昌平区排水管网普查成果及其应用的建议

排水设施普查是北京市第一次水务普查的重要普查专项,排水管网调查是排水设施普查专项的重要内容。通过对排水管网普查成果的统计分析,结合日常运行管理存在的问题,提出了加强排水管网的运行管理,统筹考虑新建排水管网等措施,为提高排水管网服务保障能力和解决城市排涝问题提供技术支持。     

北京市小城镇排水管网规划设计探讨

排水管网是小城镇基础设施的一个重要组成部分，在促进经济建设的发展、保护城镇环境免受污染、保障人民健康与正常生活方面起着至关重要的作用。根据北京市小城镇的实际情况，从小城镇排水规划原则、排水体制选择、污水管道设计流量计算、管线布置及水力计算等方面归纳了小城镇排水管网规划设计的特点及应注意的问题，提出了北京市小城镇排水管网合理规划设计的建议。     

卷烟工厂室外管网设计若干问题探讨

卷烟工厂室外管网(线)各种管网(线)种类繁多,增加了其设计难度。结合北方某卷烟厂室外给水排水管网设计及管网(线)综合设计,探讨卷烟工厂室外管网设计中存在的问题,并提出设计建议。     

横琴科技研发区排水管网设计实例分析

横琴科技研发区排水管网设计应用BIM进行正向设计,介绍了其污水管网系统和雨水管网系统设计过程中存在的问题,平面及竖向设计,特殊附属构筑物设计,排水管道智慧感知系统,研究结果可为其他排水管网设计提供借鉴.     

对城镇排水管网建设和运行管理的几点想法

结合目前城镇排水管网建设、运行管理中存在的问题,对排水体制的选择、污水管网建设的责任分解、管材选择和管道施工注意事项及排水管网运行管理提出了自己的见解.     

上海城市排水管网数字信息化管理

本文阐述了排水管网数字信息化管理的重要性。研究了上海城市排水管网数字信息化管理过程中采用的管网基础数据普查测量、管网地理信息系统和管网水力学模型等数字信息化管理的手段,并对管网信息化管理面临的主要问题进行简要分析,提出发展设想。     

城市排水管网水动力学模型研究综述

随着城市的发展,基于传统的水力设计计算、运行管理的排水系统存在诸多问题,着重阐述了排水管网水动力学模型及其研究应用现状,认为采用排水管网水动力学模型进行动态模拟分析是有效解决问题的重要非工程措施.     

浅述沿海老城区污水管网系统的规划与设计

结合编制某市市区污水管网系统专业规划 ,分析和研究了东南沿海地区类似老城区排水管网系统规划与设计需要注意的几个问题。主要包括排水体制的选择 ,污水水量预测 ,系统管网布置与已建排水管道的利用 ,泵站规模计算 ,并对今后进行类似规划需要改进的方面提出了建议     

城市排水管网系统改造技术

1.现有城市排水管网系统存在的问题1.1城市排水管网系统的新旧层次突出排水管网的质量和设计在很大程度上制约着城市排水系统的工作效率及其使用年限。现在仍有部分城市使用明清时期、解放前的排水设施,如故宫的排水系统为明清时期修建的排水明沟和暗沟以及新中国成立后修建的污水管线,历经将近600年,许多地下管网仍在发挥重要作用。我们不否认这套设施的可取之处,但面对城市化的发展,有些设施已经存在超负荷工作的情况,当然城市的相关主管部门也对管道进行了更换,这便造成了城市排水管网系统新旧层次突出的问题。     

市政排水管网的设计及优化

正一、优化市政排水管网设计的必要性和可行性作为我国城市建设过程中的关键构成部分,市政排水管网的投资在整个排水系统投资中占据着绝对重要地位。所以说,优化设计市政排水管网有着重大意义。伴随着我国经济的快速发展,城市道路的大量修建,使得排水管网获得大面积普及应用,然而,仍然存在诸多消极影响问题。作为现代化城市基础性设施,市政排水管网系统建设可谓是城市水污染防治工程中的关键性建设内容。为此,在充分满足各类型约束条件的基础上,实现对排水管网     

Impact of water source management practices in residential areas on sewer networks - a review

Prolonged drought which has occurred everywhere around the world has caused water shortages, leading many countries to consider more sustainable practices, which are called source management practices (SMPs) to ensure water availability for the future. SMPs include the practices of water use reduction, potable water substitution and wastewater volume reduction such as water demand management, rainwater harvesting, greywater recycling and sewer mining. Besides the well known advantages from SMPs, they also contribute to the alteration of wastewater characteristics which finally affect the process in downstream infrastructure such as sewerage networks. Several studies have shown that the implementation of SMPs decreases the wastewater flow, whilst increasing its strength. High-strength wastewater can cause sewer problems such as sewer blockage, odour and corrosion. Yet, not all SMPs and their impact on existing sewer networks have been investigated. Therefore, this study reviews some examples of four common SMPs, the wastewater characteristics and the physical and biochemical transformation processes in sewers and the problems that might caused by them, and finally the potential impacts of those SMPs on wastewater characteristics and sewer networks are discussed. This paper provides sewer system managers with an overview of potential impacts on the sewer network due to the implementation of some SMPs. Potential research opportunities for the impact of SMPs on existing sewers are also identified.     

Probabilistic modeling of sewer deterioration using inspection data.

Accurate prediction of current and future conditions of sewer systems is crucial to manage the sewer system wisely, cost-effectively and efficiently. The application of historical databases of visual inspection data to sewer deterioration modeling seems common sense. However, in The Netherlands, sewer inspection data is only used to determine the direct need for rehabilitation. This paper outlines the possibilities of using inspection data for deterioration modeling and discusses the problems encountered. A case study was performed on the modeling of the condition aspect 'surface damage by corrosion or mechanical action' using a Markov model.     

雨污兼合的排水系统体制探讨

城市排水系统体制的选择,无论对于城市新区建设还是对于旧城改造,都是个现实问题。分析了雨污分流实施的困难、问题和原因,探索了雨污兼合系统。结合实际情况、当地自然条件、受纳水体环境要求和现有设施情况、资金因素、管理水平、动态发展等因素,实事求是,科学地确定无锡市排水体制。雨污兼合系统是防洪与排水相结合、市政排水与建筑排水相衔接、污水与雨水有机统一的较经济、现实的排水系统。     

Estimation of Urban Impervious Fraction from Satellite Images and Its Impact on Peak Discharge Entering a Storm Sewer System

The runoff coefficient in an urban basin is highly influenced by the impervious and pervious surface fractions since they affect the entity of rainwater entering a storm sewer system. Today these fractions can be estimated by reading high resolution satellite images that are readily available at a relatively low cost. However, this approach involves a certain margin of error when it comes to identifying the various types of cover and hence the total extent of impervious and pervious surfaces. The first problem addressed in this paper thus lies in assessing to what degree the error in the estimation of the two fractions—as derived from a reading of satellite images of the area taken into consideration—may impact the estimation of peak discharge which will be used in turn as a basis for designing or verifying a storm sewer system. A further aspect affecting the entity of rainwater that flows into a storm sewer system is the manner in which the impervious and pervious fractions are connected to the system itself. This type of information may not be deduced from satellite images, but only from an extensive field survey. However, such surveys are feasible only for areas of limited size, whereas they become prohibitive in terms of time and cost in the case of large catchments. An investigation was thus made into whether disregarding the type of connection would significantly affect the peak discharge taken as reference for the design or verification of a storm sewer system. The two above-mentioned problems were addressed in reference to a real case, represented by the town of Codigoro (Ferrara, Italy), in which five small basins with different types of land cover were selected. The results of our analysis show that an estimation of impervious and pervious fractions from high resolution satellite images is sufficiently precise and acceptable for estimating the peak discharge entering the sewer system. By contrast, disregarding the information on how the different areas are connected to the sewer system may lead to a marked overestimation of discharges.     

Heuristic Optimization Model for the Optimal Layout and Pipe Design of Sewer Systems

The design of urban stormwater systems and sanitary sewer systems consists of solving two problems: generating a layout of the system and the pipe design which includes the crown elevations, slopes and commercial pipe sizes. A heuristic model for determining the optimal (minimum cost) layout and pipe design of a storm sewer network is presented. The hierarchical procedure combines a sewer layout model formulated as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) problem which is solved using the General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS) and a simulated annealing optimization procedure for the pipe design of a generated layout was developed in Excel. The GAMS and simulated annealing models are interfaced through linkage of Excel and GAMS. The pipe design model is based upon the simulated annealing method to optimize the crown elevations and diameter of pipe segments in a storm sewer network using layouts generated using GAMS. A sample scenario demonstrates that using these methods may allow for significant costs saving while simultaneously reducing the time typically required to design and compare multiple storm sewer networks.     

Settlement as a driver for sewer rehabilitation

This paper assesses the influence of (differential) settlement on sewer system functioning. Based on historical data of the vertical position of sewer invert levels, tilt measurements and in-sewer inspection videos, settlement and settlement related influences are analyzed for a case study area in Amsterdam. The average settlement rate of this system was 4 mm/year. Given this settlement rate, it is shown that settlement significantly influences sewer system functioning within the lifetime of a sewer (system).     

湖区真空下水道系统的设计

真空下水道系统凭借其自身优势在环境敏感地区(如湖区)具有较好的应用前景。与传统重力管网相比,真空下水道以阶梯敷设的方式输送污水,不受地形的限制。结合真空下水道的特点,提出了在湖区应用真空下水道系统的设计计算方法及经济分析。     

Japan's sewerage system

This paper traces the history of sewer construction in Japan. The first sewers were built for flood control, and as late as the end of the Second World War there were only six cities enjoying sewer systems with treatment facilities. Rapid industrialization increased pollution problems and led to accelerated sewer development. Advances in the technology of sewage treatment are outlined. Today 30% of Japan's population is served by sewer systems, and identifying cost‐effective means of increasing that proportion is a major priority. The Experimental Sewer System, developed in Tokyo, is described. Finally, a new method for the estimation of peak flow in sewer pipes, entitled grid analysis, is presented.     

An integrated approach for urban water quality assessment

This paper introduces an integrated approach for the assessment of receiving water quality and the relative contribution of the urban drainage system to perceived receiving water quality problems. The approach combines mass balances with relatively simple receiving water impact models. The research project has learned that the urban drainage system is only one of the determining factors with respect to receiving urban water quality problems. The morphology of the receiving waters and the non-sewer sources of pollution, such as waterbirds, dogs, or inflow of external surface water might be equally important. This conclusion underlines the necessity to changes today's emission based approach and adopt an integral and immission based approach. The integrated approach is illustrated on a case study in Arnhem, where the receiving water quality remained unsatisfactory even after retrofitting a combined sewer system into a separated sewer system.     

地下排水管道流量检测技术进展

排水管道属于资金密集型市政基础工程.准确掌握管道内水流状况,是改善排水系统管理、科学制定管道系统改扩建方案的必要条件,也是今后利用先进技术建立管道系统模型、实现计算机实时控制的基础.系统总结了排水管道流量测试的常规技术,提出了适用性评估方法,介绍了目前国际上较为先进实用的排水管道流量检测设备及其在上海的应用,以期推动国内排水管道的流量检测与排水系统的管理水平.