基于反转的限制对比度自适应直方图均衡图像去雾改进算法

为了解决HE算法经直方图均衡处理后可能出现的噪声放大,CLAHE算法效率降低而且极其耗时这一问题,提出一种基于反转的限制对比度自适应直方图均衡图像去雾改进算法。雾天图像具有整体偏白色的这一特征,其反转后与低照度图像的特征相类似,对反转后的图像进行改进后的限制对比度自适应直方图均衡亮度增强,再进行反转得到无雾图像。该改进算法不仅解决了噪声放大问题且快速有效。     

雾天环境下自适应图像增强去雾方法研究

由于雾天环境下大气散射现象,拍摄出来的景物能见度和对比度会大幅降低.为了解决问题,提出了一种针对雾天环境的自适应图像增强去雾方法,部分重叠直方图均衡化方法(POSHE).方法将邻域内的子块变换函数通过加权求和计算得到当前子块的变换函数,以消除子块直方图均衡化变换之间的差异,对于图像场景深度信息多变且未知的雾天图像能够突出图像的局部细节信息,达到良好的去雾效果,并能够满足实时视频图像处理的要求.     

一种基于小波融合的雾天视频监控图像增强算法

针对雾天视频监控系统采集的图像对比度降低、图像模糊的问题,提出一种小波融合算法。该算法在已有的图像增强方法的基础上,应用小波变换、直方图均衡化和非线性增强算子来综合处理雾天降质图像。实验结果表明,该算法对比于传统的方法不但可以明显的提高图像对比度,而且增强图像的边缘细节和纹理特性,取得较好的效果。     

基于暗原色和直方图匹配的雾天图像增强算法

针对雾天图像景物容易退化的问题,提出一种基于暗原色和插值直方图匹配的雾天图像自适应增强算法。该算法基于暗原色先验信息寻找并分割出图像中的天空区域,利用插值直方图匹配方法对非天空区域进行自适应增强处理,采用主成分分析方法将处理前后的图像信息进行融合。实验结果表明,该算法不仅能避免天空噪声对图像的干扰,而且能有效提高图像对比度,获得满意的图像视觉效果。     

基于CLAHE与同态滤波的细胞图像增强新方法

针对角膜内皮细胞图像由于非均匀光照造成的明暗不均问题,提出一种基于限制对比度自适应直方图均衡化(Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization,CLAHE)与同态滤波进行组合的角膜内皮细胞图像增强新方法。CLAHE方法提高了图像的局部对比度,不损伤图像细节,同时避免图像噪声随图像对比度增大而放大。同态滤波方法增强图像暗部细节,提升图像的分辨率。实验结果表明本文方法对角膜内皮细胞图像的分辨率和对比度增强有显著的效果。     

一种雾天图像低对比度增强的快速算法

为解决雾天图像低对比度问题，提出一种插值自适应直方图均衡化算法。该算法不仅避开了物理模型方法对景物信息的依赖，而且与其他图像处理算法相比能大幅度降低运算复杂度、消除块状效应、有效地突出图像细节信息，因此特别适合于深度信息多变且对比度较低的雾天图像。算法的有效性为实验结果所证实。     

一种高效的水下图像增强算法——CLAHE的优化

因水下环境复杂,光线透过水体会发生严重的衰减和散射,导致水下图像往往呈现出图像对比度差、饱和度差、图像偏暗等情况。笔者提出一种易实现且高效的水下图像增强方法。该方法先分割出图像的RGB三通道,在每个通道上利用直方图均衡(HE)法对图像整体进行增强,后采用对比度限制自适应直方图均衡法(CLAHE),修改其中的NumTiles、clipLimit、Distribution、Alpha等参数对图像的细节部分进行进一步增强,最后将3个通道的图像进行合成得到增强后的图像。结果表明,该方法能够有效处理各种水下图像的图像偏暗、对比度差等情况,对图像色彩的提升也有较好的效果。     

实时图像增强算法改进及FPGA实现

针对复杂背景的多目标图像,提出了一种基于直方图的实时自适应图像增强方法.该方法根据自适应直方图窗口选择高低阈值,通过灰度线性变换及灰度级等间距密度均衡进行图像增强.利用该算法增强图像视频时,采用FPGA,通过并行处理结构及流水线技术,可实时处理每秒50帧780×582×12bits的可见光图像.在处理视频的过程中,由前一帧图像的直方图信息,来增强后一帧图像.理论分析和实验结果均表明,该算法克服了直方图均衡及平台直方图均衡增强图像引起的灰度断层现象,有效地增强了图像的对比度,提高了图像质量.     

基于MSR的雾天图像清晰化算法研究

研究雾天图像清晰化的问题,需提高图像增强的均匀性。针对雾天情况下,由于雾气的遮挡使得拍摄图像对比度降低,图像局部细节处不清晰,传统的直方图均衡化的雾天图像清晰化方法虽然能够增强图像对比度,但是图像局部细节增强不足,造成图像增强均匀性不高的问题。提出一种MSR的雾天图像清晰化算法,通过Sigmoid函数对图像作映射,拉伸图像的对比度,然后利用MSR算法,将图像小波分解为高频分量和低频分量,对高频分量取绝对值最大运算,低频分量加权平均,并避免了对图像进行全局直方图均衡化造成的图像增强不均匀,局部细节增强不足的问题。实验证明,提出的算法能够将雾天图像均匀增强,得到高清晰的图像,取得了满意的效果。     

气象计量自动化温度检定系统中的图像预处理研究

针对气象计量自动化温度检定系统中图像噪声大、对比度不够等问题,在采用图像 预处理技术的基础上,提出一种同态滤波的对比度受限自适应图像预处理方法。尝试中值滤波对 红外图像进行去噪,保证噪声不被增强的前提下,利用同态滤波的原理,对图像细节进行增强。 但同态滤波依然存在图像特征点与非特征点在图像质量不高的情况下容易混淆的问题,对此采用 限制对比度自适应直方图均衡的方法进一步调整图像的动态范围。通过仿真实验对此方法进行验 证,验证了所提出方法的有效性。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。