无规聚丙烯填充母料及其共混体的形态和结构

引言无规聚丙烯填充母料的广泛应用除决定于它的经济效益外,还依赖于它良好的加工性质和制品性质。这些优良性质又由无规聚丙烯填充母料的形态和结构所决定。因此,深入研究聚丙烯填充母料及其制品的形态和结构是必要的,是母料应用的主要基础之     

挤出级纳米TiO2/HIPS母料的流变性能研究

研究了纳米TiO2含量、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)对挤出级纳米TiO2/高抗冲聚苯乙烯(HIPS)母料的流变性能影响,以原子力显微镜表征了试样的表面质量及母料分散性。结果表明,纳米Ti02/HIPS母料的表观粘度受纳米TiO2含量影响较小,在实验范围内,母料的表观粘度虽均略低于挤出级HIPS,但在挤出制品中不能得到良好分散。EVA可在较大范围内调整母料的流变性能,且在流动过程中,纳米TiO2得到良好分散。采用6份以上EVA改性母料可得到母料分散性良好的板材制品。     

以工业回收PS为载体的ABS用填充母料研制

以工业回收聚苯乙烯(IR-PS)为载体树脂,加入适量助剂与无机填料制成了ABS用填充母料(SM)它与ABS树脂相容性好,且降低了ABS制品的成本。本文从原材料选择、填充母料的物理性能、填充后ABS塑料的加工性能、制品的光学性能及实际应用效果等方面对该种填充母料的研制做了介绍。     

信息与动态

长玻纤增强PP母料降低制品成本据“British Plastics&Rubber”,2005,(May):26报道,法国Arkema公司开发出长玻纤增强PP(聚丙烯)母料新产品Pryltex,玻纤含量可高达50%~60%,是市场上玻纤含量最高的母料之一。加工厂用PP稀释Pryltex后再加工,可得到由不同玻纤含量增强PP含量增强PP成型的多种最终制品,玻纤含量最高为30%~40%,也能调低至10%。Arkema公司指出,用PP稀释Pryltex比用长玻纤与PP直接配混法经济,稀释母料的方法使加工厂工作简化,不必解决玻纤的浸渍和表面涂覆助剂的问题,因而降低加工厂设备投资和原料成本,并确保最终制品性能…     

CaCO3质量指标对改性母料的影响

重质碳酯钙（CaCO3）已成为塑料改性母料的重要无机材料，重质碳酸钙的质量指标直接决定改性母料的质量，并影响在望料制品中的应用效果。本文对CaCO3在塑料改性母料中应用概况及质量指标进行了阐述。     

新型生物降解专用母料

美国塑料配混料企业——普立万公司最近推出生物降解树脂专用色母料和助剂母料新品，母料中含抗粘结剂、滑爽剂、激光印刷助剂和光亮剂以及色母料和助剂母料的复配物。其母料中的着色剂和助剂用量与一般母料相近，加入方法也相同，适用于注塑、挤出和吹塑等加工成型，可加工各种制品如拉伸膜、收缩膜、网线、水果篓子、盘子、苗木盆、瓶子和废物袋等。     

海外资讯

美国两家公司推出抗菌母料美国北卡罗来纳州Leneir的PolyChen Alloy公司和弗吉尼亚州Wichester的Clariant助剂母料公司分别推出适用树脂和应用范围广的抗菌母料PolySept和CESA,可用于医用设定、日用品、厨房和浴室部件、家俱和薄膜等制品。PolySept适用于PE、PP、PS、ABS、尼龙、PBT和PC,抗菌剂含量10%￣50%,有的牌号耐热性超过400℃,产品有液体、粉料、粒状母料三种形式,活性抗菌组分为能迁移到最终制品表面的有机抗菌剂。CESA特点为能大幅减慢医院和其他要求卫生环境中许多塑料部件表面的细菌和真菌的增长速率,延缓塑料褪色…     

环保型无淀粉生-光双降解聚烯烃塑料降解母料生产技术

本母料是以聚烯烃树脂作基料，掺混自制的复合降解剂，经过共混-填充加工工艺制造成。该母料的优点是：母料中的降解剂无毒性，符合食品卫生GB9685-88标准；母料中不含淀粉，生产时工艺性能优越，应用母料时不影响原料的加工与力学性能；降解剂具有光降解、氧-微生物同化作用；母料的降解诱导期可控；塑料制品废弃后能在自然环境中降解、消纳；使用该母料的制品达到国家环保局HJBJ1997-12标准，应用该母料消除对环境的“白色”污染，可作为环保型母料应用。     

HIPS挤出低发泡母料的研制

采用AC发泡剂,以EVA和高苯乙烯(高苯乙烯丁苯橡胶)载体制成发泡母料,讨论了不同配比对挤出低发泡制品的密度和拉伸强度的影响,并用偏光显微镜分析了泡孔的微观结构.结果表明:采用EVA和高苯乙烯作为载体的AC发泡母料,在HIPS(高抗冲聚苯乙烯)挤出发泡中分散性较好,制品密度适中,泡孔均匀.     

ABS填充母料

常州新型塑料研究所经过多年努力,研制了ABS专用填充母料。填充量达15％时,制品性能保持不变,某些性能甚至超过原有指标。这种母料通过多种化学助剂使高精度专用填料与ABS树脂发生化学连接,相容性好。使用这种填充母料,不用改变原有的加工工艺,无毒无公害。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。