纳米粒子类型对聚丙烯酸酯乳液压敏胶性能的影响

采用原位乳液聚合法将纳米SiO2、气相法SiO2、纳米TiO2、纳米CaCO3等无机纳米粒子引入到聚丙烯酸酯压敏胶乳液中,考察了纳米粒子类型对乳液聚合稳定性及复合乳液压敏性能的影响.结果表明,纳米SiO2和纳米TiO2的引入对乳液聚合的稳定性无实质上的影响,且能提高聚丙烯酸酯乳液压敏胶的综合性能,放置3个月后纳米SiO2复合乳液仍然有较好的稳定性和压敏性能;而气相法SiO2、纳米CaCO3在聚合时则有较高的凝胶率,且无论剥离力大小,均存在不同程度的脱胶或胶转移现象.     

电纺丝技术制备无机/有机复合纳米纤维的研究进展

静电纺丝法是一种利用聚合物溶液或熔体在强电场中进行喷射纺丝的加工技术,是获得纳米尺寸长纤维的有效方法之一。目前电纺丝技术逐渐转移到无机/有机纳米复合纤维的制备方面。回顾了近年来电纺丝技术制备无机/有机复合纳米纤维的研究进展,包括:半导体纳米粒子/聚合物复合纳米纤维的制备,无机氧化物纳米粒子/聚合物复合纳米纤维的制备以及贵金属纳米粒子/聚合物复合纳米纤维的制备。     

无机纳米粒子改性复合乳液的研究进展

综述了近五年来用乳液聚合法制备无机纳米粒子改性乳液的研究现状,着重介绍了原位分散聚合、溶胶-原位聚合和乳液插层聚合等制备无机纳米粒子改性乳液的方法。     

LBL技术制备有机/无机纳米复合薄膜研究进展

将高分子和各种功能的无机纳米粒子通过层层吸附自组装技术进行组装,制备厚度可控和稳定性好的有机/无机纳米复合薄膜。综述了该领域研究的最新进展,介绍了利用LBL技术制备有机/无机纳米复合薄膜的方法,并对利用LBL技术制备有机/无机纳米复合薄膜的发展趋势作了展望。     

纳米纤维素基无机复合抗菌膜材料的研究进展

纳米纤维素作为一种高值绿色天然聚合物，因其兼具优异的机械性能、可成膜性、高透明度、可生物降解性、生物相容性好等特性，成为无机抗菌原料良好的载体或者基材，这类复合抗菌材料不仅成膜具有一定的机械强度和透明性，而且可提高无机抗菌剂的稳定性，在抗菌功能膜材料领域具有潜在的应用前景。近年来，以纳米纤维素为基体，引入无机抗菌纳米粒子制备纳米纤维素基无机复合抗菌材料成为抗菌新材料的研究热点。基于此，该文着重从纳米纤维素在复合抗菌膜材料制备中的作用与功效，综述了不同无机抗菌纳米粒子与纳米纤维素复合制备纳米纤维素基无机复合抗菌膜材料的研究进展，分析了各类纳米纤维素基无机复合抗菌膜材料的制备及应用优势，最后对纳米纤维素基复合抗菌材料的未来进行了总结和展望，以期为纳米纤维素基有机-无机复合材料的研究提供参考。     

无皂纳米苯丙复合乳液的制备

向乳液中添加纳米粒子则可使最终的乳液产品同时兼具无皂乳液和纳米复合乳液两者的优点,使复合乳液的综合性能有大幅提高.本文通过实验,确定了无皂条件下制备纳米苯丙复合乳液的最佳条件及最优配方.     

有机-无机纳米复合功能材料的研制

将经过表面化学修饰的纳米粒子引入聚合胶体，制备了一系列具有特殊功能的有机-无机纳米复合薄膜材料. 聚合胶体通过控制硅氧烷前驱物的水解-聚合过程制备，纳米粒子包括ZrO2, SiC, AlOOH和ZnO等. 纳米粒子经过溶胶-凝胶过程对其进行表面改性，以改善其分散性能、优化界面结合或防止体系中有机组份的老化. 纳米粒子的作用主要是赋予传统的有机-无机杂化材料“第三功能”，如耐擦伤、耐腐蚀、抗紫外线等性能.     

纳米技术在聚合物改性方面的研究进展

综述了国内外纳米技术在聚合物改性方面的最新进展。无机纳米粒子改性聚合物的方法包括；直接生成法，原位生成法，插层复合法和反相微乳液法，其中直接生成法简单易行，但解决不了纳米粒子的团聚问题，其余方法则可使纳米粒子均匀分散在聚合物中形成纳米复合材料，无机纳米粒子改性后的聚合物既具有突出的力学性能，又有许多功能性，综合了无机，有机，纳米材料的优良性能，在许多领域有广阔的应用前景。     

聚丙烯基纳米复合材料的制备方法与力学性能

综述了聚丙烯(PP)基纳米复合材料的制备方法和力学性能的研究进展，介绍了目前国内外研究的以PP为基体与粘土层状物、无机、金属纳米粒子复合制备的复合材料的表面处理、制备方法与材料力学性能的关系。用传统的表面处理方法可改善纳米粒子的分散性与力学性能，少量纳米粒子可使PP同时获得增强增韧。     

纳米二氧化硅改性聚醋酸乙烯乳液的研究

以纳米级无机二氧化硅溶胶改性聚醋酸乙烯乳液,采用预乳化乳液聚合工艺制备了二氧化硅/聚醋酸乙烯复合乳液。研究了加入无机二氧化硅后对乳液的物理性能以及涂膜的物理性能、力学性能和热性能等的影响。结果表明:加入二氧化硅溶胶后复合乳液涂膜的硬度、最大载荷、抗拉强度、耐热性和耐水性均有明显的提高,但是断裂伸长率下降,蓝相时间延长;加入反应性乳化剂后复合乳液分散性和稳定性得到提高,能够获得综合性能良好的复合乳液。     

无皂乳液聚合技术及应用研究进展

简介了无皂乳液聚合的8种方法,主要介绍了在制备单分散性微球和功能性微球、施胶剂、增强剂、皮革涂饰、涂料和粘合剂及无机一有机复合材料等领域无皂乳液聚合的应用,并对无皂乳液聚合的发展趋势作了展望。     

硅溶胶/含氟聚丙烯酸酯复合乳液的制备与表征

采用经典的St(o)ber法在常温下制备纳米级硅溶胶,用3-(甲基丙烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷对其改性.在阴离子乳化剂和非离子乳化剂共同存在下,通过乳液聚合制备了硅溶胶/含氟聚丙烯酸酯复合乳液.表征了乳胶粒形貌,测试了共聚物组成及性能、乳液稳定性和乳胶膜性能.结果表明:乳胶粒有明显的核壳结构,乳液有良好的储存稳定性、稀释稳定性、高温和低温稳定性;硅溶胶/含氟聚丙烯酸酯复合乳胶膜吸水率达12.50％,对水的接触角为93 5°;复合物的热稳定性高于普通聚丙烯酸酯共聚物和含氟聚丙烯酸酯共聚物.     

Preparation and properties of poly(silicone‐co‐acrylate)/montmorillonite nanocomposite emulsion

Poly (silicone‐co‐acrylate)/montmorillonite nanocomposite emulsion were prepared by in situ intercalative emulsion polymerization of acrylate and organosilicone, in the presence of organic modified montmorillonite (OMMT) with different OMMT contents (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 wt %). The nanocomposite emulsions were characterized with X‐ray diffraction (XRD), laser light scattering, fourier transform infrared (FTIR), rheological measurements, surface tension, drying speed, and water absorption property. Results showed that OMMT could improve the properties of emulsion, in other words, the properties of nanocomposite emulsion were better when compared with those of the silicone–acrylate emulsion. The properties of nanocomposite emulsion containing 1 wt % OMMT was the best one, and obtained the following advantages: smaller particle size, faster drying speed, shorter curing time, smaller surface tension, bigger apparent viscosity, and improved resistant water by the incorporation of OMMT. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 3963–3970, 2006     

Synthesis and characterization of new polysiloxane bearing vinylic function and its application for the preparation of poly (silicone-co-acrylate)/montmorillonite nanocomposite emulsion

A new silicone containing acrylic monomer, methacryloxyethyl polymethylhydrosiloxane ether (MEPMHSE), based on polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) has been synthesized for formulation of nanocomposite emulsion. Then Poly (silicone-co-acrylate)/montmorillonite (PSAM)/nanocomposite emulsion were prepared by in situ intercalative emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA), butyl acrylate (BA), methacrylic acid (MAA) and MEPMHSE, in the presence of organic modified montmorillonite (OMMT) with different OMMT contents (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2 wt%) and auxiliary agents in the presence of potassium persulphate (KPS) as initiator. Alkylphenol ethersulphate and Arkupal N-300 were used as anionic and non-ionic emulsifiers, respectively. The resulting monomer was characterized by Fourier transformer infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton (¹H NMR), and carbon (¹³C NMR) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopes. The OMMT was characterized by FTIR and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The nanocomposite emulsions were characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), laser light scattering and surface tension. Thermal properties of the copolymers were studied by using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and then the effects of OMMT percent on the water absorption ratio and drying speed were examined. Results showed that OMMT could improve the properties of emulsion, in other words, the properties of nanocomposite emulsion were better when compared with those of the silicone–acrylate emulsion. The property of nanocomposite emulsion containing 1 wt% OMMT was the best one, and the following advantages were obtained: smaller particle size, faster drying speed, smaller surface tension, and improved resistant water by the incorporation of OMMT.     

细乳液聚合制备改性硅溶胶／聚丙烯酸酯复合乳液

常温下一步法制备改性硅溶胶,并通过细乳液聚合制备改性硅溶胶／聚丙烯酸酯复合乳液。考查了温度对聚合速率和单体转化率的影响以及不同乳化剂含量下聚合过程中乳胶粒粒径的变化情况;测试了乳胶膜的吸水率,并用接触角法表征了乳胶膜的表面自由能。     

PA乳液对VAE乳液的共混改性研究

用系列聚丙烯酸酯 (PA)乳液对VAE乳液进行共混改性 ,研究了共混乳液的稳定性、乳胶膜性能、相容性等。结果表明 ,获得稳定的共混乳液的最佳条件是将VAE乳液本身的PH值调至 7;共混乳液胶膜的性能依赖于共混乳液的组成和PA配方的玻璃化温度 (Tg)及其聚合工艺 ;共混体系具有部分相容性     

Preparation of highly open porous styrene/acrylonitrile and styrene/acrylonitrile/organoclay polymerized high internal phase emulsion (PolyHIPE) foams via emulsion templating

Highly open porous crosslinked styrene/ acrylonitrile (SAN) polymerized high internal phase emulsion (PolyHIPE) foams containing various amounts of acrylonitrile (AN) were prepared by the polymerization of the continuous organic phase of high internal phase emulsions with an 85 vol % aqueous internal phase. The mean diameter of voids varied in the range 12.4–19.8 μm. The void diameter increased up to 10% AN, but beyond this limit, the diameter decreased. To improve the mechanical properties of the copolymer foams, the organic phase of the emulsion containing 20% AN was reinforced with organomontmorillonites with different surface modifiers. The effects of the organoclay on the equilibrium torque value of the emulsifying systems, as an approximate characteristic of the emulsion viscosity, and on the morphology and mechanical properties of the resulting foam were investigated. Scanning electron micrographs exhibited an open‐cell polyHIPE structure for all of the SAN/organoclay polyHIPE foams. The incorporation of organoclays within the emulsion copolymer foam significantly decreased the mean size of voids and intercellular pores compared with those of the copolymer foam without reinforcement. In fact, the presence of organoclay may have acted as a cosurfactant to improve the performance of the nonionic surfactant in the concentrated emulsions. The X‐ray diffraction patterns and transmission electron micrographs showed an intercalated nanocomposite structure for the organoclay‐reinforced copolymer foams. On the other hand, the addition of a more hydrophilic organoclay, that is, 3 wt % Cloisite30B, to the concentrated emulsion decreased the Young's modulus and significantly improved the crush strength of the emulsion copolymer foam. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Synthesis of CaCO3–P(MMA–BA) nanocomposite and its application in water based alkyd emulsion coating

As part of broader effort to synthesize a new class of water-based composite, hybrid emulsion polymerization was carried out with acrylic monomers [methyl methacrylate (MMA), n-butyl acrylate (BA)]. Nanocomposite of P(MMA–BA)/nano CaCO₃ was synthesized by in situ emulsion polymerization. Water-based alkyd coating with various proportions nano CaCO₃, P(MMA–BA) and its nanocomposite was formulated. Extent of polymerization with and without nano CaCO₃ was measured using gravimetric method. Thermal properties of neat polymer, nanocomposite and coating films were evaluated by TGA and DSC, DTA analysis. Uniform dispersion of nano CaCO₃ in polymer matrix was ensured from SEM/TEM images. Incorporation of nanoparticles to hybrid polymer and nanocomposite to alkyd emulsion showed significant enhancement in mechanical and thermal properties. Dual role of nanocomposite in coating; as a partial binder and a filler to improve property profile of neat coating has been reported.     

聚醋酸乙烯乳液稳定性能的研究——乳化剂对乳液聚合稳定性的影响

采用半连续乳液聚合的方法,合成聚醋酸乙烯乳液,探讨乳化剂的种类,配比及浓度对乳液聚合稳定性和粘度的影响。该乳液稳定性能良好,木-木压缩剪切强度达12MPa以上,可作为多孔性物质的胶粘剂使用。     

粉状乳化炸药中乳胶基质质量的影响因素分析

通过对粉状乳化炸药质量影响因素的分析,阐述了乳胶基质在保持粉状乳化炸药性能中的重要性,同时对影响乳胶基质的各个因素做出分析与阐述,旨在通过提高乳胶基质质量的基础上保证粉状乳化炸药的性能。