用Intel单片机组成的主从式微机纺织试验数据处理系统

对棉纺织的半制品、成品进行科学地测定与分析,以便真实地反映生产中的质量信息并有的放矢地指导生产,提高产品质量及在国内外市场的竞争能力,因此,先进的测试手段及相应的测试仪器受到了纺织行家们的充分重视,纺织试验仪器的智能化成了纺织试验仪器     

基于PCI总线的运动控制卡及其应用

本文首先介绍了MPC运动控制卡的结构、性能以及控制系统的开发．然后着重介绍了其在织物掉毛量测试仪控制系统中的应用。该控制系统采用工控机控制，利用VB开发了仪器用户界面，给出仪器测试流程图。实验表明，该控制系统指标很好地满足了测试仪提出的要求，是一种很值得推荐的纺织仪器控制方法。     

微力微位称天平测试方法

介绍了一种简单有效的微力，微位移天平测试方法，通过对薄型硅悬臂梁进行力一挠度特性测试进而提取材料杨氏模量的方法得简便，可行的，还介绍了用于测量薄膜应力的悬臂梁挠曲法，由于硅上热生长１．１μｍＳｉＯ２的结构，测得ＳｉＯ２膜内的压应力的２００～２３０ＭＰａ，微力微位移天平测试方法操作方便，仪器成本低，具有较高精度。     

基于PC总线虚拟仪器的关键技术及发展前景

<正> 虚拟仪器是计算机测试仪器发展的结果,一般来说它由微计算机、模块化功能硬件和软件平台组成,用户通过操作计算机图形构成的虚拟仪器面板或在图形化软件平台上采用图形化编程语言编程,即可控制虚拟测试仪器的运行,完成对被测试量的采集、分析、判断、显示、存储及数据生成等.可以说微计算机技术的发展过程,基本上也是计算机仪器的发展过程.在计算机仪器的发展初期,并没有虚拟仪器的概念,人们利用计算机代替人对测试仪器完成某些操作,形成一定的闭环控制系统.在这种情况下,计算机与测试仪器之间有高速的数据通信并不     

基于FPGA和Nios系统的智能电子测试仪器的研究

随着我国科学技术的不断进步,电子产品的设计已经逐渐走向智能化阶段。电子测试仪器是电子产品设计过程当中不可或缺的工具,电子测试仪器也需要根据电子产品的需求步入智能化阶段。于是,对于电子测试仪器的研究成为了我国目前电子领域发展的重要环节。目前,国内外对于智能电子测量仪器的研究已经取得了显著成效,许多公司也已经研究出了适合检测电子产品性能的电子测试仪器。本文将介绍一款基于FPGA和Nios系统的智能电子测试仪器,对智能电子测试仪器进行深入的研究,旨在提供给电子企业一种电子测试仪器设计思路,帮助电子测试仪器进行深层次的创新。     

生物传感器用微电流型恒电位仪系统

介绍一种可以与葡萄糖，谷氨酸等酶生成物电极或一般小电流型电化学反应电极使命作用的微电流型恒电位仪系统。本系统由０．７００Ｖ，高精度指令信号源电路，恒电位控制电路，微电流放大电路等组成，这些电路均密集地组装在一起窄条形印制板上，可以自由组合成三电极或二电极系统的独立通用型恒电位仪器部件。其最大工作电流为１０ｍＡ／Ｖ，最高检测灵敏度可达到１０ｎＡ／Ｖ或者更高。     

基于FPGA的PXI数据采集系统设计

从自主研发的角度,介绍了一种以PXI总线为接口,采用现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）为逻辑控制单元的数据采集系统;在介绍系统总体设计方案的基础上,详细讨论了采集部分的功能实现、FPGA的控制逻辑以及PXI接口电路的设计．晟后分析了仪器的驱动程序;根据本方案研制的数据采集系统已经成功地应用于实际测试系统中,其性能良好,工作稳定,达到了预期的设计目标。     

电化学法便携式过氧化氢浓度检测仪研制

研制了基于电化学法的便携式过氧化氢浓度检测仪,可用于食品过氧化氢（双氧水）残留检测．过氧化氢与测试条上的专用试剂反应后,会产生微弱电流信号,通过检测此反应电流来确定过氧化氢的浓度．介绍了该仪器的软件设计和艰件选型．测试结果表明,仪器的测试误差较小并有较高的分辨率．     

微计算机控制的模拟量测试系统

<正> 在某些特定的场合下,要求对多路模拟电量进行准确无误地测试,并要求时间短,仪器轻便。这就对自动化测试仪提出了较高的要求。将微计算机应用于模拟量的测试控制,能很容易地实现上述要求。对于微计算机,只给它设计一些硬件接口,配上相应的测试软件,就能按照预先安排的程序,迅速准确地完成     

微力微位移天平测试方法

介绍了一种简单有效的微力、微位移天平测试方法,通过对薄型硅悬臂梁进行力—挠度特性测试进而提取材料杨氏模量的方法是简便、可行的。还介绍了用于测量薄膜应力的悬臂梁挠曲法,对于硅上热生长1.1μm SiO_2的结构,测得SiO_2膜内的压应力为200～230MPa.微力微位移天平测试方法操作方便,仪器成本低,具有较高精度。     

Velocity Reversal Systems: A Simple Friction Model for Telescopes

In this paper we experimentally characterize friction in an astronomical telescope and introduce a new model for capturing the observed behavior of friction in both the micro and macro displacement regimes of motion. The model is a modification of the LuGre model and is developed for velocity reversal systems like an astronomical telescope. The proposed model is represented with a pair of masses separated by a linear spring. This model is then employed to synthesize a feedback linearizable controller for the system. The simulation results for the proposed friction model in open loop are presented and validated with the experimental results. The stability aspects of the closed loop system with the modified friction model is then investigated. For estimating the unmeasurable states of the system used in feedback linearization, we discuss the observability of the system with the new model for friction.     

Design principle of micro-mechanical probe for lateral-deflection-controlled friction force microscopy

Design principles of lateral-deflection-controlled friction force microscopy (FFM) are presented. Lateral-deflection-controlled FFM can overcome a fundamental problem of dual-axis FFM and can provide higher lateral resolution by compensating for friction force and providing effectively high rigidity to the probe. In this paper, key micro components are investigated: micro structures for detection of lateral probe deflection and for lateral drive of the probe. The micro structure for deflection detection is fabricated at the end of the probe and is used in combination with an optical lever method. The micro structure that reflects light (positive type) can provide higher sensitivity than a conventional structure that does not reflect light (negative type). For the probe lateral drive, a micro conduction structure that connects the probe with a support beam is used. A micro electrical conduction structure using stiction is introduced, and its feasibility is experimentally confirmed. These micro structures can improve the measurement accuracy.     

基于反步积分滑模摩擦补偿的光电伺服转台控制

针对光电伺服转台在目标搜索、瞄准时出现角度跟踪误差较大、爬行、抖振等问题,本文结合反步法、自适应滑模、LuGre模型的优势,提出了一种反步自适应积分滑模摩擦补偿控制策略。首先根据光电伺服转台工作环境复杂多变的特点,引入环境因子,建立了改进的LuGre模型,然后在李雅普诺夫框架下分步设计子系统与控制律。引入多个自适应律消除参数不确定对系统的影响,采用双非线性摩擦观测器进行摩擦扰动补偿,采用积分滑模增强系统鲁棒性并减小系统稳态误差。由李雅普诺夫定理证明可知系统全局稳定。仿真结果表明,这种新型控制策略能有效抑制摩擦扰动,提高系统角度跟踪精度,可以满足光电伺服转台的高精度跟踪控制的要求。     

A tutorial – game theory-based extended H infinity filtering approach to nonlinear problems in signal processing

In this paper, we provide a tutorial for the applications of “game-theory-based extended H infinity filtering (EHIF)” approach to various problems in disciplines of signal processing. The algorithm of this filtering approach is similar to that of the extended Kalman filtering (EKF). Since its invention, the Kalman filtering approach has been successfully and widely employed for many problems in scientific and engineering fields, e.g. target tracking, satellite systems, control, communications, etc. Therefore, the H infinity filtering approach also can be applied to all these problems. One big difference of EHIF from the EKF approach is that we apply it with unknown noise statistics of the state and measurement. In this tutorial, we introduce this non-well-known approach in spite of its practical usefulness, by providing the step by step algorithm with example problems of a number of signal processing disciplines. We also show that EHIF can outperform other approaches including the EKF that need to know the noise statistics in their applications, in some scenarios. By the contribution of this tutorial, we look forward to easy, and disseminative applications of EHIF to problems where, particularly, the EKF or particle filter could have been applied if noise statistics were known.     

非电量微机采集系统

实现水电厂电量快速微机巡回检测，温度采集较其它信号更为困难，本文着重讨论温度信号转换及与微机系统的连接。且介绍某水电厂微机控系统中非电量检测装置的硬件结构和软件编制。     

Dimensional measurement of high aspect ratio micro structures with a resonating micro cantilever probe

 In non-destructive dimensional measurement of high aspect ratio micro structures (HARMS), optical methods cannot offer full three dimensional information due to the lack of observation light. Again, conventional mechanical measurement, such as a surface profiler or a coordinate measurement machine, cannot be applied because their stylus is too large. Furthermore, the AFM, though popular among the semiconductor industry, is also limited in terms of dimensional measurement, because its system is usually designed for planar samples. Thus, we have developed a new sensor-integrated micro resonating cantilever probe and a new dimensional measurement machine, which allows the probe's vertical access to microstructures in a sample. The new probe is made of tungsten carbide super hard alloy and possesses design flexibility according to its intended application. Validity of the system is confirmed through the measurement experiment of EDM drilled and chemically etched micro holes.     

冰雪运动生物力学及其机器人研究进展

随着我国冰雪运动的蓬勃发展和2022年北京冬季奥运会的成功申办,冰雪运动生物力学和冰雪机器人的研究越来越受关注.首先,介绍冰雪环境下摩擦力学的基本理论,进一步,对比不同变量对摩擦系数的影响;其次,讨论冰雪运动中空气阻力的成因,并分析潜在的减阻机制;再次,介绍研究中常用的测量手段和不同维度的建模方法,阐明各类手段和方法的优缺点;最后,回顾冰雪机器人的研究进展,分析冰雪机器人研究领域的技术挑战,展望冰雪机器人未来的研究思路.     

Hot embossing of thermoplastic multilayered stacks

The combination of different polymer materials during replication offers additional opportunities for fabrication and functionality of microsystems. Different surface and structural properties of polymers allow for improvements in microsystems for example by means of hydrophilic and hydrophobic combinations in microfluidic devices. Due to its high flexibility and precision hot embossing as one of the established micro replication processes facilitates processing of several polymer layers in one single process step. By this multi-component process micro structured systems consisting of thin layers of different polymers with adapted surface properties are fabricated. In this paper we describe the challenge of molding different types of polymers and some applications for multi-component micro systems.     

自力式微压控制器的研制和应用

自力式微压控制器是为高精确度、小量程压力测量传感器能够在承受高压的设备上进行低压在线测量而研制的一种新型控制装置.此控制器采用调节弹簧和缓冲弹簧以及膜片式传感机构与低摩擦力的切断阀组合,实现了在最高压力达20MPa的设备上自动切断或打开的功能.实验及试用结果表明,自力式微压控制器使用方便、感应精度高、密封效果好,扩大了高精确度、小量程压力仪表的实际使用场合.     

Backstepping Control for Flexible Joint with Friction Using Wavelet Neural Networks and L2‐Gain Approach

In this study, a new backstepping control scheme is proposed to deal with the high accuracy flexible joint servo system's position control. Based on the introduction of non‐consecutive friction, the cascade dynamics equations of flexible joint are established. The macroscopic controller is designed using a backstepping design technique to suppress the flexibility and external disturbance based on the L₂ property. To identify the non‐consecutive function, the wavelet neural networks (WNN) are utilized in the microscopic controller to compensate for nonlinear friction and uncertainties. The combined strategy of macro and micro controller can overcome the derivation explosion problem and avoid the joint acceleration measurement and upper bound forecast. Finally, stability analysis and mathematical simulations are presented to verify the effectiveness of this new controller.