行分析,设计实现一种新的混合神经网络模型。通过引入主成分分析的思想对样本进行降维,简化BP网络的结构,之后采用蜂群算法来优化BP网络的权值,把得到的最优权值赋予该神经网络,从而使优化后的神经网络具有结构简单、泛化性好和不易陷入局部极小值等优点。仿真实验结果表明,该网络模型能够达到比较高的分类精度。     

基于改进的粒子群算法优化反向传播神经网络的热舒适度预测模型

针对热舒适度预测是一个复杂的非线性过程,不便于空调的实时控制应用的问题,提出一种基于改进的粒子群优化(PSO)算法优化反向传播(BP)神经网络的热舒适度预测模型。这一预测模型通过采用PSO算法优化BP神经网络的初始权值和阈值,改善了传统BP算法收敛速度慢及对网络初始值敏感的问题。同时,针对标准PSO算法易出现早熟收敛、局部寻优能力弱等缺点,提出了相应改进策略,进一步提高了PSO优化BP神经网络的能力。实验结果表明：与传统BP模型和标准PSO-BP模型相比,基于改进的PSO-BP算法的热舒适度预测模型具有更高的预测精度和更快的收敛速度。     

基于改进的粒子群算法优化反向传播神经网络的热舒适度预测模型

针对热舒适度预测是一个复杂的非线性过程,不便于空调的实时控制应用的问题,提出一种基于改进的粒子群优化(PSO)算法优化反向传播(BP)神经网络的热舒适度预测模型。这一预测模型通过采用PSO算法优化BP神经网络的初始权值和阈值,改善了传统BP算法收敛速度慢及对网络初始值敏感的问题。同时,针对标准PSO算法易出现早熟收敛、局部寻优能力弱等缺点,提出了相应改进策略,进一步提高了PSO优化BP神经网络的能力。实验结果表明:与传统BP模型和标准PSO-BP模型相比,基于改进的PSO-BP算法的热舒适度预测模型具有更高的预测精度和更快的收敛速度。     

粒子群优化RBF神经网络的短时交通流量预测

根据交通流量数据具有非周期性、非线性和随机性等特点,为了更准确地对交通流量进行预测,实现交通智能控制和规划是主要问题.交通流量预测中存在容易陷入局部极小值、收敛速度慢,泛化能力差等问题,影响了交通流量预测的实用性和准确性.提出基于粒子群(PSO)优化RBF神经网络的交通流量预测方法.利用PSO算法操作简单、容易实现等特点及其深刻的智能背景,对RBF神经网络的参数(中心和宽度)、连接权重进行优化,并用经PSO算法优化的RBF神经网络对短时交通流量进行仿真预测,仿真结果表明,PSO算法优化的RBF神经网络具有较高的预测精度,比RBF预测模型精度高、收敛快.PSO算法优化的RBF神经网络,适用于短时交通流量预测,预测精度较高,具有推广应用价值.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.