蒋家沟流域古泥石流物质选频释光特征研究

采用BG2003释光仪研究云南蒋家沟流域泥得坪台地、多照台地、大凹子沟、蒋家沟4个地点的8个古泥石流物质样品的选频释光特征,确定了发射光子的特征发射频率.在蓝光(488 nm)激发下,各样品的发射光子分别出现在波长为300、310、320、400、460 nm处.用绿光(532 nm)激发上述相同样品,发现其在波长为300、310、320、460 nm时的计数最为明显.进而确定出泥得坪堆积台地在不同时期泥石流物质释光谱图大体一致,但大凹子沟与多照古泥石流堆积台地不同时期的泥石流物质释光谱图表现出差异.以泥得坪堆积台地为例,该台地的上部、中上部、下部泥石流物质样品在绿光激发下,在波长为310、320、460 nm处,随辐照剂量的加大,样品的释光光子数递增.由这一规律可确定泥得坪堆积台地泥石流物质用于年龄测定的波长.     

沙漠砂的选频释光特征

采用BG2003释光仪研究新疆的克拉玛依、沙湾黄梁、阜康西和鄯善，甘肃的雅丹、月牙泉，河北的天漠8个沙漠砂样品的选频释光特征，确定了发射光子的特征发射频率。在红光（632.8nm）激发下，释光光子波长为480和320nm时最为突显；热释光峰（350～400℃）释放出最多光子的波长分别为460和350nm。沙湾黄梁、鄯善、天漠冲积扇在波长为500nm和鄯善在波长310nm时表现出在一定剂量范围内释光光子数随辐照剂量增大的趋势，所以，此波长可分别用于测年。     

蒋家沟流域现代泥石流物质选频光释光特征初步研究

采用BG2003释光仪研究了云南蒋家沟流域的大凹子沟、蒋家沟、泥得坪沟及其多照沟4个泥石流沟底泥石流物质的选频释光特征,确定了发射光子的特征发射频率.在蓝光(480 nm)激发下,在波长为300nm、310nm、320 mn、400 nm和460nm下,大凹子沟与蒋家沟泥石流物质吸收的光子数都极为接近.用绿光(532nm)激发上述相同的样品,发现大凹子沟与多照沟底的泥石流物质吸收的光子数在波长为310nm、320 nm时也十分相近;进而在相同实验条件下,用绿光激发东北地区沙漠砂样品,得出沙漠砂物质的吸收光子数远大于泥石流物质的吸收光子数.     

安徽绩溪萤石矿的选频热释光特性研究

利用BG-2003选频释光仪研究绩溪萤石的选频热释光特征。研究结果表明：绩溪萤石的热释光光子波长为280、300、310、320和460nm，每个发光波段上都存在90、205、330和450℃的热释光峰。这一实验结果证明，萤石不宜用来测年，利用热释光技术测年时应尽量将其除去。      

Xe23+离子辐照Al2O3的光谱特性

本工作研究460 keV、3 MeV和308 MeV Xe23 辐照Al2O3单晶样品的光致发光特性.从经过460 keV Xe23 辐照后样品的光致发光测试结果可看到,波长为380、413和450 nm的发光峰明显增强,在390和564 nm处出现了新的发光峰.从3 MeV的Xe23 辐照后样品谱的变化可看到,在较低剂量条件下,516 nm(2.4 eV)和564 nm(2.2 eV)处的发光峰随辐照剂量增加而增强,且当剂量增到1×1016 cm-2时,564 nm处的发光峰消失,只有516 nm(2.4 eV)处的发光峰较强.从308 MeV Xe23 辐照后样品的光致发光谱中可看到,357 nm(3.47 eV)和516 nm(2.4 eV)处的发光峰随着剂量增加明显增强.辐照后样品的FTIR谱显示:波数在460～510 cm-1和630 cm-1附近的吸收是Al2O3振动模式,经离子辐照后,吸收带展宽;1 000～1 300 cm-1间为Al-O-Al桥氧键的伸缩振动模式,高能辐照后的吸收带向低波数方向移动.     

能隙中的电子运动

利用结晶固体的释光技术在BG2003释光谱仪上获得了MgSO₄、CaF₂、CaSO₄、LiF以及石英和LiF(Mg，P，Cu)剂量片热释光的释光光子能量。为固体能带理论的研究提供了具体数据。     

库布齐沙漠的选频释光特性

不同的晶体具有各自独特的释光特性,与晶体的晶型、形成条件、储存条件等密切相关.通过测定库布齐沙漠砂样品的选频释光特性,先统计各个样品不同波长出现的温度峰,经分析最终确定5个温度峰分别为135℃、220℃、290℃、350℃和430℃.根据不同温度峰各个波长的光子计数随剂量增长的相关性分析,对通过相关性分析检验的样品个数进行统计,发现135℃温度峰的特征波长为310、400和480 nm.     

释光测年中的激发方式

对一个多矿物样品在BG2003释光谱仪上获得了包括红光、绿光和热释光的选频释光特征图谱,并求得样品不同激发方式下的等效剂量值和饱和剂量值,明确了不同激发方式下样品的不同波长可适用于年龄测定。同时与在热释光仪RGD-3B上求得的等效剂量值和饱和剂量进行了对比,两个饱和剂量值有很好的一致性(均为400Gy)。     

对-叔丁基杯[4]芳烃酮的激光光解研究

为了探讨杯芳烃及其衍生物作为聚合物稳定剂的稳定机理，用激光光解技术研究了308nm激发光条件下，对-叔丁基杯[4]芳烃酮的环已烷溶液在室温下的激光光解行为。观察到300nm、340nm、460nm和540nm4个主要吸收峰，其中，300nm和460nm分别确定为酚氧自由基和阳离子自由基的吸收峰。研究发现，酚氧自由基的生成是单光子电离过程和双光子电离过程共同作用的结果。同时讨论了对-叔丁基杯[4]芳烃酮的阳离子自由基在460nm的吸收峰随溶剂和pH值变化的趋势。结果表明，对-叔丁基杯[4]芳烃酮受到激发后形成相对稳定的酚氧自由基是其作为聚合物稳定剂的原因之一。     

用于高分辨率Si-PIN探测器的低噪声电荷灵敏前置放大器的设计

介绍了一种用于高分辨率Si-PIN探测器的低噪声晶体管反馈电荷灵敏前置放大器的设计。在场效应管制冷到-20℃,成形时间为6μs条件下,前放的零电容电子学噪声(对Si探测器)为150 eV。与平面工艺技术制备的厚度500μm,灵敏面积5 mm2的Si-PIN探测器配用,采用小型温差电制器制冷至-20℃,对5.9 keV X射线的能量分辨率(FWHM)最好可以达到195 eV。     

Preparation of Zn/TiO2 powder and its photocatalytic performance for oxidation of P-nitrophenol

Zn-doped TiO2 catalysts were prepared using a sol-gel method and characterized by XPS,UV-Vis, BET, XRD in this study. Under the irradiation of simulant sunlight, the photocatalytic activity for the degradation of p-nitrophenol was studied too. After irradiation for 2.5 h, the degradation percentage of p-nitrophenol could rise to more than 80 %. The results showed that the spectrum absorption band edge of Zn/TiO2 powder does not broaden obviously comparing with pure TiO2 powder. Zinc exists as Zn （11）. When calcined at 973 K, there is a new phase as ZnTiO3 in Zn/TiO2 catalyst. The order of photocatalytic activity of Zn/TiO2 catalysts calcined at different temperatures for p-nitrophenol is 773 K 〉 673 K 〉 873 K 〉 573 K 〉 973 K and the photocatalytic activity of Zn/TiO2 catalyst calcined at 773 K is better than TiO2 catalysts heated at the same temperature, and outclasses that of commercial TiO2 catalyst. It also showed that the photocatalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol follows first-order kinetics under the irradiation of simulant sunlight.     

Current status of radiation therapy for prostate cancer

Radiotherapy for the treatment of prostate cancer has been extensively explored in the past. Along with the comprehensive understanding of the biology of prostate cancer and rapid advances in terms of technology, the out- come of treatment for the patients with prostate cancer has improved. The authors review radiotherapy as the primary treatment for the disease, with particular emphasis on the technological advances from both the radiobiological and radiophysics aspects. Nonconventional fractionated irradiation like hyper- or hypo-fractionation has been imple- mented in the clinic, the final results still need to be confirmed in the future. Technological advances like IMRT, IGRT, in the last two decades have significantly improved the delivery of external radiotherapy to the prostate. This has re- sulted in an overall increase in the total dose that can be safely delivered to the prostate, which has led to modest im- provements in the biochemical outcome. However, establishing the standard therapy for prostate cancer remains con- troversial. It is hoped that the next decades will bring continued advances in the development of biologicals that will further improve current clinical outcomes.     

The control system for SSRF injection and extraction

This paper introduces the injection and extraction control system design for SSRF,which is a distributed control system aimed at stability and reliability of the pulse power supplies,PPS(Personnel Protection System)and MPS(Machine Protection System).The hardware environment is mainly based on PLC(Programmable Logic Con- troller),and ARM(Advanced RISC Machine)is also applied for studying stability of the power supplies.WinCC and EPICS(Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System)have been selected as the platforms of SCADA(Super- visory Control and Data Acquisition).For unifying the interfacing to the control computer,all front-end equipments are connected via Industrial Ethemet.     

水平管内含空气蒸汽强制对流冷凝换热模型研究

为研究含空气蒸汽在水平管内强制对流冷凝换热特性,基于对传热传质过程的分析,建立了管内为环状流与波状流条件下的流动冷凝换热模型。从潜热、显热和液膜3个环节对整个换热过程进行建模,最终得到计算局部冷凝换热系数的理论关系式。模型预测结果与实验数据的对比表明,二者相对偏差在±20%以内,验证了该换热模型的准确性与适用性。通过进一步的研究发现：从换热管入口至出口,随着冷凝的进行,管内换热主要热阻由液膜热阻向气液界面的凝结热阻转变;主流气体对流换热过程基本可忽略。     

Investigations on landmine detection by BF3 detector

Experiments were carried out to investigate the possible use of neutron backscattering for the detection of polyethylene (PE) sample buried in the soil. In detection of landmine by neutrons, the neutron detector and its shield play an important role. In this paper, the effects of graphite, heavy water, polyethylene and boric acid moderators on the flux of back scattered neutrons were investigated. We have also experimentally verified the effect of BF3 detector shield and obtained good agreement with theory.     

Web Services interface of SSRF archive data analysis system

Accelerator database stores various static parameters and real-time data of accelerator. SSRF (Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility) adopts relational database to save the data. We developed a data retrieval system based on XML Web Services for accessing the archive data. It includes a bottom layer interface and an interface applicable for accelerator physics. Client samples exemplifying how to consume the interface are given. The users can browse, retrieve and plot data by the client samples. Also, we give a method to test its stability. The test result and performance are described.     

有效探测面积大于1000 cm2的正比计数器测量系统性能测试

为对自制的活性面积高达1 000 cm²的大面积源进行表面发射率定值,同时作为现有2πα、2πβ表面发射率标准装置能力的扩充,研制了一套内置式大面积2π多丝正比计数器测量系统,并利用活性区直径为8 mm的²⁴¹Am点源及活性区面积为10 cm×15 cm的大面积²⁴¹Am和⁹⁰Sr-⁹⁰Y源对其进行计量学性能测试。结果表明：计数器内计数响应均匀性优于±0.4%,有效探测面积达1 400 cm²;所得²⁴¹Am源高压坪曲线的坪长为1 400 V,坪斜为0.27%/100 V,坪区内计数变化为0.87%;⁹⁰Sr-⁹⁰Y源高压坪曲线的坪长为300 V,坪斜为0.75%/100 V,坪区内计数变化为0.80%;10次测量重复性好于0.4%,8 h内短期稳定性好于0.3%,1 a内长期稳定性好于0.8%。     

Assessment of radioactivity levels in some oil samples from the western desert, Egypt

Distributions of natural gamma-emitting radionuclides were determined in 93 oil samples collected from some petroleum fields in the western desert of Egypt. The radioisotope activities in the area under investigation lay in the range of (21 ± 4) to (38 ± 13) Bq?L-1 for 226Ra, (9 ± 2) to (15 ± 5) Bq?L-1 for 232Th, and (154 ± 28) to (303 ± 54) Bq?L-1 for 40K. The mean values were 27, 12, and 201 Bq?L-1, respectively. Among oils, variations in radionuclide ac- tivities could be on account of differences in TDS, HCO3, and Ba, with high or low pH. In this environment, oil prop- erties differently affected the mobilization of natural radionuclides. The range of 226Ra variation had been compared with available data from other countries. The calculated absorbed dose rate ranged from 22.33 to 32.66 nGy?h-1 in lo- cation (B) and (E) respectively, which was less than the accepted value.     

Preparation and properties of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP in in-vitro and in small animals

In this work,TTHMP was synthesized and labelled with 117m Sn.The preparation conditions,stability and lipophilicity of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP were investigated.Biodistribution of the complex in rabbits and mice was studied.It was found that the quantity of TTHMP and pH value of the prepararion solution had vital effects on the labeling yield of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP.It was also found that 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP was hydrophilic and stable at room temperature and 37℃ in open air 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP showed unexpectedly high bone uptake and bone-to-blood ratio in the animals.This made it potentially useful as an reagent for skeletal scintigraphy and radiotherapy of bone tumors.     

The role of AGFA high-energy CR in the calibration and quality control of multileaf collimators （MLC）

Linear accelerators equipped with multileaf collimators （MLC） are becoming more common and are widely used in the intensity-modulated radiotherapy （IMRT）. There is an imperative need to ensure the commissioning specification of the linear accelerators for the sake of quality assurance （QA） and quality control （QC）. This paper is aimed to investigate the role of AGFA high-energy CR （Computed Radiography） in calibrating dynamic multileaf collimators and evaluating the accuracy of the leaf position. The result shows that AGFA high-energy CR can easily and conveniently be used to calibrate MLC and verify its position. Hence, the application of AGFA high-energy CR is proved to be an accurate and time-saving method for routine MLC QC, especially when MLC calibration adjustments are required.