高强汽车双相钢的连续退火与组织性能研究

目的 提升高强DP980双相钢的力学性能,优化连续退火工艺。方法 对高强汽车双相钢进行了连续退火处理,研究了连续退火均热温度、均热时间、过时效温度对冷轧双相钢显微组织、物相组织和力学性能的影响。结果 对于不同退火均热温度处理的双相钢,其组织均为铁素体(F)+马氏体(M),随着均热温度从715 ℃升高至865 ℃,残余奥氏体体积分数逐渐减小,抗拉强度、屈服强度先增后减,断后伸长率逐渐减小,在均热温度为815 ℃时,双相钢的抗拉强度和屈服强度达到最大值。随着均热时间从0.5 min延长至5 min,双相钢的晶粒尺寸逐渐增大,残余奥氏体体积分数先减后增,抗拉强度、屈服强度先增后减,断后伸长率先减后增,在均热时间为1.5 min时,抗拉强度和屈服强度达到最大值。随着过时效温度从245 ℃上升至395 ℃,双相钢中的马氏体体积分数逐渐减小,当过时效温度为395 ℃时,出现了贝氏体,奥氏体体积分数先增后减,抗拉强度、屈服强度逐渐减小,断后伸长率逐渐增大。结论 冷轧DP980双相钢适宜的连续退火工艺如下:均热温度为815 ℃、均热时间为3 min、过时效温度为295 ℃。此时双相钢具有较好的强塑性。     

连续退火工艺对超高强双相钢力学性能的影响

为研究连续退火工艺参数对超高强冷轧双相钢组织及力学性能的影响,在Gleeble-3500热力模拟实验机上,使用正交实验法设计连续退火工艺获得超高强冷轧双相钢.研究发现:连续退火工艺参数对抗拉强度和总延伸率的影响程度依次是:临界区退火温度>保温时间>过时效温度;两阶段应变硬化特性随马氏体体积分数的增加而更加明显:当马氏体体积分数在35%左右时,冷轧双相钢的应变硬化关系明显呈线性;当马氏体体积分数接近50%时,冷轧双相钢的应变硬化关系呈非线性,但两阶段的应变硬化指数n值变化不大,两阶段并由曲线过渡;当马氏体体积分数在65%左右时,冷轧双相钢的应变硬化关系呈非线性,两阶段的应变硬化指数n值变化较大,并出现明显拐点.     

1470MPa级双相钢的性能特征与强韧化机制

对0.16C-1.38Si-3.2Mn双相钢进行轧制和退火处理,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、电子背散射衍射(EBSD)等手段表征试验钢的微观组织和断口形貌,分析试验钢经退火后钢板的力学性能和加工硬化行为,重点研究了试验钢晶粒细化的强韧化机制。结果表明:试验钢在800℃退火后的显微组织主要由8.8%铁素体和91.2%回火马氏体构成。退火后的钢板具有良好的综合力学性能,屈服强度为873 MPa,表现为连续屈服特征,抗拉强度为1483 MPa,总伸长率为11%,屈强比为0.58;试验钢的Mn含量、退火前的初始组织、冷轧大变形以及退火过程中关键工艺参数等都有利于试验钢退火板的晶粒细化,铁素体尺寸为1-2μm,马氏体板条束的有效晶粒尺寸为0.2-1.5μm。细小的晶粒有利于阻碍位错的运动和增加裂纹扩展的阻力,从而提高了钢板的强度和塑韧性。     

马氏体对C-Si-Mn冷轧双相钢屈服特性的影响

通过实验室退火与回火,采用力学测定与显微组织分析研究了马氏体体积分数与回火温度对双相钢屈服特性的影响.结果表明:随马氏体体积分数从0%增加到约15%,双相钢的屈服强度显著降低,降低值约为80～100MPa;而马氏体体积分数在15%～35%之间,双相钢的屈服强度维持在一个较低的水平.当马氏体体积分数大于35%,双相钢屈服...     

连续镀锌DP600双相钢的组织与性能研究

制备了连续镀锌DP600双相钢,利用光学显微镜、SEM、EBSD技术对其显微组织进行了观察和分析;利用X射线衍射和EBSD技术分别对钢板的宏观织构和微观织构进行了测定;并对其力学性能、n值和r值进行了检测.实验结果表明:试样组织为铁素体+马氏体岛的双相组织,该钢板具有良好的综合力学性能和成形性,达到了DP600级别双相钢的性能要求.     

连续退火和水淬+回火工艺对DP1000双相钢屈服特性的影响

分别采用连续退火和水淬+回火工艺模拟了1000MPa级冷轧双相钢的退火过程.连续退火工艺下双相钢的屈服强度较低,250℃过时效时屈服强度为472MPa;320℃过时效时屈服强度为454MPa.而水淬+回火工艺下双相钢的屈服强度较高,250℃回火时屈服强度为1083MPa;320℃回火时屈服强度为887MPa.金相分析显...     

800MPa冷轧热镀锌双相钢组织性能及其织构演变

对800MPa级热镀锌双相钢热轧、冷轧及退火后的显微组织进行了观察,分析比较了热轧和退火后的力学性能,并考察了其织构演变过程.结果表明:实验用钢经820℃保温140s热镀锌退火后,可获得抗拉强度819MPa,伸长率为17%的铁素体+马氏体双相钢,铁素体晶粒尺寸在1.5~4μm之间,马氏体体积分数为34%左右;热轧织构密度较弱,但已呈现出γ织构的雏形;冷轧后α织构和γ织构密度显著增长;热镀锌退火后α织构变化不大,不利织构{001}〈110〉织构密度有较大程度地攀升,γ织构取向密度值波动很大,最大织构组分为{112}〈110〉织构;快冷过程中形成的马氏体阻碍了有利织构{111}的发展,使得不利织构{001}〈110〉得到一定程度的发展.     

预奥氏体化对中Mn TRIP钢组织及力学性能的影响

为了提高钢的综合力学性能,用盐浴法对中Mn TRIP钢进行了热处理.采用SEM、TEM、XRD和拉伸测试研究了预奥氏体化处理对中Mn TRIP钢显微组织及力学性能的影响.实验结果表明:全马氏体冷轧态组织经两相区退火处理后,会析出大量渗碳体颗粒,随着退火时间延长,渗碳体颗粒逐渐溶解,马氏体组织逐渐转变为奥氏体和铁素体双相片层状组织;而在两相区退火处理前添加两相区预奥氏体化处理后,渗碳体析出被有效抑制,双相片层组织迅速形成;相比于常规两相区退火处理,预奥氏体化处理能够提高组织中残余奥氏体体积分数和综合力学性能.     

双相钢拼焊板温拉伸力学性能及组织分析

为了揭示温变形工艺参数对双相钢拼焊板宏观力学性能及组织演变的影响规律,在不同变形温度和应变速率条件下对DP590双相钢拼焊板进行温拉伸试验和微观组织观察,将变形温度和应变速率对材料温成形过程的综合影响统一为Zener-Hollomon(Z)参数来研究材料宏观力学性能和微观组织演变.实验结果表明,随着Z参数的降低,材料越容易发生动态再结晶,流变应力-应变曲线越低,断后延伸率逐渐提高,平均晶粒尺寸有长大的趋势.本研究对于通过Z参数优化DP590双相钢拼焊板温变形宏观力学性能和微观组织具有一定的参考价值.     

连续退火对5% Mn超细晶TRIP钢组织性能的影响

为开发强度和塑性良好配合的第三代汽车钢,采用CCT-AY-Ⅱ型钢板连续退火机模拟分析了不同退火温度和时间对0.1C-5Mn中锰TRIP钢组织性能的影响规律.采用SEM和EBSD等微观分析方法观察不同工艺下制备的中锰TRIP的微观组织,利用XRD方法测量残余奥氏体体积分数,通过实验测量其力学性能.结果表明:实验的中锰TRIP钢在650℃保温3 min退火后获得最佳的综合力学性能,其抗拉强度为1 022 MPa,总延伸率为19.3%,强塑积为20 GPa·%;应变前期试验钢中大量残余奥氏体发生转变,超细晶间的协调机制对试验钢的塑性起主导作用.     

Effect of inter-critical annealing parameters on ferrite recrystallization and austenite formation in DP 590 steel

This research investigates the effect of inter-critical annealing parameters on ferrite recrystallization and austenite formation during processing of a dual phase microstructure from a cold rolled low carbon steel. The main effort was to determine optimum annealing parameters for producing a desired ferrite-martensite dual phase microstructure in the steel for improved strength–ductility combination. A 57% cold rolled steel sheet was subjected to inter-critical annealing under different temperature–time conditions. Annealing temperatures were determined using Thermo-Calc. After annealing experiments, the resulting microstructures and corresponding hardness values were evaluated to determine ferrite recrystallization and austenite fraction under different conditions. The activation energy for ferrite recrystallization was 235.6?kJ/mol using standard Johnson–Mehl–Avrami–Kolmogorov analysis. Experiments showed that inter-critical annealing parameters affect the phenomenon of ferrite recrystallization and austenite formation. It was observed that both the rate of ferrite recrystallization and austenite formation increase with an increase in annealing temperature. Finally, steel was annealed under conditions similar to industrial processing in an annealing simulator with the selected annealing parameters to obtain improved strength–percentage elongation combinations. The steel under these conditions showed significant improvements in strength–ductility combination (610?MPa–26%; 680?MPa–15%) with an ideal yield strength to an ultimate tensile strength ratio of 0.5.     

退火处理对SnO2:F薄膜光电性能的影响

SnO2∶F薄膜作为low-e玻璃的表面功能层材料,广泛应用于节能镀膜玻璃。Low-e玻璃在后期退火(深加工)后,其性能的变化已经引起了学术研究和实际应用方面的的关注。我们对于用化学气相沉积法在玻璃表面沉积的约250nm厚的SnO2∶F薄膜进行不同的退火处理。并通过一系列的研究,结果发现,薄膜的结构、组成、电学、光学性能在氮气和空气两种不同的退火气氛下会有显著的变化。SnO2∶F薄膜的Low-e性能经过空气中高温退火后下降明显。通过计算对比退火后SnO2∶F薄膜的晶格常数和晶胞尺寸,提出了一种对于薄膜Low-e性能下降的合理解释。     

An investigation of mechanical and metallurgical properties of explosive welded aluminum-dual phase steel

The aim of this paper is investigation of microstructure and property relationship in aluminum-HSLA steel and aluminum-dual phase steel bimetals fabricated by explosive welding technique. Dual phase steel was produced by intercritical annealing and water quenching from 1.45Mn-0.2Si-0.186C HSLA steel. Hardness, tensile shear strength, tensile strength, toughness and microstructure of explosively welded aluminum-HSLA steel and aluminum-dual phase steel were evaluated. Both bimetals have a straight bonding interface. It was also seen that plastic deformation of dual phase steel was higher than HSLA steel near interfaces of bimetals. The hardness was increased near the bond interface of bimetals. Tensile and tensile shear strength tests showed that aluminum-dual phase steel is superior than aluminum-HSLA steel. Also, impact toughness of aluminum-dual phase steel was found significantly higher than that of aluminum-HSLA steel.     

Synthesis, characterization and thermal history dependence of the polymorphic structure of nylon6/montmorillonite nanocomposites

Nylon6/clay nanocomposites with 5-wt% montmorillonite (NCN5) were prepared by a twin-screw extruder. The effects of thermal histories including annealing temperature (195 °C, solid-state annealing; 245 °C, melt-state annealing), annealing time and cooling rate on the polymorphic behavior and thermal property of NCN5 have been studied using Modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry (MDSC) and wide angle X-ray diffraction. It was found that longer annealing time and faster cooling rate favored the formation of the γ crystal when NCN5 samples were annealed at 195 °C. As the annealing temperature was elevated to 245 °C, the α crystal became the absolutely dominating crystalline phase independent on the annealing durations and cooling rate. Moreover, a small endothermic peak was observed around 195 °C in NCN5 samples and this new transition peak was also found to be dependent on the thermal history.     

Effects of low-temperature annealing on Ohmic contact of Au/p-CdZnTe

Effect of annealing time at 333 K in air on the ohmic property of Au/p-CdZnTe contact was studied. Through I–V measurement, it was found that Au/p-CdZnTe had excellent ohmic property after 2 h annealing. SEM and XPS analyses showed that Au atoms diffused into CdZnTe during annealing. Diffused Au did not form any compound with any element in CdZnTe, but replaced Cd sites or occupied Cd vacancy as acceptors. Thus, the heavy p-type doping layer was formed and M-p⁺-p ohmic contact was obtained. At the same time, about 27.01% of Te in un-deposited CdZnTe surface layer was oxided into TeO₂ during 2 h annealing.     

超薄铜铝复合电缆带的制备及其力学性能研究

针对电缆带以铝节铜的市场需求和超薄铜铝复合板带制备技术缺乏的现状,提出了包含叠轧的多道次累积轧制复合工艺,同时采用快速在线退火工艺成功制备了厚度为0.12 mm的超薄铜铝复合电缆带,并对其不同道次和不同退火工艺下的拉伸力学性能进行了分析.研究表明:采用高温短时在线热处理可以达到低温长时退火处理的效果;超薄铜铝复合带的力学性能对厚度特别敏感;改变初始坯料状态和降低中间退火温度可以改善最终复合带的力学性能.     

退火条件对Sn掺杂ZnO薄膜光电性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法在普通载玻片上制备Sn掺杂ZnO薄膜(SZO薄膜)。研究空气退火、低真空退火、高真空退火、氮气退火、三高退火、循环退火6种不同退火条件对SZO薄膜光电性能的影响。结果表明:6种不同的退火条件制备的SZO薄膜均为纤锌矿结构且具有c轴择优取向生长的特性。高真空退火下,SZO薄膜的结晶状况和电学性质最优,最低电阻率可达到5.4×10~(-2)Ω·cm。薄膜的可见光区平均透过率均大于85%。薄膜在390nm和440nm附近(325nm光激发下)都出现光致发光峰,在空气、氮气、低真空中退火后薄膜440nm处发光强度最为显著。     

退火处理对CdIn2O4薄膜光电特性的影响及温差电动势的研究

研究了直流磁控反应溅射制备三元化合物CdIn2O4薄膜(简称CIO膜)的光电性质和温差电动势,及其反应气体中氧浓度和退火处理对CIO膜性质的影响.结果表明CIO膜在可见光区有良好的导电性和透光性,退火处理明显提高了膜的透光率和载流子浓度,这一影响对CIO的广泛应用具有重要的意义.     

AlN/FeCoSiB磁电复合薄膜的制备及其逆磁电效应研究

借助射频磁控溅射成功制备了AlN/FeCoSiB磁电复合薄膜, 探讨了退火条件对AlN薄膜压电性能和FeCoSiB薄膜磁性能的影响, 并研究了其逆磁电响应。结果显示, 500℃退火处理的AlN薄膜具有高度(002)择优取向和柱状生长结构; 经过300℃退火后FeCoSiB薄膜的磁场灵敏度提高。该磁电复合薄膜的逆磁电电压系数(α_CME)在偏置磁场(H_dc)为875 A/m时达到最大值62.5 A/(m·V); 且磁感应强度(B)随交变电压(V_ac)的变化呈现优异的线性响应(线性度达到1.3%)。这种AlN/FeCoSiB磁电复合薄膜在磁场或电场探测领域具有广阔的应用前景。     

Variations of the permeability with annealing conditions for Fe-based nanocrystalline alloys

Considering the effective magnetic anisotropy of Fe-based nanocrystalline alloys contributed by the structure anisotropy and the induced anisotropy, an improved model of permeability was proposed within the framework of the random anisotropy theory. The dependence of permeability on the annealing time and temperature was analyzed, especially the peak value of permeability as a function of annealing time were explained by using this improved model. It is shown that the optimization annealing carried out at higher temperatures is more efficient and brings better soft magnetic property. The theoretical values were compared with the experimental data of a series of Fe-based nanocrystalline alloys. The results show that the theoretical analyzes are in excellent agreement with existing experiments.