大豆除草剂残毒对甜菜幼苗的严重危害

近年来,由于大豆除草剂的普遍应用,给甜菜生产带来严重的不良影响.目前使用的大豆除草剂其残效期均较长,有的残效期长达60个月.甜菜是对大豆除草剂残毒表现极为敏感的作物,主要是甜菜幼苗极易受大豆除草剂残毒的危害,致使纸筒育苗甜菜幼苗丧失移栽价值,造成直播甜菜苗枯而毁种,给种植甜菜农户造成重大经济损失.兹将2007年依安县甜菜生产遭受大豆除草剂残毒危害的情况予以论述,以便今后甜菜生产避免大豆除草剂残毒的危害. 　　……     

不同药剂防治甜菜黑绒金龟子药效试验报告

近几年,海伦市甜菜地大面积发生甜菜黑绒金龟子,发生面积逐年扩大,黑绒金龟子一般为害田2-3头/m2,为害严重的地块高达51-153头/m2,造成甜菜缺苗断垄,严重地块导致甜菜毁种,给甜菜生产造成了很大的损失,为了筛选出更好的防治甜菜黑绒金龟子的药剂,确保甜菜稳产、高产特进行此项试验.从试验结果看,70％锐胜种子处理可分...     

提高湿粕温度降低压粕水份

1前言 甜菜制糖的湿粕贮藏损失特别大，据资料介绍，窖贮六个月，重量损失65％，营养损失50％，有时还会产生难闻的气味，造成公害，所以必须制成干粕。     

山东原料甜菜就地贮藏试验

我省春夏播甜菜大都在10月至11月收获,在10月下旬至11月上旬是甜菜集中收获的季节,而此时的日平均温度为10℃,集中收获入厂的甜菜多数是大堆积放,由于块根的呼吸作用,使堆内闷热,造成腐烂,更严重的是深冬季节堆表裸露的块根结冻,到翌年二月气温回升解冻,往往造成大批甜菜腐烂变质。为了解决甜菜原料收购集中,甜菜入厂后成大堆造成腐烂的问题,我们对原料甜菜就地     

超期加工甜菜保藏技术措施探讨

据黑龙江省气候特点和最佳制糖期的要求,甜菜保藏期限自9月下旬开始至翌年3月末计180天。我省近几年来由于甜菜种植面积逐年扩大,甜菜产量大幅度增加,而制糖加工生产能力有限,迫使甜菜保藏期延长为210天,有时保管期长达245天。因此,深入研究超期加工甜菜保管技术措施,对完成制糖生产的各项指标,提高经济效益都具有重要意义。经生产实践验证,若超期保藏到5月末至6月初在甜菜保藏技术措施上应做到以下几点:     

甲基硫环磷闷种防治甜菜象虫的研究

前言甜菜象虫Bothynoderes Punctiventris Gerunar(又叫甜菜象,甜菜象(虫甲)),为东北、内蒙古、山西、甘肃、宁夏、新疆及山东等省(区)甜菜苗期主要害虫,成虫咬食甜菜子叶和幼嫩的真叶,幼虫咬食甜菜块根,大发生时,大量植株因受害造成缺苗或毁种。近年来在各甜菜产区危害有逐年加重的趋势。     

试论甜菜立枯病防治

甜菜立枯病是世界病害。是各国甜菜栽培区的常发病。苏联、日本、美国、西欧等国家均有不同程度发生。在我国亦是影响甜菜保苗的重要限制因素,尤其在气温低、肥力和整地较差地区发病更为严重,一般罹病率在20～40%,个别严重年份高达60～80%。常在生产上造成缺苗、断条甚至毁种,给甜菜生产造成很大危害。     

微量元素缺乏导致甜菜叶片黄化原因分析

甜菜叶片黄化是常见的现象，对甜菜生产有一定的影响，会降低块根产量和含糖率。导致甜菜叶片黄化的因素很多，干旱、缺氮、病害、微量元素缺乏等都会造成黄化，在生产上经常是几种因素混合作用，不易区分，尤其是微量元素缺乏造成的甜菜叶片黄化，经常与干旱缺水、缺氮等相混淆。微量     

甜菜象(虫甲)的发生和防治

甜菜象(虫甲)是山东省东部地区在甜菜生产的头等大敌,危害春播甜菜小苗与采种株.该虫的发生面积和危害程度逐年急剧上升,据高密县、平度县调查,从一九七二年开始种植甜菜,一九七六年局部发现该虫危害。一九七七年高密县种植春甜菜五千亩,发生面积三千五百亩,因该虫危害造成毁种面积达20％。根产量比一九七六年减产12％。一九七八年高密县种植春甜菜六千七百亩,因该虫危害毁种面积占50％,连续毁种五次的占10％,根产量比一九     

采种甜菜苗期甜菜夜蛾的防治

甜菜夜蛾 ,其幼虫抗药性强 ,食性杂、食量大、危害严重 ,每头幼虫可吃 5 0 0 0ｍｍ2 以上的甜菜叶片。甜菜夜蛾在山东一年可发生五代 ,世代重叠严重。近年来 ,甜菜夜蛾已成为采种甜菜育苗期的主要害虫 ,每年都有一些种植户 ,由于防治甜菜夜蛾措施不当 ,造成部分或全部幼苗绝产 ,损失很大。我们通过几年的试验和调查 ,认为甜菜夜蛾虽然防治较难 ,但只要措施得当 ,完全可控制在危害以内。1　甜菜夜蛾的习性1 .1　成虫白天潜伏在作物叶片的背面、草丛和土缝间 ,受惊后可作短距离飞行 ,夜间活动较盛 ,趋光性较强。每头雌蛾产卵平均 445粒 ,卵块…     

苍耳籽油的制取

苍耳籽经清理、预榨、浸出、粕蒸烘等工艺流程后,即可制取苍耳籽油,苍耳籽油在工业上有广泛的用途。     

葵花籽和南瓜子水分测定方法的比较与分析

目的对葵花籽和南瓜子水分测定方法进行比较与分析。方法比较几种预处理条件下105℃恒重法和130℃定时定温烘干法对葵花籽和南瓜子水分含量的影响,以确定干燥温度对样品水分含量的影响。并于130℃定时定温烘干法对两种样品进行10次重复试验,确定同一干燥条件下,不同预处理方法对不同样品测得水分结果是否有显著差异。结果利用整粒粉碎方法处理葵花籽、南瓜子并在130℃定时定温烘干方法测出的水分含量更接近真实值。结论从快速、准确等方面综合考虑,建议使用130℃定时定温烘干法,用粉碎机整粒粉碎的方法对瓜子样品进行水分检测。     

Drying kinetics of grape seeds

Drying of grape seeds representing waste products from white wine processing (Riesling), red wine processing (Cab Franc), and juice processing (Concord) was studied at 40, 50, and 60 °C and constant air velocity of 1.5 m/s. Equilibrium moisture content had a significant effect on the normalized drying curve and was determined for each grape seed at each drying temperature. Effective moisture diffusivity ranged between 1.57 and 3.96 × 10⁻¹⁰ m²/s for Riesling seeds, 2.93–5.91 × 10⁻¹⁰ m²/s for Concord seeds, and 3.89–8.03 × 10⁻¹⁰ m²/s for Cab Franc seeds. The temperature dependence of the effective diffusivity followed an Arrhenius relationship, and the activation energies were 40.14 kJ/mol for Riesling seeds, 30.45 kJ/mol for Concord seeds, and 31.47 kJ/mol for Cab Franc seeds. Three thin-layer models were used to predict the drying curves: Page model, Lewis model, and the Henderson–Pabis model. All three models were found to produce accurate predictions compared to the mass average moisture loss for each grape seed variety (percent error less than 10%), and the Lewis model was shown to be an excellent model for predicting all three grape seed varieties (percent error less than 5%).     

Composition of Cicer soongaricum seeds

The legume, Cicer soongaricum grows wild in high altitude regions of the Himalayas. The seeds are nutritionally rich, containing 19.1% protein, 44.5% starch, 7.2% oil and 3.4% minerals. Glutelin has been found to be the major protein fraction (43.7%) whereas albumin, globulin and prolamin are 11.5, 14.3 and 6.6%, respectively. The oil contains 29.8% phospholipids, wherein palmitic (30.0%), stearic (32.4%) and linolenic acids (13.6%) are the major fatty acids. The phospholipid fraction has an appreciable content of phosphatidyl choline (1.0% in the seed) which is higher than in soya bean, presently the commercial source of its manufacture.     

Drying kinetics of grape seeds

Drying of grape seeds representing waste products from white wine processing (Riesling), red wine processing (Cab Franc), and juice processing (Concord) was studied at 40, 50, and 60 °C and constant air velocity of 1.5 m/s. Equilibrium moisture content had a significant effect on the normalized drying curve and was determined for each grape seed at each drying temperature. Effective moisture diffusivity ranged between 1.57 and 3.96 × 10⁻¹⁰ m²/s for Riesling seeds, 2.93–5.91 × 10⁻¹⁰ m²/s for Concord seeds, and 3.89–8.03 × 10⁻¹⁰ m²/s for Cab Franc seeds. The temperature dependence of the effective diffusivity followed an Arrhenius relationship, and the activation energies were 40.14 kJ/mol for Riesling seeds, 30.45 kJ/mol for Concord seeds, and 31.47 kJ/mol for Cab Franc seeds. Three thin-layer models were used to predict the drying curves: Page model, Lewis model, and the Henderson–Pabis model. All three models were found to produce accurate predictions compared to the mass average moisture loss for each grape seed variety (percent error less than 10%), and the Lewis model was shown to be an excellent model for predicting all three grape seed varieties (percent error less than 5%).     

Nutritional value of sesame seeds

Literature data on the nutritional value of sesame seeds (Sesamum indicum L.), their use in feeding the world population and food production are presented. Sesame seeds contain up to 55% oil and 20% protein. Sesame proteins are limited by lysine but rich in tryptophan and methionine. Sesame oil is rich in linoleic and oleic acids, the predominance of gamma-tocopherol over the other isomers of vitamin E and high content of fat-soluble lignans (sesamin and sesamolin). Thanks to recent sesame oil has a phytoestrogen activity; it has a cholesterol-lowering effect.     

龙眼核的营养成分

对龙眼核的营养成分进行了分析,结果表明,龙眼核中含有丰富的淀粉、还原糖和蛋白质等营养成分,且含有多种矿物元素,它们主要是钾、钙、镁和磷等元素。根据实验要求测定了龙眼核中VA和VE的含量,结果为VA<0.56mg/100g和VE0.55mg/kg。分析结果表明,龙眼核是开发保健食品的良好营养源。     

Lectins of Lablab purpureus seeds

A column of chitin was utilized to separate four lectins (hemagglutinating activity) from the seeds of (Lablab purpureus L) Sweet. Two of these activities, which were bound by chitin and were also strongly inhibited by N-aeetyl-D -glucosamine, were differentiated according to their ionic properties: one is a basic (C2-S1) and the other is an acidic (C2-S2) lectin. A third N-acetyl-D -glucosamine binding lectin (Cl-2) is also acidic in nature but showed a lower binding capacity towards this sugar than C2-S2. A fourth lectin (C1-1S2) was strongly inhibited by galactose and has an acidic character. The lectin is formed by subunits of 39000 and 44000 kDa.     

Antioxidant activity of water and alcohol extracts of chamomile flowers,anise seeds and dill seeds

The antioxidant activities of water and alcohol extracts of the flowers of chamomile (Matricaria aurea Schultz) and the seeds of anise (Pimpinella anisum L) and dill (Anethum graveolens L) were investigated. The extracts showed marked antioxidant activity in both linoleic acid and liposome model systems. This indicates that the extracts could be used as antioxidants in fat‐containing foods. The water extracts of chamomile flowers and dill seeds showed higher antioxidant activity than butylated hydroxyanisole, whereas the antioxidant activities of the alcohol extracts of all three plants were lower. The water extracts showed higher antioxidant activity than the corresponding alcohol extracts. The antioxidant activity of both water and alcohol extracts decreased in the order chamomile flowers > gtill seeds > gtnise seeds. The extracts also showed good free radical‐scavenging activity, indicating that they act as hydrogen donors. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry