增韧尼龙1010多相复合体系的热行为特征研究

借助DSC、动态粘弹谱等技术研究了使用聚乙烯(PE)或接枝聚乙烯(GPE)增韧尼龙—1010多相复合体系的组成比例、接枝量对两相相容性、界面行为、热行为的影响。结果表明:尼龙—1010与PE相容性极差、界面无粘结,两相互不影响其热行为,尼龙—1010与GPE在机械熔融共混过程中反应形成了起着界面活性剂作用的PE-g-PMAA-g-尼龙-1010,它促进了两相的相容性,加强了界面效应,影响了尼龙-1010的熔融、结晶及其晶体完整性,使尼龙-1010的△H_f、△H_c值下降,并随GPE增加而加剧,在尼龙-1010为分散相时尤为突出,不仅△H_f值下降,而且当尼龙-1010小于40%时,其低温峰逐渐消失,高温峰峰温下降,Tg内移。     

HDPE-g-GMA对PA6/UHMWPE共混物性能的影响

采用自制甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯接枝高密度聚乙烯(HDPE-g-GMA)作为增容剂来增容尼龙6/超高分子量聚乙烯(PA6/UHMWPE)共混物。通过Molau试验、红外光谱分析、扫描电子显微镜观察和物理力学性能测试,研究了HDPE-g-GMA在熔融共混过程中对PA6/UHMWPE共混物的增容作用。结果表明,HDPE-g-GMA与PA6发生化学反应所生成的接枝聚合物对PA6/UHMWPE共混物有较好的增容作用;PA6/UHMWPE共混物的界面形态和力学性能均有较大改善．吸水率也有所降低。     

聚乙烯-尼龙共混材料的相容性及性能研究

考察了不同种类和含量的相容剂对聚乙烯(PE)/尼龙(PA)两相共混物的熔融结晶行为、两相形貌和力学性能的影响。结果表明：PE接枝马来酸酐(PE-g-MAH)和POE接枝马来酸酐(POE-g-MAH)都使得PE和PA的结晶峰相互靠近,并且随着含量增加,两者的熔融峰呈现融合的趋势。两种接枝物都能使得共混物中PA6团聚颗粒的尺寸减小,孔洞减少,相界面模糊。PE接枝马来酸酐和POE接枝马来酸酐都能提高共混材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度。     

MAH对LDPE-g-MAH/PA6性能的影响

采用熔融接枝共混法制备了马来酸酐接枝低密度聚乙烯（LDPE-g-MAH）及马来酸酐接枝低密度聚乙烯／尼龙6共混物（LDPE—g-MAH／PA6）,研究了共混物的流变性能、力学性能和吸水性等。结果表明,共混物有较好的相容性,力学性能、耐热性等均较低密度聚乙烯有所改善。当LDPE-g-MAH中MAH用量为1份,共混物中PA6用量为40份时,共混物的力学性能最好。     

聚丙烯的官能化及与尼龙1010相容性研究

对聚丙烯(PP)进行官能化,并研究了接枝单体含量、引发剂含量对接枝率和熔体流动速率的影响,再将不同接枝率的PP与尼龙1010共混,研究了接枝率对共混物机械性能及相容性的影响;用扫描电子显微镜观察共混物的形态,与未增容共混体系相比,增容后共混体系分散相尺寸明显变小。     

PBT/HDPE和PBT/HDPE-g-MAH共混体系形态和性能研究

通过熔融共混制备了聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯／马来酸酐接枝高密度聚乙烯(PBT／HDPE-g-MAH)和PBT／HDPE共混物,研究了共混体系的力学性能、相形态、熔融结晶行为和加工性能。结果表明,单纯加入HDPE对PBT的增韧效果并不理想,而加入HDPE-g-MAH可以提高PBT的冲击强度;HDPE-g-MAH可以改善共混体系的相形态,提高共混体系的相容性,有利于共混物性能的提高。     

制备方式对PA6/PA6-66-1010共混物结构与性能的影响

采用原位共混和熔融共混分别制备了尼龙(PA)6/PA6-66-1010共混物。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、差示扫描量热仪、动态热机械分析、力学性能测试和扫描电子显微镜对共混物的内部氢键作用、结晶熔融行为、玻璃化转变温度、力学性能及拉伸断裂形貌进行了表征。结果表明,原位共混物的分子链段的运动性和柔性好于熔融共混物,结晶温度、熔融温度、结晶度均低于熔融共混物,强度和韧性均优于熔融共混物。     

PPES/MC尼龙6中相互作用对MC尼龙6的结晶及熔融行为影响

采用原位共混与溶液共沉淀两种不同的方法制得了PPES/MC尼龙6共混物。通过对共混物的DSC非等温结晶与熔融行为表征,推出共混物之间的相互作用。结果表明两种共混物中PPES对MC尼龙6的结晶都起阻碍作用,溶液共混物中熔融峰温(Tm)相对于MC尼龙6变化不大,而其在原位共混物中的影响很大,使得MC尼龙6的熔融峰温(Tm)向高温移动。更值得注意的是,原位共混物中MC尼龙6的结晶与熔融峰温相对于溶液共沉淀样品中偏移纯MC尼龙6的峰温更明显,说明原位共混物中PPES与MC尼龙6之间的相互作用大于溶液共沉淀共混物中的PPES与MC尼龙6的相互作用。在溶液共沉淀中MC尼龙6的结晶和熔融峰温均比在原位共混物中的高。     

聚碳酸酯/尼龙1010耐溶剂合金体系的性能研究

对聚碳酸酯(PC)以及聚碳酸酯/尼龙1010(PC/PA1010)共混物用二甲苯进行浸泡,对其浸泡前后的物理机械性能以及样晶宏观表面情况进行观察比较和分析;并探讨了苯乙烯马来酸酐无规共聚物(SMA)、聚乙烯接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(PE-g-GMA)两种相容剂对PC/PA1010共混体系物理机械性能、耐溶剂性能、结晶性能以及动态流变性能等方面的影响.结果发现:尼龙1010的加入改善了PC的加工流动性和耐化学溶剂性,相容剂PE-g-MAH有效地改善了PC与PA1010之间的相容性,使得体系在浸泡溶剂前后均能保持较佳的物理机械性能.     

PA11/PA1010共混物的性能研究

采用熔体共混的方法制备了聚酰胺11/聚酰胺1010(PA11/PA1010)共混物,通过力学性能和差示扫描量热(DSC)测试,研究了PA11/PA1010共混物的力学与结晶性能。测试结果表明:PA1010对PA11同时具有增韧、增强作用;当PA11/PA1010为70/30时,共混物开始出现两个结晶峰和低温熔融峰;共混物的结晶和熔融以PA11为主,兼具有PA11和PA1010的优良性能;断裂伸长率、拉伸强度与缺口冲击强度均达到极大值。     

The Effect of Compatibilizer on Morphology and Mechanical Properties of PA6/UHMWPE Blends

Abstract

This work deal with the effect of compatibilizer on the morphological and mechanic properties of polyamide 6 and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (PA6/UHMWPE) blends. The blends were prepared by means of a twin-screw extruder. The compatibilizer was produced by grafting maleic anhydride (MAH) onto high density polyethylene (HDPE). The resulting HDPE-g-MAH was used to prepare ternary blends of PA6/HDPE-g-MAH/UHMWPE by melt mixing. The size of domain of UHMWPE in PA6/HDPE-g-MAH/UHMWPE blends is much smaller than that in PA6/UHMWPE blends. It was found that mechanical properties of PA6/HDPE-g-MAH/UHMWPE blends obviously surpassed that of PA6/UHMWPE blends. These behavior could be attributed to chemical reactions between MAH in HDPE-g-MAH and terminal amino groups of PA6. Thermal analysis were performed to confirm the possible chemical reactions taken place during the blending process.     

相容剂和加工工艺对PA1010/PP共混体系形态和力学性能的影响

以马来酸酐（MAH）和苯乙烯（St）多单体熔融接枝聚丙烯[PP-g-(MAH-co-St）]为相容剂,制备了聚酰胺10101/聚丙烯（PA1010/PP）共混体系。用毛细管流变仪、扫描电子显微镜、力学性能测试等方法研究了和加工工艺相容剂对PA1010/PP共混体系的形态和力学性能的影响。结果表明,相容剂PP-g-(MAH-co-St)有效降低了PA1010/PP共混体系的熔体流动速率;该共混体系熔体属于假塑性流体,熔体黏度随PP-g-(MAH-co-St)含量的增加逐渐增大;随着相容剂含量的增加,PA1010/PP共混体系中分散相PP的粒径逐步减小,力学性能得到改善,PA1010/PP/PP-g-(MAH-co-St)为70/25/5和70/20/10的共混体系的拉伸强度分别比PA1010/PP (70/30)共混体系提高了55.0 %和61.9 %,冲击强度分别提高了61.0 %和129.7 %;剪切速率为706.5 s-1时出现熔体破裂现象,剪切速率为5002.65 s-1时出现严重熔体破裂。     

HDPE-g-MAH制备及其对PA6/UHMWPE改性

介绍了采用溶液法制备马来酸酣接枝高密度聚乙烯(HDPE-g-MAH)接枝物，研究了引发剂和单体的用量与接枝率的关系，由Molau试验证实，HDPE-g-MAH对PA6／UHMWPE共混体系有较好的增容作用。当接枝率在0.5％～1.5％时，对共混体系的吸水性能有明显的改进。     

HDPE-g-MAH对PA6/UHMWPE共混合金力学性能及结晶行为的影响

采用HDPE-g-MAH作为相容剂来增容PA6/UHMWPE共混合金。结果表明:在熔融共混过程中HDPE-g-MAH和PA6发生化学反应,生成的接枝聚合物对PA6/UHMWPE产生增容作用。加入HDPE-g-MAH共混体系的界面形态和力学性能均有较大的改善,吸水率也有所下降。通过Mo-lau实验I、R、SEM观察来研究其在熔融共混过程对PA6/UHMWPE的反应增容作用。采用DSC实验对PA6/UHMWPE共混合金进行了结晶性能测试,随着HDPE-g-MAH用量的增加,UHMWPE结晶度增加,而PA6的结晶度降低。     

Blends of polyamide1010 with unmodified and maleic‐anhydride‐grafted high‐impact polystyrene

The crystallization behaviors, dynamic mechanical properties, tensile, and morphology features of polyamide1010 (PA1010) blends with the high‐impact polystyrene (HIPS) were examined at a wide composition range. Both unmodified and maleic‐anhydride‐(MA)‐grafted HIPS (HIPS‐g‐MA) were used. It was found that the domain size of HIPS‐g‐MA was much smaller than that of HIPS at the same compositions in the blends. The mechanical performances of PA1010–HIPS‐g‐MA blends were enhanced much more than that of PA1010–HIPS blends. The crystallization temperature of PA1010 shifted towards higher temperature as HIPS‐g‐MA increased from 20 to 50% in the blends. For the blends with a dispersed PA phase (≤35 wt %), the T_c of PA1010 shifted towards lower temperature, from 178 to 83°C. An additional transition was detected at a temperature located between the T_g's of PA1010 and PS. It was associated with the interphase relaxation peak. Its intensity increased with increasing content of PA1010, and the maximum occurred at the composition of PA1010–HIPS‐g‐MA 80/20. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 74: 857–865, 1999     

MORPHOLOGY,CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIORS,AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF PA1010/HIPS AND PA1010/HIPS-g-MA BLENDS

The binary blends of polyamide 1010 (PA1010) with the high-impact polystyrene (HIPS)/maleic anhydride (MA) graft copolymer (HIPS-g-MA) and with HIPS were prepared using a wide composition range. Different blend morphologies were observed by scanning electron microscopy according to the nature and content of PA1010 used. Compared with the PA1010/HIPS binary blends, the domain sizes of dispersed-phase particles in PA1010/HIPS-g-MA blends were much smaller than that in PA1010/HIPS blends at the same compositions. It was found that the tensile properties of PA1010/HIPS-g-MA blends were obviously better than that of PA1010/HIPS blends. Wide-angle x-ray diffraction analyses were performed to confirm that the number of hydrogen bonds in the PA1010 phase decreased in the blends of PA1010/HIPS-g-MA. These behaviors could be attributed to the chemical interactions between the two components and good dispersion in PA1010/HIPS-g-MA blends.     

耐溶剂聚碳酸酯/聚酰胺1010共混物的制备及其性能探讨

用碳链较长、韧性较好的聚酰胺（PA）1010对聚碳酸酯（PC）进行改性。对PC/PA1010合金体系的力学性能、耐热性能、耐溶剂性能以及动态流变性能等进行了研究,并探讨了PA1010及相容剂聚乙烯接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯（PE-g-GMA）对PC/PA1010合金的性能影响。结果发现,PA1010能够较好地保持合金的冲击强度,同时明显改善了PC的耐溶剂性能;PE-g-GMA对PC/PA1010有很好的反应增容作用;当PC/PA1010/PE-g-GMA的配比为80/15/5（质量比,下同）时,合金获得最佳综合性能。     

Morphology,thermal behavior,and mechanical properties of PA1010/PP and PA 1010/PP-g-GMA blends

The modification of polypropylene (PP) was accomplished by melt grafting glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) on its molecular chains. The resulting PP-g-GMA was used to prepare binary blends of polyamide 1010 (PA1010) and PP-g-GMA. Different blend morphologies were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) according to the nature and content of PA1010 used. Comparing the PA1010/PP-g-GMA and PA1010/PP binary blends, the size of the domains of PP-g-GMA were much smaller than that of PP at the same compositions. It was found that mechanical properties of PA1010/PP-g-GMA blends were obviously better than that of PA1010/PP blends, and the mechanical properties were significantly influenced by wetting conditions for uncompatibilized and compatibilized blends. A different dependence of the flexural modulus on water was found for PA1010/PP and PA1010/PP-g-GMA. These behaviors could be attributed to the chemical interactions between the two components and good dispersion in PA1010/PP-g-GMA blends. Thermal and rheological analyses were performed to confirm the possible chemical reactions taking place during the blending process. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 64: 1489–1498, 1997